Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Periosteum has been confirmed to repair bone defects in large number of experiments. But its source is limited, thus restricting clinical applications. Therefore, artificial periosteum constructed using tissue engineering principles and methods is worthy of further exploration and research.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the practicability of tissue engineered periosteum fabrication by small intestinal submucosa as a tissue scaffold with rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC).
METHODS: Bone marrow was obtained from healthy New Zealand rabbits, by using density gradient centrifugation BMSCs were isolated and were then cultured in vitro. Following induced differentiation and identification, the BMSCs were compounded with porcine small intestinal submucosa to fabricate tissue engineered periosteum. The adhesion, growth, proliferation of BMSCs on the materials, as well as extracellular matrix secretion were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The BMSCs by osteogenic induction could quickly adhere and proliferate on the surface of porcine small intestinal submucosa and got into the holes. Meantime, BMSCs secreted a great deal of extracellular matrices. BMSCs grew well there in layers, and the periosteum became thicker as time passed, acting like a biological periosteum. Combined culture of porcine small intestinal submucosa and BMSCs can construct a tissue engineering periosteum with physiological function.