Differential expression of angiogenic growth factors in cerebrovascular malformations

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.29.017

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cerebral vascular malformations are the leading cause of hemorrhagic apoplexy in young adults, and the rupture and bleeding of malformed vessels may cause severe neurological dysfunction. The mechanism of cerebral vascular malformations remains unclear. Modern molecular biology studies have shown that, angiogenic growth factors are abnormally expressed in cerebral vascular malformations.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in the expression of angiogenic growth factors in cerebral vascular malformations, and discuss the possible relationship between cerebral vascular malformations and angiogenic growth factors.

METHODS: Fifty patients with cerebral vascular malformations and fifty patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were included in this study. The expressions of angiogenic growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-α) in the cerebral vascular malformation specimens and the normal superficial temporal artery specimens were detected with immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the normal superficial temporal artery of intracerebral hemorrhage patients, no expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-α was found; in the vascular malformations, they were highly expressed (P < 0.05). Compared with normal blood vessels, vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-α expression was significantly increased in patients with cerebral vascular malformations.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

全文链接：

Key words: vascular endothelial growth factors, transforming growth factor-α, intracerebral hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformation

CLC Number:

R318

Zhu Guo-hua, Yang Zhen-cun, Dang Mu-ren, Maimaitili, Wang Xin, Serickduysenbi . Differential expression of angiogenic growth factors in cerebrovascular malformations[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2014, 18(29): 4689-4694.

Figures/Tables 1

2.1 受试者数量分析对照组中50例患者与随机获取的50位脑动静脉畸形患者为相似人群，均进入结果分析，无脱落。 2.2 脑血管畸形一般形态脑血管畸形呈现为不规则块状，呈紫色，深蓝色或棕褐色，血栓附着腔，有的软，有的硬而脆，也可以找到陈旧性出血。在光学显微镜下观察显示：畸形血管缺乏正常血管形态，而表现为血管迂曲缠绕无序增生形成的血管团，血管间质无明显正常脑组织，可见少量增生胶质细胞。血管管壁厚薄明显不等，部分变薄向外膨出，部分机化增厚，缺乏内弹力纤维层，同时伴有不同程度的透明变陛和钙化。血管内皮细胞部分坏死或变性，部分剥离至管腔，可见血栓形成和血栓机化。内弹力层多数部分破坏；纤维母细胞、纤维细胞及大片胶原组织散布在内膜及中膜间，胶原纤维可见较多玻璃样变性，平滑肌细胞的表达显著降低。中膜和外膜有少量的巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞等炎性细胞浸润；动静脉畸形腔内充满血液凝块部，部分血栓有纤维化和机化。 2.3 脑血管畸形患者血管组织形态苏木精-伊红染色观察显示，脑畸形血管失去正常脑血管壁的构成，尤其是在中膜和内膜。正常内膜至内弹性膜结构明显破坏，纤维性内膜增厚，内皮细胞减少而不连续。脑血管畸形标本管腔内可见较多血栓，管壁中膜的平滑肌层几乎看不到。炎症细胞浸润的外膜中的胶原纤维排列紊乱，且见不同程度的玻璃样变性。正常对照组中管壁各层存在且排列整齐，无内皮细胞的损伤，内弹性膜完整而均匀。见图1。 2.4 血管生长相关因子在脑血管畸形患者血管壁中的表达血管内皮生长因子：正常血管壁中血管内皮生长因子染色阳性率为2%(图2A)。在动静脉畸形中血管内皮生长因子的表达染色阳性率为83% (图2B)。在海绵状血管瘤中血管内皮生长因子的表达染色阳性率为75%(图2C)。血管畸形中动静脉畸形和海绵状血管瘤血管壁血管内皮生长因子表达明显，与正常血管比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，血管畸形中动静脉畸形和海绵状血管瘤血管内皮生长因子高表达。在动静脉畸形和海绵状血管瘤间血管内皮生长因子表达差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。转化生长因子α：正常血管壁中表达[2(+)，48(-)，图3A]染色阳性率为4%，在动静脉畸形中的表达[26(+)，4(-)，图3B]染色阳性率为87%在海绵状血管瘤中表达[16(+)，4(-)，图3C]染色阳性率为80%。血管畸形中动静脉畸形和海绵状血管瘤血管壁转化生长因子α表达明显，与正常血管比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。在动静脉畸形和海绵状血管瘤间血管内皮生长因子表达无显著差异(P > 0.05)。"

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