Osteogenic differentiation of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells from osteoarthritic knee joints

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.45.004

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells are commonly used in tissue engineering, while whether synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells from human knee joints can make a role in repair and regeneration of bone tissue as the appropriate seed cells need to be further verified.
OBJECTIVE: To study the osteogenic differentiation potential of synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells which were harvested from human knee joint with end-stage osteoarthritis in vitro. Meanwhile, to identify the osteogenic characteristics of these induced synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS: Cell populations were enzymatically released from the synovial membrane obtained from total knee arthroplasty. Nucleated cells were plated at an appropriate density (200 cells/cm2) for expansion at the maximum rate without colony-to-colony contact. Monoclone was obtained by selecting as primary synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells. After primary cultured in control medium and expanded to three passages, synovium- derived mesenchymal stem cells were subjected to in vitro assays to investigate their osteogenesis potential in osteogenic medium containing dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nucleated cells from the synovial membrane formed single cell-derived colonies, which were of polygon shape and star shape, uniform in size. After three passages, homogeneous populations of fibroblast-like cells were observed. Under appropriate culture conditions, synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were induced to differentiate to the osteocyte lineages which had typical “slabstone” appearance of osteoblasts. Osteogenesis was stained positively for alkaline phosphatase staining at day 7 and formed mineralized nodular structures at day 21, which was confirmed by Alizarin red staining. Alkaline phosphatase activity assay showed a rise after the osteogenesis induction and reached the peak at day 7. Expressions of osteocyte specific genes, such as collagen type Ⅰ, Runx2, bone-binding protein and osteopontin, were all detected. These genes were expressed positively in osteogenic medium, and the mRNA expressions of collagen type Ⅰ, Runx2, bone-binding protein and osteopontin were enhanced significantly after 21 days. Our study demonstrates that synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from knee joint of end-stage osteoarthritis patients could be induced into osteoblasts in vitro, and these induced cells have typical osteogenesis characteristics. Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells may play a role in the regenerative response during the process of bone injury, which are promising candidates for bone tissue engineering.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, synovial membrane, induced pluripotent stem cells, cell differentiation

CLC Number:

R394.2

Rui Yun-feng, Lin Yu-cheng, Chen Hui, Wang Chen. Osteogenic differentiation of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells from osteoarthritic knee joints[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.45.004.

Figures/Tables 4

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