Biological characteristics of hydroxyapatite/chitosan combined with metformin for bone defect in rats

doi:10.12307/2021.058

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Metformin can stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and promote the regeneration and repair of bone tissue.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the restorative effect of hydroxyapatite/chitosan combined with metformin on skull defects in rats.

METHODS: The hydroxyapatite/chitosan/metformin composite was prepared by dissolving chitosan into metformin deionized water solution and adding hydroxyapatite with certain mass ratio. Hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite was prepared by the same method. The hydroxyapatite/chitosan/metformin composite was immersed in cell culture medium, and the release rate of metformin in the composite was detected in vitro. Thirty 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to make skull defects at a diameter of 5 mm. Samples were randomly divided into three groups. No material was implanted in the blank group. The control group and experimental group were implanted with hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite and hydroxyapatite/chitosan/metformin composite respectively. At 3 months after operation, X-ray, micro CT and histological examination were performed. The animal experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hubei Medical University (approval No. 20170539).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hydroxyapatite/chitosan/metformin composite sustained release of metformin in the cell culture medium, and the cumulative release of metformin was (95.37±4.31)% at 21 days, which showed that metformin continued to release throughout the induction and differentiation of osteoblasts. (2) X-ray and micro-CT results showed that the skull bone defects of the three groups were repaired to different degrees, and the fracture line was fuzzy. The area and volume of new bone in the experimental group were larger than those in the control group and blank group, and those in the experimental group were significantly larger compared with the control group. (3) Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that in the experimental group and the control group, the materials were degraded in different degrees. The new bone was mainly filled in the gap between the scaffold materials, with a small number of fiber cells around. The percentage and density of new bone area in the experimental group and the control group were significantly higher than those in the blank group (P < 0.05), while the percentage and density of new bone area in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) The results indicate that hydroxyapatite/chitosan/metformin composite biomaterial has a good osteogenic promoting effect.

Key words: bone, material, metformin, hydroxyapatite, chitosan, bone tissue engineering, bone defect

CLC Number:

Li Rui. Biological characteristics of hydroxyapatite/chitosan combined with metformin for bone defect in rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2021, 25(28): 4460-4464.

Figures/Tables 7

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