Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the disposition and application of tissue-engineered artificial bone materials, in order to find a reasonable repair material for bone defect.
METHODS: Taking “tissue engineering, bone defect, artificial bone, nanomaterials” in Chinese, and “tissue engineering, bone defect, artificial bone, biological degradation” in English as search terms, the articles between January 1993 and October 2009 were retrieved by computer. Literatures related to tissue engineering were included, duplicate and Meta-analysis researches were excluded. A total of 30 literatures were involved for analysis of the types and dispositions of tissue engineered artificial bone materials.
RESULTS: Biodegradable and bioactive tissue engineered artificial bone materials can be served as an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering of bone defects. The effect of repair was equal or close to autogenous bone, source was sufficient. It had not only immunological rejection, but also avoided the pain and complications of patients by taking autogenous bone. It did not affect the athletes return to the game, players were willing to accept. Composite artificial bone materials liberated athletes from fear of trouble in the rear and brought huge social benefits. Based on the scaffolds prepared by nano-hydroxyapatite combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2, they not only had good biocompatibility, biodegradability and high affinity, but also improved bone induction activity and promoted the formation of new bone. Biodegradable and bioactive tissue engineered artificial bone materials in clinical preliminary studies showed a good biocompatibility with the human body and good healing without immune rejection.
CONCLUSION: Bone defect is common sports injury, which has been a hot spot of sports injury research. The research of tissue-engineered bone defect repair has developed rapidly and brings opportunities for the repair of bone defect. Composite tissue engineered materials can play the advantages of different materials to make up for lack of a single material, which is an ideal scaffold material.