Physical and chemical properties of carbonate apatite monolith treated by three ammonium phosphate solutions

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1349

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In our previous study, we prepared calcite monolith by carbonation of Ca(OH)₂ and then synthesized dahllite agglomerates with encouraging physical and chemical properties after treatment with NH₄H₂PO₄ solution at low temperature. But it had low carbonic acid content, which is considered to be associated with the low pH values of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of ammonium phosphate solutions at different pH values on the physical and chemical properties of the carbonate apatite bone substitute material prepared by calcite and find the optimal ammoniumm phosphate solution for fabrication of carbonate apatite monolith with excellent performance at low temperature.

METHODS: The agglomerated calcium hydroxide was carbonated to form calcite. The prepared calcite was soaked in three 1 mol/L ammonium phosphate solutions (NH₄H₂PO₄, (NH₄)₂HPO₄, (NH₄)₃PO₄) at 60°C respectively. After 1, 4, 7 and 14 days of soaking, diametral tensile strength determination, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies, and scanning electron microscopy were performed. The results were analyzed by comparison.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and diametral tensile strength determination results showed that after 14 days of treatment with three ammonium phosphate solutions, CaCO₃ had completely transformed into carbonate apatite. The reaction rate was fastest in the NH₄H₂PO₄ solution, with the highest diametral tensile strength of 10 MPa, but relative lower carbonate content (4.80±0.5)%. The diametral tensile strength of final product was 6 MPa after treatment by both (NH₄)₂HPO₄ and (NH₄)₃PO₄ solution. It is adequate for bone substitute used in the low-bearing parts. Chemical analyses showed that the carbonate content of the product treated by (NH4)₃PO₄ solution was (7.25±0.81)%, which was extremely similar to that of bone. In addition, there was a high amount of B-type carbonate apatite. These results suggest that carbonate apatite with sufficient diametral tensile strength. By comparison, the carbonate apatite produced with (NH₄)₃PO₄ solution is the most ideal product.

Key words: carbonate apatite, ammoniumm phosphate solution, bone substitute, diametral tensile strength, B-type carbonate apatite monolith, biodegradation, pH value, carbonate content

CLC Number:

Lin Xin, Hou Min. Physical and chemical properties of carbonate apatite monolith treated by three ammonium phosphate solutions[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2019, 23(26): 4136-4141.

Figures/Tables 8

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