Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference and mechanisms underlying the re-endothelialization and late stent thrombosis in different types of drug eluting stents, to explore the research and development direction of new drug eluting stent.
METHODS: A computer-based online search was performed for articles published from January 1993 to April 2010 with the key words of “intravascular stent, re-endothelialization, drug eluting stent, late stent thrombus” in English and Chinese. Studies regarding re-endothelialization and late stent thrombus of drug eluting stent were included. The repetitiveness or Meta papers were excluded. Totally 33 articles mainly focus the difference and mechanisms underlying the re-endothelialization and late stent thrombosis in different types of drug eluting stents.
RESULTS: Re-endothelialization is different in several kinds of drug eluting stents. Vascular smooth muscle cell antiproliferative drug eluting stents are widely used in the clinical practice, but the delayed endothelialization may lead to late thrombosis, thereby affecting the clinical efficacy and application. Other kinds of drugs eluting stent exhibited higher restenosis rate than vascular smooth muscle cell antiproliferative drug eluting stents. To solve incomplete stent endothelialization of drug eluting stent is a key issue of improving drug stent.
CONCLUSION: Ideal coating drugs can effectively inhibit vascular intimal hyperplasia, but also induce vascular endothelium to well cover stent, thus preventing the emergence of late thrombosis.