Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (30): 4912-4920.doi: 10.12307/2023.549

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Research advances in drug coatings for prevention of peri-implantitis

Li Yaohua1, 2, Zeng Fengjiao2, 3, Chen Bin2, Fan Qin1, 3, Bai Guohui1, 2   

  1. 1Stomatology College of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institutions in Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 3Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-08-12 Accepted:2022-09-27 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-04-03
  • Contact: Fan Qin, Master, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Stomatology College of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Li Yaohua, Master candidate, Stomatology College of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institutions in Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Plan Project of Zunyi, No. Zunyi Kehe HZ Zi (2022) 392 (to ZFJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pharmaceutical coating applied to the surface of an implant or an abutment can produce localized antibacterial, pro-osseointegration, and soft-tissue integration effects, reducing the risk of developing peri-implantitis and increasing implant success rates.
OBJECTIVE: To review the current state and achievements in the application of various drug coatings for the management of peri-implantitis. 
METHODS: A computer was used to search the relevant articles in the CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and VIP databases using the Chinese and English search terms “peri-implantitis, drug loading materials, coating, antibacterial, osseointegration, soft-tissue integration/soft tissue sealing”. The literature was screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 79 papers were considered for evaluation and analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Current drug carriers have good mechanical, thermochemical, and biological properties, which can improve the antibacterial functions of the implant/abutment surface, promote the formation of osseointegration and soft tissue sealing by loading and releasing drugs to achieve direct and/or indirect prevention of peri-implantitis, and provide a new research direction for the prevention of peri-implantitis. For example, an antimicrobial peptide coating on the abutment surface can inhibit microorganisms’ aggregation and adhesion, promote implant soft tissue sealing, prevent bacteria from invading the alveolar bone below, avoid inflammatory absorption of bone tissue, and thus prevent peri-implantitis. (2) Specific drug coatings, on the other hand, may have issues such as sudden drug release, simple function, and difficulty in continuous drug delivery and drug supplementation. In the future, by combining different carriers and drugs, improving drug loading methods, and improving coating technology, a drug coating that can “smart” control drug release and has multifunctional and “regenerative” properties will be developed by researchers. (3) While most current in vitro studies have demonstrated that drug coatings have the potential to prevent peri-implantitis, there are few in vivo animal studies and clinical studies, and more relevant studies are needed in the future to investigate whether other cells or substances in the implant nest affect drug release, as well as the effect of drug coatings under implant loading to promote the clinical promotion of drug coating. 

Key words: biomaterial, peri-implantitis, drug coating, drug loading material, coating, antibacterial, osseointegration, soft tissue sealing, review

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