Table of Content

24 September 2011, Volume 15 Issue 39 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Influence of different-width cerclage bands on fracture healing Pang Xiao-jian, Ni Dong-kui, Zheng Dao-ming, Li Li-jun 2011, 15 (39):  7221-7225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.001 Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (1712KB) ( 356 )   Save BACKGROUND: Some research shows that the use of cerclage bands can even damage fracture healing and bring about fracture nonunion or delayed healing. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of cerclage bands of three sizes on fracture healing. METHODS: Totally 45 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, and the femoral shaft fracture animal models of non-weight-bearing were established. The three groups were all used with intramedullary fixation, and the cerclage bands were 3, 6, and 9 mm respectively. The effects of the three groups were evaluated and compared through the gross observation, the bone mineral density, the diameter of callus and histological examination were measured and performed at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after operation in order to understand the role of cerclage bands in fracture fixation and fracture healing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 4 and 6 weeks after fixation, the bone mineral density in the 6 mm group was superior to that in the 9 mm group (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density at 4 and 6 weeks after fixation and the diameter of callus at 2, 4, 6 weeks after fixation were both lower in the 9 mm group than the other groups (P < 0.05). The number of new trabecular bone and osteoblasts in the 6 mm group was higher than that in the other groups. These findings indicated that 6 mm cerclage bans has a best effect on fracture healing under the same binding force. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Treatment of thoracolumbar fractures by vertebral pedicle-screws through the fractured vertebrae based on a three-dimensional finite element method Li Qin-liang, Liu Yi, Chu Zhao-ming, He Shuang-jun, Chen Jin-chuan, Chen Ming 2011, 15 (39):  7226-7229.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.002 Abstract ( 355 )   PDF (1170KB) ( 464 )   Save BACKGROUND: It has recently been reported in the literature that segmental fixation with screws at the level of the fracture achieves improved stability over conventional four-screw fixation because it effectively reduces the incidence of screw loosening and internal fixation fracture, but the research about the biomechanics is inadequate. OBJECTIVE: To construct a three-dimensional finite element model of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures and to investigate the biomechanical mechanism of the treatment about thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures with pedicle screws in injured level. METHODS: The ultrathin CT scan data obtained from one young male patient with the compression fractures of T12 were put into the Materialise Mimics to reconstruct a compression fracture model of T12. The fracture model was treated respectively with six and four pedicle screws. Vertical compression, flexion, extension, left and right bending loadings were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The largest stress was measured in the screw root. The stress under the vertical loading was the lowest, while those under the right bending and left flexion loadings were the highest. The stress of the superior screw was larger than that of the subordinate screw (P < 0.05). The stress in the four-screw group was larger than that in the six-screw group (P < 0.05). The maximal deflection of T11 under different loadings had no difference between the two groups. It is indicated that it can be optimized to reduce the failure of internal fixation with pedicle screws in injured level. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Needle-holder markers detection based on an improved Hough Transform Zhang Rui-juan, Wu Xue-mei, Liu Qi 2011, 15 (39):  7230-7233.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.003 Abstract ( 262 )   PDF (572KB) ( 312 )   Save BACKGROUND: Stereo-match is the nodus of passive-optical-localization, because the images usually are influenced by noise, illumination change, shielding, perspective, distortion and so on. OBJECTIVE: To simplify the stereo-match algorithm, we derived the markers of the needle-holder’s balls by using an improved Hough Transform of circle detection. METHODS: The improved Hough Transform of circle detection was used to detect the stereograph. We could gain the markers of the needle-holder’s balls. And then we used the knowledge of geometry to mark the needle-holder’s balls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Results showed that that this improved Hough Transform was fast enough, stable and accurate when we used it to derive the markers of the needle-holder’s balls. We could use the method to substitute stereo-match in passive optical localization, which could lay the foundation of stereotaxy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A computer system to build a mathematical model for predicting the effect of walking on the weight loss of the obese elderly Geng Qing-qing, Sun Hua-yu, Li Xiao-xia 2011, 15 (39):  7234-7237.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.004 Abstract ( 330 )   PDF (607KB) ( 367 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are no systematic and high-targeted health guidance systems that are effective and easy to be accepted by the elderly. OBJECTIVE: To establish a mathematical model for predicting the effect of walking on the weight loss of the obese elderly. METHODS: Fifty obese old people received walking exercise under 40%-60% maximal oxygen uptake and with a heart rate of 100-120 beats/per minute for 3 months, 40 minutes once, 5 times a week. The mathematical model was established to predict the body mass. Model 1: a direct proportion function associated with pre-exercise body mass (m1) and training days (t); Model 2: a direct proportion function associated with pre-exercise body mass (m1), age (a), height (h), sex, and training days (t). RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the data prior to the exercise, the body mass, fat percentage, body mass index and obesity degree were declined significantly after the exercise (P < 0.01), indicating that the weight-reducing effect of walking was rather outstanding. The model 1 could be used to predict the body mass (mt) after t-day walking exercise based on pre-exercise body mass (m1) and consuming energy of 6-minute quick walking (e). The model 2 could be used to predict the body mass (mt) after t-day walking exercise (t≥2) based on age (a), sex, pre-exercise body mass (m1), height (h) and consuming energy of 6-minute quick walking (e). For the same trainer, the model 2 is more accurate than the model 1 in the predictable results, but the model 1 is easier to practice. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Q angle measurement for surgical treatment of patella dislocation based on knee soft tissue balance Gui Bin-jie, Liu De-bao, Lu Xiao-lin, Zhou Jian 2011, 15 (39):  7238-7241.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.005 Abstract ( 345 )   PDF (452KB) ( 464 )   Save BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of habitual dislocation of the patella can improve the Q angle to correct dislocation of the patella through the lateral patellar soft tissue balance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of surgical treatment of the habitual dislocation of the patella based on knee soft tissue balance by Q angle measurement. METHODS: Q angles in 18 cases of habitual dislocation of the patella before surgery were measured, according to which, 18 cases were divided into two groups: <16° group, treated by the knee joint capsule lateral release, medial joint capsule tightening; >16° group, treated by the knee joint capsule lateral release, medial joint capsule tightening, tibial tubercle transposition and/or the lateral and medial part of quadriceps displacement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Postoperative Q angle was significantly improved in the two groups as compared with that before operation as well as the score of Lysholm-Gillquist (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P  > 0.05). Results of Q angle measurement show that based on on knee soft tissue balance, these surgery treatments for of patella dislocation have fewer complications and benefits to the functional recovery of the knee joint. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Stress analysis and optimization design of titanium framework for repair of individual mandibular defects Gong Zhen-yu, Li Guo-hua, Xu Rui-jie, Li Di-chen, Zhou Bing 2011, 15 (39):  7242-7246.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.006 Abstract ( 284 )   PDF (561KB) ( 390 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the development of research in the field of bone substitute in recent years, more and more cases of mandibular bone defects were treated with titanium frameworks in plastic surgery. The titanium frameworks became loosen and broken in even worse cases due to unreasonable design and fixation. Therefore stress analysis and structure design and nice fixation were the key to this problem. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stress and strain on titanium framework, stump of mandible and fixing screws in load when the defect area includes unilateral condyle. METHODS: The three-dimensional finite element models of defective mandible and three types of titanium frameworks were established, and then the vertical load were exerted to simulate the mastication movement. Finally, stress and strain situation of different design were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the three types of frameworks, the one whose contour of extend plate was smooth and continuous with mandible and overcoated the inferior border of mandible got the minimum stress on stump and fixing screw, furthermore the framework got the least distortion. In design of titanium framework fixed unilaterally to repair the mandible bone defects including a condyle, the extend plate should be smooth and continuous with mandible and overcoat the inferior border, moreover, stronger fixation in inferior border of mandible is necessary. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Success rates of orthodontic micro-implant implantation using different positioning methods Sun Ying-ming, Zhang Meng-jie, Wang Xiao-bo 2011, 15 (39):  7247-7250.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.007 Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (596KB) ( 318 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is an issue of concern to increase the stability of micro-implants, reduce the failure rate, and correctly use micro-implant anchorage. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence on the success rate of orthodontic micro-implant using two kinds of positioning methods. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients who required implant anchorage were evaluated. All the implants were imbedded in the alveolar bone between the maxillary second premolar and first molar. One side of each patient was randomly selected to imbed micro-implant by using X-ray film, as the A group; the other side using three-dimensional plate, as the B group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 5-7 months of clinical use of implant anchorage, 29 micro-implants of the A group were stable, 9 loosened, AND the success rate was 76.3%; 36 micro-implants of the B group were stable, 2 loosened, and the success rate was 94.7%. The success rates of two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). Compared with the traditional positioning method, the three-dimensional guide of orthodontic micro-implant may achieve the best implant site, thus effectively reducing implant anchorage failure rate. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Dual-source CT with multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering three-dimensional reconstruction in the evaluation of rib fractures Qian Bin, Zou Xin-nong, Yao Xuan-jun, Tao Guang-yu, Wang Kai, Chen Hong-wei 2011, 15 (39):  7251-7254.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.008 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (533KB) ( 480 )   Save BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of rib fractures relying on the chest radiograph diagnosis often leads to misdiagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of dual-source CT with three-dimensional reconstruction in rib fractures. METHODS: Sixty-five patients with rib fractures were scanned with dual-source CT. The data were sent to the workstation line of multi-planar reconstruction using volume rendering technique, to obtain high-resolution three-dimensional images of rib fractures, and to observe the fracture line courses, fracture displacement and angulation of the situation from different angles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The combination of dual-source CT and three-dimensional reconstruction images clearly showed 286 fractures in 65 patients, including 52 cases of conservative treatment, and the remaining 13 cases of surgery. The surgery programs in all patients were developed with reference to three-dimensional reconstruction images showing the fracture position, displacement, angulation, etc., consistent with the intraoperative findings. Dual-source CT can confirm the diagnosis of rib fractures, and multi-planar reconstruction and volume rendering techniques complement each other in the diagnosis and guiding treatment of rib fractures which have a distinct advantage. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Systemic and local cytokines kinetics in early stage after total hip replacement Xie Qing-yun, Wei Meng, Zhang Bo, Quan Yi, Pan Xian-ming, Kang Xia, Liu Xi-lin 2011, 15 (39):  7255-7258.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.009 Abstract ( 325 )   PDF (607KB) ( 292 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies about local and subsequent systemic inflammtatory reactions in early stage after total hip replacement are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the local and systemic cytokine kinetics in early stage after total hip replacement. METHODS: In 9 patients undergoing total hip replacement, drained blood samples and venous blood samples were taken at wound closure, 1, 4 and 24 hours after operation. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β and IL-17 release was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The major findings were significant increases in systemic levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and in local levels of IL-6, and the local levels of these cytokines were significantly higher than the systemic ones after operation (P < 0.05). Besides, there were no significant changes in local and systemic levels of IL-1β and IL-17. The acute sterile inflammation after major orthopaedic surgery is principally characterized by significantly increased local and systemic levels of IL-6. Furthermore, the systemic cytokine levels may not reflect local reactions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Drug prevention aganist periprosthetic osteolysis 5 years after total hip arthroplasty: A controlled randomized evaluation Zhen Xin-gang, Wang Shao-qing, Yu Qiang 2011, 15 (39):  7259-7262.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.010 Abstract ( 356 )   PDF (580KB) ( 355 )   Save BACKGROUND: The ideal drugs therapy for osteolysis may not only relieve the pain, but also save medical costs. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the 5-year effect of alendronate and alfacalcidol combination on preventing periprosthetic osteolysis after total hip arthroplasty.   METHODS: Seventy-five patients undergoing cemented total hip replacement after femoral neck fracture were randomly divided into 3 groups: the treatment group was given alendronate and alfacalcidol oral combination therapy, the control group was treated with compound amino acid chelate joint capsule of oral calcium therapy, and the blank control group with normal diet. Periprosthetic bone mineral density and average Harris score were examined at the 1st, 3rd, 5th years after the operation, and imaging evaluation after 5 years. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Three and five years after hip replacement, bone density in treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); 5 years after surgery, bone dissolution rate of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group and the blank control group (P < 0.05). The results showed that the combination of alendronate and alfacalcidol played a positive role in preventing the occurrence of osteolysis after hip prosthesis replacement. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of different materials of total hip arthroplasty for reconstruction of hip function in adult Kaschin-Beck disease Qian Gui-bin, Liu Hao, Zhang Jun, Wang Peng, Zhang Yu-cheng, Zhang Da-peng 2011, 15 (39):  7263-7265.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.011 Abstract ( 284 )   PDF (532KB) ( 453 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are non-excellent outcomes with limited arthroscopic clean-up in patients with adult Kaschin-Beck disease. OBJECTIVE: To compare the curative effect of different materials in total hip arthroplasty for patients with secondary hip osteoarthritis due to adult Kaschin-Beck disease.   METHODS: A total of 20 hips with total hip replacements were performed in 13 patients with secondary hip osteoarthritis due to adult Kaschin-Beck disease from March 2006 to May 2010. There were 5 cases receiving bone cement prosthesis and 15 cases receiving non-bone cement prosthesis.    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean follow-up was 8-48 months. Compared with preoperation, the mean Harris hip scores on the 14th day after the operation and at the last follow-up were all improved significantly (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference between bone cement prosthesis and non-bone cement prosthesis (P > 0.05). There was no loosening, migration, heterotopic ossification radiographically, and no revision during the follow-up. Total hip arthroplasty can alleviate the joint ache and improve joint movable function. Different-material total hip arthroplasty is an effective treatment for patients with secondary hip osteoarthritis due to adult Kaschin-Beck disease. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Early-stage effect of Nexgen-LPS-Flex prosthesis on severe knee degenerative joint disease in 126 cases Hu Ru-yin, Tian Xiao-bin, Sun Li, Tian Jia-liang 2011, 15 (39):  7266-7270.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.012 Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (654KB) ( 458 )   Save BACKGROUND: In the past, patients cannot had high flexion after total knee arthropalsty as the aspect of prosthesis and rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preliminary clinical outcome of NexGen LPS-Flex system in severe knee degenerative joint diseases. METHODS: 126 patients (173 knees) with severe knee degenerative joint disease underwent primary total knee arthroplasty with NexGen LPS-Flex prostheses. Clinical results were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average operation time was (78.2±13.5) minutes. Femorotibial angle was evaginated 5°-7°. The range of motion was (78.4±10.6)° and (112.8±18.6)° prior to and after replacement. The HSS score was (32.4±12.0) points before replacement and (87.9±10.9) points at discharge (P < 0.01). Four cases (4 knees) had a wound healing disorder, 3 patients had deep venous thrombosis and cured after intervention therapy, and 1 patient presented with extension disorder. No osteolysis, loosening and severe friction happened. The results indicated that there were no complications at early stage of Nexgen-LPS-Flex prosthesis for severe knee degenerative joint diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Ordinary and high-flexion total knee prosthesis replacement: Comparison of early postoperative functional rehabilitation Hua Wei, Chen Ping-bo, Liang Zhi-quan, Lü Gang 2011, 15 (39):  7271-7274.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.013 Abstract ( 304 )   PDF (682KB) ( 306 )   Save BACKGROUND: High-flexion total knee prosthesis is superior to ordinary one, especially in the joint flexion after implantation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference between ordinary and high-flexion prostheses in early functional rehabilitation following unilateral total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: We retrospectively analyze 133 cases with 141 knees undergoing ordinary or high-flexion prostheses replacement at the Orthopaedic Center, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Post-implantation effects were compared between two different types of prostheses. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After implantation, there were 1 case of transient peroneal nerve palsy and 1 case of poor wound healing in the high-flexion group; totally 42 cases with 44 knees were follow-up for 12-19 months, and there were 2 cases with 3 knees lost. In the ordinary group, there were 2 cases of poor wound healing and 1 case of superficial vein thrombosis; 86 cases with 91 knees were followed-up for 12-23 months, and 3 cases with 3 knees were lost. At 1 year after implantation, the HSS score, visual analog scale score, and strength rating had no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the range of motion and the degree of flexion contracture in the high-flexion group were superior to the ordinary group (P < 0.05). These indicate that in the early stage, the high-flexion prosthesis is better than the ordinary prosthesis in the range of motion and the degree of flexion contracture. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comprehensive rehabilitation following total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial Gao Zheng-yu, Wu Ji-xia, Lin Wen-long, Tuo Miao, Zhu Qi-xiu, Wei Ling, Wang Lin, Li Tie-shan 2011, 15 (39):  7275-7278.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.014 Abstract ( 279 )   PDF (634KB) ( 469 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are many studies about rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but these studies are mostly limited to study only a rehabilitation method. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of comprehensive rehabilitation after TKA. METHODS: Fifty patients who underwent unilateral TKA were randomly divided into two groups: the study group received rehabilitation guidance before operation, and rehabilitation exercise by therapists, CPM exercise, ice application after operation; the control group received CPM exercise only. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From the 2nd day to the 6th day after operation, the score of visual analog scale in the study group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The range of motion of the knee was higher in the study group at 2 days to 6 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). HSS scores were higher in the study group than the control group at 2 and 6 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). There was no difference in local complications between two groups. Application of comprehensive rehabilitation for TKA can speed up the rehabilitation process, relieve pain, improve the range of motion of the knee, and side effect is not rising. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of a new shape-memory alloy interspinous process device on the pressure distribution of implanted intervertebral disc segment Liu Chang-zheng, Yao Qing-qiang, Zheng Sheng-nai, Tang Cheng, Xu Yan 2011, 15 (39):  7279-7283.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.015 Abstract ( 275 )   PDF (603KB) ( 406 )   Save BACKGROUND: The degeneration of the intervertebral disc and zygapophyseal joints (facet joint) is the main cause of degenerative lumbar stenosis with the clinical outcomes including chronic low back pain and neurogenic intermittent claudication. Dynamic stabilization devices, especially non-fusion interspinous process stabilization devices (IPD), are noteworthy in saving segmental movement, showing faster recovery and rehabilitation without increasing the degeneration of adjacent segments. OBJECTIVE: To compare and quantify the disc pressure to understand the likelihood of accelerated disc degeneration in the implanted level to optimize the usage of the implant. METHODS: Six cadaver lumbar specimens (L2–5) were loaded in flexion, neutral, and extension. A pressure measuring film measured the disc load during each of the three positions at each L3-4 disc level. The implant with different spacer height including 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm was placed at L3-L4 by turns, and the pressure measurements were repeated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The IPD with 10 mm spacer height could not significantly share the disc load. The 12 mm implant significant shared posterior annulus load only in extension. The 14 mm implant decreased the stress in posterior annulus and nucleus in extension and neutral but slightly increased the anterior annulus load. Though the 16 mm-20 mm implants decreased the posterior annulus’ stress significantly, the anterior annulus load was increased about 400% in aforementioned three positions. Different distraction degrees of interspinous process may lead to different disc load distribution, the implant would be not appropriate to those serious spinal stenosis because of the contradictions that though the over distraction can decrease the posterior annulus load and distract the intervertebral foramina, it will lead to an acceleration of disc degeneration by the excessive load increasing in anterior annulus. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Biomechanics of vertebroplasty-augmented short-segment pedicle screw fixation of traumatic thoracolumbar fractures Li Jia-mou, Zhang Kun-ya, Han Wei-feng, Lin Xin, Liu Zhi-cheng 2011, 15 (39):  7284-7287.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.016 Abstract ( 248 )   PDF (614KB) ( 629 )   Save BACKGROUND: Vertebroplasty-augmented short-segment pedicle screw fixation is developed to avoid implant loosing, rupture, bone nonunion, and loss of kyphosis due to single pedicle screw fixation for treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. This treatment has been applied in clinic, but the relevant biomechanical studies are rare. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biomechanical changes in the treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar fractures with short-segment pedicle screw fixation with vertebroplasty. METHODS: Twelve fresh frozen thoracolumbar spines (T12-L2) were used. Models of traumatic thoracolumbar fractures were prepared and divided into three groups: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) group, pedicle screw fixation group, and PVP-augmented short-segment pedicle screw fixation group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the three groups, the cement distribution area was all beyond 50% vertebral body. The failure load and stiffness in the PVP-augmented short-segment pedicle screw fixation group were higher than those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). Screw bending formed due to a lower intensity in the pedicle screw fixation group than that in the PVP-augmented short-segment pedicle screw fixation group. Vertebroplasty supplementation may improve the axial pullout strength, failure load and stiffness of the short-segment pedicle screw. It is important for decreasing the incidence of pedicle screw failure and progressive spinal deformity. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Rapid establishment of a calf vertebral osteoporosis model Cao Yong, Zhang Feng, Yao Yu, Qiu Jun, Chen Xiang-dong, Zhao Jian 2011, 15 (39):  7288-7291.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.017 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (582KB) ( 532 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, osteoporosis animal models used for biomechanical studies of spinal osteoporosis are ovariectomized animal models or drug-induced animal models, and they have many problems such as model establishment for a long time and poor reliability. OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of osteoporotic vertebras rapidly by decalcifying fresh calf lumbar vertebras with Shandon TBD-1. METHODS: Twenty-four calf lumbar vertebrae from four fresh calves were classified into three groups: in pre-experiment group, the vertebrae were immersed in Shandon TBD-1; in decalcified group, the vertebrae were decalcified by using Shandon TBD-1; in control group, no decalcification was done. The vertebrae were subjected to DEXA to measure bone mineral density (BMD). And then two pedicle screws were driven into calf lumbar vertebrae. After that, the maximum axial pullout strength was recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The BMD of the vertebrae in the pre-experiment group was decreased with the time of decalcification. The BMD and the maximum axial pullout strength in the decalcified group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01), and there was a linear positive correlation between the BMD and the maximum axial pullout strength. An animal model of osteoporotic vertebra can be established rapidly in calf by means of decalcifying fresh calf lumbar vertebras with Shandon TBD-1. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Design of an ankle rehabilitation device Xu Zhao-hong, Song Cheng-li, Yu Hong-liu, Yan Shi-ju, Shi Wen-bo 2011, 15 (39):  7292-7294.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.018 Abstract ( 353 )   PDF (430KB) ( 462 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of anterior and posterior operation treatment for Hangman's fracture Zhang Pei, Liu Bin, Wu Yi-min, He Yong-xiong, Chang Zhi-qiang, Zhu Yong, Yu Bao-long 2011, 15 (39):  7295-7298.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.019 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (578KB) ( 557 )   Save BACKGROUND: Posterior C2-3 pedicle screws fixation have been used in internal fixation of Hangman’s fracture. C2-3 anterior fusion and plate fixation has been used recently. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of anterior versus posterior C2-3 pedicle screws on Hangman’s fracture. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with Hangman’s fracture were randomized into two groups, treated with anterior decompression bone fusion plus titanium plate implantation or posterior C2 pedicle screw plus C3 lateral mass screw-rod implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The operation time, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage were shorter or less in anterior cervical operation as compared with in posterior cervical operation (P < 0.05). There were no differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications between the two groups. The results demonstrated that C2-3 anterior fusion and plate fixation is a better method to treat Hangman’s fracture, maintaining excellent reduction and achieving stability, compared with C2-3 posterior pedicle screws fixation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Locking plate fixation for cervicothoracic fracture and dislocation through anterior approach Deng qiang, Wang Xi-yang, Wang Xin, Ge Lei, Duan Chun-yue, Zhou Bing-yan 2011, 15 (39):  7299-7302.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.020 Abstract ( 336 )   PDF (509KB) ( 360 )   Save BACKGROUND: Few studies about the long-term clinical results of cervicothoracic fracture and dislocation treated via the anterior approach and the spinal cord function after locking plate fixation. OBJECTIVE: To find the feasibility and efficacy of locking plate fixation for cervicothoracic fracture and dislocation through the anterior approach.  METHODS: Twelve patients with cervicothoracic fracture and spine cord injury were retrospectively analyzed from January 2007 to January 2011. All cases were treated with anterior decompression and reduction, bone graft, and locking plate fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All patients were followed up for 1 to 2 years, the mean follow-up time was 18 months. And all patients got complete bone fusion within 4 to 8 months postoperatively. There were no pull-out and breakage of screws or locking plate. Spinal cord functional recovery improved according Frankel standard. According to Frankel grades，there were 2 cases at grade A, 4 cases at grade B, 3 cases at grade C, 3 cases at grade D before implantation; 2 cases at grade A, 2 at grade C, 3 at grade D, 5 at grade E after implantation. One patients appeared with transient hoarse voice after surgery, and the symptoms were alleviated from 3 to 6 months after operation. Anterior decompression and reduction, bone graft, locking plate fixation have better effect for treatment of spine and spinal cord trauma in the cervicothoracic junction; the locking plate is helpful for the bone graft healing, reconstruction and stability in the cervicothoracic spine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical application of middle-upper thoracic semi-pedicular fixation via a posterior approach Yang Yong-jun, Zhou Ji-ping, Yao Shu-qiang, Jiang Chuan-jie, Yu Jian-lin, Yang Kai, Tan Yuan-chao 2011, 15 (39):  7303-7306.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.021 Abstract ( 339 )   PDF (529KB) ( 396 )   Save BACKGROUND: The three-dimensional stability of middle-upper thoracic pedicle screw fixation is the best. But because of narrow and thin thoracic pedicle and spinal cord within the thoracic spinal canal, it is of high difficulty and risk for this internal fixation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of middle-upper thoracic semi-pedicular fixation via a posterior approach. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with upper thoracic diseases were treated with middle-upper thoracic semi-pedicular fixation via a posterior approach. Screws of 4.5 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length were used at T1-2, and screws of 5.0-6.0 mm in diameter and 35-40 mm in length used at T3-8. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Postoperative thoracic X-ray films and CT showed no screws entered the spinal canal, and spinal sequence recovered well, without internal fixation loosening and breakage and other complications. There was no spinal cord injury, infection and other complications. All the patients recovered normal life, and pain disappeared in 16 cases. Forty-six patients with incomplete and complete paraplegia could take care of themselves, chest and back pain disappeared, and no kyphosis occurred. The middle-upper thoracic semi-pedicular fixation via a posterior approach is reliable, safe and easy, which can be used as a good choice for middle-upper thoracic posterior fixation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cause analysis of Cage displacement after posterior lumber interbody fusion Miao Jing-lei, Zhang Chao-yue, Zhan Rui-sen, Li Zhi-yue, Liu Zhen-dong 2011, 15 (39):  7307-7310.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.022 Abstract ( 364 )   PDF (456KB) ( 514 )   Save BACKGROUND: Cage displacement is a serious complication after posterior lumber interbody fusion， which often requires reoperation. However, revision surgery is difficult and its effect is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the correlation factors affecting the displacement of Cage. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 16 cases of Cage displacement in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and 4 cases from other hospitals between January 2004 and January 2010. We observed and measured the following indexes: the number and depth of implanted Cage, the fitness of Cage and vertebral endplate, the fastness of the pedicle screw system and the hight of intervertebral space. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Single cage was used in lumbar interbody fusion in 9 patients, and other 11 cases were implanted double cages. Insufficient depth of implanted cage was found in 12 patients and unfitness of cage and vertebral endplate was found in 10 patients. Eight cases had the problem of insufficient recovery of the lesion intervertebral height. Pedicle screw fixation was wrong in location in 2 patients, and loosed in 6 patients. Some aspects relating to internal implants, such as design and choice of cage, and the depth of implantation of cage, as well as the fastness of the pedicle screw system, may have effects on the stability of cage. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Recent clinical observation in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases with posterior lumbar interbody fusion cage and pedicle screw fixation under MAST QUADRANT expansive pipe Sun Yu-yu, Cui Zhi-ming, Bao Guo-feng, Li Wei-dong, Xu Guan-hua, Wang Ling-ling, Cui Ying, Chu Jing-zhe 2011, 15 (39):  7311-7314.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.023 Abstract ( 288 )   PDF (554KB) ( 568 )   Save BACKGROUND: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative disease can restore disc height, maintain the lumbar lordosis, provide immediate stability for the lumbar spine and achieve a higher rate of interbody bone fusion. OBJECTIVE: To explore the indications, surgical techniques and early curative effects in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases with posterior lumbar interbody fusion cage and pedicle screw fixation under MAST QUADRANT expansive pipe. METHODS: Thirty-two cases suffering from lumbar degenerative diseases were treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion cage and unilateral pedicle screw fixation with MAST QUADRANT expansive pipe which was placed in 3.0 cm minimally invasive incision. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no epidural capsule tear, injury of nerve root and great vessels after reatment. Postoperative follow-up continued over 3 months. Compared with preoperation, JOA score difference had statistical significance at 3 months after operation (P < 0.01). VAS score difference also had statistical significance at 3 months after operation (P < 0.01). Bone density on intervertebral space increased gradually on x-ray photograph. Complications including cage displacement, pseudarthrosis and internal fixation loosening did not occur. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with autogenous morselized bone graft impaction in low-lumbar tuberculosis  Li Jian, Zhang Zhen-shan, Yang Bo, Zhao Hong-pu, Wu Yi-feng 2011, 15 (39):  7315-7318.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.024 Abstract ( 369 )   PDF (610KB) ( 401 )   Save BACKGROUND: Autogenous morselized bone graft impaction in the single lumbar segment fusion has reliable fusion rate, but there are few reports about the clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with autogenous morselized bone graft impaction in single operation through single incision in low-lumbar tuberculosis. METHODS: A total of 20 patients with low-lumbar tuberculosis were treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion with autogenous morselized bone graft impaction. The clinical outcomes were measured according to Frankel classify, as well as treatment effect, fusion rate and deformity correction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Twenty cases were followed up for 9 to 20 months. The Macnab criteria revealed that 11 patients had excellent result, 8 had good, and 1 had fair, with a excellent and good rate of 95%. The fusion rate was 90%. No complications were observed. Averaging interbody height and Cobb’s angle at the final follow-up were improved compared with preoperation (P < 0.05). Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with autogenous morselized bone graft impaction in single operation through single incision is an effective treatment for low-lumbar tuberculosis which provides satisfactory effect with high interbody fusion rate and low complication rate. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of expandable intradullary nail and proximal femoral nail in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures Wang Wei, Hao Hua, Wang Jian-feng, Yu Lei, Liang Hong-wei 2011, 15 (39):  7319-7322.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.025 Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (514KB) ( 474 )   Save BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral nail (PFN) is better to keep stability for the femur based on its strong anti-shearing force. It is easy to operate and causes fewer traumas. But it has defect of stress force concentration and larger aperture for locking pin, etc. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of expandable intramedullary nail system (Fixion PF) and PFN in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: Forty-six patients with intertrochanteric fractures were randomly assigned into Fixion PF group and PFN group. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of incision, X-ray exposure, duration of in-patient stay and time of bone union in both groups were recorded and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of incisions and the X-ray exposure was significantly lower in the Fixion PF group than the PFN group (P < 0.01) There were no differences in mean time of bone union and in-patient stay in both group (P > 0.05). The excellent and good rate in Harris score was 91.6% in the Fixion PF group, greater than that in PFN group (90.9%), but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). Compared with PFN protocol, introduction of Fixion PF displayed superiority in microinvasion at early clinical stage. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparative efficacy of elderly intertrochanteric fractures treated by three different internal fixations in 99 cases Wang Chun-hui, Wu Bing, He Fang-sheng, Wang Zi-gang 2011, 15 (39):  7323-7326.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.026 Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (512KB) ( 506 )   Save BACKGROUND: Treatments for intertrochanteric fractures have three methods: dynamic hip screw (DHS), Gamma nail and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA). Which one is more safe, effective, and reliable is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of three different internal fixation methods on elderly intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: According to the different surgical methods, 90 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures were divided into PFNA group, Gamma nail group and the DHS group. A comparison among the three groups in operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, fractures healing and surgical complications was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 90 patients were followed for 12-26 months. The total efficiency of the PFNA group was higher than that of the DHS group and the Gamma nail group, but no significant difference existed (P > 0.05). In the PFNA group, the operation time, blood loss and hospital stay were significantly shorter than those in the DHS group and the Gamma nail group (P < 0.05). Although in the PFNA group the callus formed earlier and fracture healing time were shorter than those in the DHS group and the Gamma nail group, there was no significant difference (P > 0. 05). The incidence of postoperative complications during the follow-up was lower in the PFNA group than the DHS group and the Gamma nail group (P < 0.05). PFNA method compromises less vascular support and osseous, and provides more stable fixation, which is a reasonable surgical method for intertorchanteric fractures. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Variable-angle locking screw volar plating DVRTM in treating unstable distal radius fractures Meng De-peng, Liu Yan, Gou San-huai, Guo Yong-fei, Chen Ai-min, Zhang Wei 2011, 15 (39):  7327-7330.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.027 Abstract ( 284 )   PDF (593KB) ( 511 )   Save BACKGROUND: Final fixation of locking nail depends on location of the plate that requires to be repeatedly confirmed before screw implantation to avoid implanting locking screw to the joint. It will lead to complicated operation and increase the risk for screw implantation into the joint. OBJECTIVE: To investigate a novel method in the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures. METHODS: Among 21 cases of unstable distal radius fractures, there were 3 cases of A3, 3 of B2, 2 of B3, 3 of C1, 5 of C2, 5 of C3 according to AO typing. After 0-12 days of injury, the patients received variable-angle locking screw volar plating DVRTM. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 24 weeks of the follow-up, all patients had bone healing, no soft tissue complications, no screw displacement and plate fracture, and satisfactory imaging and functional assessment. Thus obtained, this approach for unstable distal radius fracture can provide anatomical fixation, exact fixation, low complication incidence. In addition, it is more flexible and resilient in the matching between the screw and plate. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Intra-articular calcaneal fracture surgical treatment with Kirschner wire assisted plate fixation plus local bone graft Chen Xiao-ming, Ma Hua-song, Liu Yu-zeng, Zhou Jian-wei, Wang Dong 2011, 15 (39):  7331-7335.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.028 Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (605KB) ( 491 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the in-depth understanding of foot biomechanics and calcaneal fracture, the curative effect on intra-articular calcaneal fracture continues to be improved. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nonlocking compression plates on intra-articular calcaneal fractures. METHODS: We performed 52 osteosynthesis (46 patients) of intra-articular calcaneal fractures using the standard extended lateral approach from February 2004 to October 2007. Nonlocking calcaneal plates were performed in the 46 patients. Preoperatively, all patients were checked by three-dimensional CT. According to Sander’s type, there were 20 feet of Ⅱ fracture, 16 of Ⅲ fracture, and 16 of Ⅳ fractures. Reconstruction of the calcaneal shape was attempted. During operation, we performed Kirschner wire assisted subtalar distraction bone block and osteosynthesis with lateral-wall compression plate insertion in all cases. The patients were evaluated by the Maryland Scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All 46 patients were followed up for 1-3 years. Poor wound healing was in 2/46 cases, and traumatic arthritis in 4 cases. No patient had deep osseous infection. According to the Maryland Scale, good was in 38 feet, fair in 9 feet and poor in 3 feet, with an excellent rate of 90%. Kirschner wire assisted plate fixation plus local bone graft is satisfied in the treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of two methods for the treatment of Tossy type Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation: Minimally invasive coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction and clavicular hook interior fixation Liu Yi, Cui Zhi-ming, Cui Sheng-yu, Cui Dao-ran, Yan Jian-jun 2011, 15 (39):  7336-7339.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.029 Abstract ( 426 )   PDF (562KB) ( 504 )   Save BACKGROUND: Crossing Kirschner wire, Kirschner’s tension-band, coracoclavicular screw, and bridging technique have no satisfactory effects on Tossy type Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effects of two methods to treat Tossy type Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation with minimally invasive coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction and clavicular hook interior fixation. METHODS: A total of 63 patients with Tossy type Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation were treated with minimally invasive coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction and clavicle hook interior fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to Karlsson evaluation standard, the excellent rate in group Ⅰ was 92% at the end of the first month, 88% in the third month after operation. Meanwhile the excellent rate in group Ⅱ was 79% at the first month, 76% in the third month after operation. The difference of the excellent rate between these two groups were significant (P < 0.05). Compared to the clavicular hook interior fixation, the minimally invasive coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction is more convenient, safe and effective for Tossy type Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation with less trauma. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Medical image processing based on outlier analysis Feng Min, Yin Shan-shan 2011, 15 (39):  7340-7342.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.030 Abstract ( 346 )   PDF (394KB) ( 311 )   Save BACKGROUND: Due to the low resolution of naked eyes, many small details and texture changes in morphology are not easy to be found, it will affect the early judgement of diseases. OBJECTIVE: To provide a new way of thinking and methods for the computer diagnosis of diseases in digital medical images, which helps doctors to detect and diagnose the early malignant lesions and improve diagnostic efficiency and accuracy. METHODS: Outlier data mining technique was used to analyze large data sets, extract the hidden, unnoticed, and easily discarded, but very useful information, and find out the rules and patterns of medical diagnosis to assist doctors to diagnose disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Experiments show that outlier analysis algorithm based on clustering of the medical image pixels is feasible for the brain lesions. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Color segmentation method for monitoring devices in hospital emergency wards Liu Dan 2011, 15 (39):  7343-7346.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.031 Abstract ( 286 )   PDF (485KB) ( 280 )   Save BACKGROUND: Along with the development of science and technology, the traditional emergency wards monitoring equipment identification system is gradually backward; it does not meet the emergency care needs very well. OBJECTIVE: To propose a new color segmentation method for monitoring devices used in hospital emergency, and to improve the previous instrument identification system by adding a new color image segmentation method to the traditional instrument recognition system for monitoring devices. METHODS: The appropriate threshold was used to get the right scale part directly, by histogram and chromatic aberration analysis in HSI space. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Through a great deal of experiments, this method fully uses the color information, its speed is quick, effect is good, and error rate is very small. It is very suitable to apply in the hospital emergency medical treatment ward guardianship equipment's recognition analysis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Design of a portable medical sine-wave inverter Zhao Qiang, Cui Chang 2011, 15 (39):  7347-7350.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.032 Abstract ( 358 )   PDF (571KB) ( 403 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, the medical device is toward smaller, portable development. Portable medical equipments are mainly powered by lithium batteries. Battery life is weak, unable to work in the wild. OBJECTIVE: In order to improve power reliability and endurance of portable medical devices, to design a high efficiency, credible and low cost sine-wave inverter. METHODS: High frequency inverter technology is selected. It contains high frequency transformer, which can fulfill voltage ratio regulation and electricity isolation, push-pull converter and single-phase bridge circuit as the main circuit, degrade noise, raise efficiency, reduce voltage ripple. Power switching tube adopts a RCVD cushion circuit to ensure safety working. Sine pulse width modulation as control form is selected by using integrated circuit SG3524 and ICL8038. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The experimental model machine reduces the volume to 1/4 of the traditional inverter, system efficiency reaches 86%. The experimental result indicates the distortion factor of the output voltage waveform is less than 5% and output is 220 V/50 Hz commercial power in complicated operating mode. The Inverter can be used as a power supply battery that is simple, credible, easy to debug. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Interactive three-dimensional segmentation based on watershed algorithm Ji Jian-peng, Li Li-hua, Yang Rong-qian, Wu Xiao-ming 2011, 15 (39):  7351-7354.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.033 Abstract ( 426 )   PDF (543KB) ( 982 )   Save BACKGROUND: The accurate three-dimensional (3D) segmentation of human tissue can improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis, the traditional gradient watershed segmentation has the over-segmentation problem which makes the 3D segmentation of human tissue hard to implement. OBJECTIVE: In order to segment human tissue’s 3D structure and reduce the influence of the pseudo-minima points on image segmentation, to propose an interactive 3D segmentation method based on marker-controlled watershed algorithm. METHODS: The internal and external markers of CT sequence images were extracted, then the gradient images were modified to segment the images. According to the similarity of neighbouring slices, we segmented the 3D structure of human tissue using human-computer interactive method. We first selected a point from the interested area in the first slice. Then we could extract the interested area from the 3D slices by using the overlap relationship of tissues on continuous CT slices. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The marker-controlled watershed algorithm solves the over-segmentation problem which segmenting the original gradient images meets. The proposed method makes it possible to make the further segmentation. The results suggest that, the segmented result using interactive 3D segmentation based on watershed algorithm can clearly and accurately shows the 3D features of the tissue. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Design and implementation of a medical image software system based on linux platform Guo Hao, Yang Xiang-hong, Li De-hong, Li Gong-yuan, Wang Yi, Xue Qiang, Yan He-meng 2011, 15 (39):  7355-7359.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.034 Abstract ( 362 )   PDF (693KB) ( 423 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the success of VTK and ITK software development kits, researchers from medical imaging are paying more and more attention to the software development in this field. OBJECTIVE: To put forward a medical imaging software system framework based on the seamless combination of VTK and ITK METHODS: The system framework was composed of integration of visual software package and image processing package, volume data processing, synchronous visualization and measurement analysis of volume data, integrating medical imaging data and pathology information management. And software system was implemented on linux platform. Volume data of upper airway were used to verify the feasibility and validity of system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The system is able to do visualization and image processing on volume data. MySQL is used to reasonably manage medical record and medical imaging data, uncertainty of measurement is less than 1% in volume and length. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A system of motor imaging brain-computer interface based on LabVIEW Zhou Ya, He Qing-hua, Jiao Xiao-bo 2011, 15 (39):  7360-7363.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.035 Abstract ( 370 )   PDF (738KB) ( 569 )   Save BACKGROUND: The brain-computer interface (BCI) based on event-related potential can be widely used in the rehabilitation of disabled patients, showing its importance and the feasibility of future implementation. OBJECTIVE: To present the realization of BCI based on motor imaging under LabVIEW. METHODS: The critical parts of the solution are the realization of the visual stimulation and the feature extraction of electroencephalogram (EEG). The testee fixates on playback images of the left and right hand on the screen, which can induce EEG. The band pass filtering is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The EEG data intercepted with the sliding window have been analyzed from the perspective of time-domain energy and obtained the feature extraction of motor imaging EEG. On-line feature extraction lays the foundation for the realization of real-time system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The program can effectively extract the features of motor imagery, and effectively conduct a classification by off-line pattern recognition, with classification results achieving 82%. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Histopathological changes of discogenic low back pain Guo Tuan-mao, Chen Zhong-ning, Wang Zhong-gui 2011, 15 (39):  7366-7370.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.037 Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (596KB) ( 424 )   Save BACKGROUND: Discogenic low back pain is a loss of lower back function with pain. While the external outline of the disc remains intact, and multiple processes (degeneration, end plate injury, inflammation, etc.) can internally stimulate pain receptors inside the disc without nerve root symptoms. Additionally, there is no root symptom, and no radiological evidence of segmental activities. OBJECTIVE: To overview the pathology, clinical diagnostic specificity, sensitivity and security and controversial point of diagnostic methods on discogenic low back pain. METHODS: The first author searched literatures related to the diagnosis of discogenic low back pain from CNKI, PubMed and EMBASE databases from 1970 to 2010. Repetitive articles were excluded, RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 42 papers were selected. At present, there are several clinical diagnostic methods of discogenic low back pain according to the pathological changes, including centralization phenomenon and bony vibration test in physical examinations, the “dark” discs, high-density zones and Modic changes on MRI, discography disc ultrasound examination,   and the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in serology. Lumbar discography which has high sensitivity and specificity is the preferred diagnostic method. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The research processes of in vivo kinematics of the cervical spine He Jin-liang, Xia Qun 2011, 15 (39):  7371-7374.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.038 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (624KB) ( 449 )   Save BACKGROUND: The research of in vivo kinematics of the cervical spine can obtain the characteristics of cervical motion in physiological load by invasive or non-invasive method, which will provide the guidelines and reference for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cervical degeneration diseases. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the current research methods and their respective characteristics of in vivo kinematics of the cervical spine. METHODS: The computer-based search was done in PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn) for articles published with the English key words of “Spine, cervical, in vivo motion” and the Chinese key words of “Spine, cervical, measurement, rang of motion”. Ultimately a total of 238 literatures were searched and 30 literatures were included for review according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The research of in vivo kinematics of the cervical spine can obtain the quantitative data of each joint 6DOF of the cervical vertebra. It has an important role in improving the level of awareness of cervical movement in physiological load, knowing more about the kinematic characteristics of cervical spine degeneration and optimizing the clinical diagnosis and treatment programme of cervical diseases. At the same time, it can provide indispensable data for the development of artificially vertebral articulatory and internal fixation, especially the fusion of internal fixation. The research of in vivo kinematics of the cervical spine has been investigated by using X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound, electromagnetism and so on. However, the present data cannot provide a reference standard for understanding normal conditions. The future research of in vivo kinematics of the cervical spine needs to be advanced gradually. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Lumbar zygapophysial joint fusion: From bone graft to screws and fusion cages Cui Dao-ran, Bao Guo-feng, Cui Zhi-ming 2011, 15 (39):  7375-7378.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.039 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (584KB) ( 686 )   Save BACKGROUND: Lumbar zygapophysial joint is an important post-column structure, of which the fixation and fusion has been relatively widely used in the lumbar posterior surgery. OBJECTIVE: To describe the advantages, disadvantages and efficacy of different fusion technologies of lumbar zygapophysial joint. METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for the literatures about lumbar zygapophysial joint fusion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The traditional fusion method of zygapophycial joint is to make V slot and then to implant cancellous bone, which does not need wide dissection, so it has the advantage of small trauma, less plant and high fusion rate, while it has the defect of poorer immediate stability as well. The method of using zygapophysial joint screws can improve fusion rate of bone graft, but it has the complications of fusion failure, less obvious postoperative symptoms ease, screw loose and fracture, hard film rent and nerve damage caused by screw puncture to sedation. And the usage of oval fusion cage is beneficial to the full contact of fusion cage and joint surface, and then to improve the stability and shift resistance ability of the fusion cage. At present, the research of lumbar zygapophysial joint fusion is far less than that of the posterolateral fusion, so it is important to systematically study the biomechanics, clinical curative effects and complications much further. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research and application of transcranial direct current stimulation Liu Pan, Liu Shi-wen 2011, 15 (39):  7379-7383.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.040 Abstract ( 581 )   PDF (586KB) ( 1244 )   Save BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method, which is capable of modulating the excitability of targeted brain regions by passing a weak electric current through the cortex via two stimulating electrodes placed on the scalp. OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the basic principle, stimulus program, advantages and adverse effects and especially the application in stroke and spinal cord diseases. METHODS: The first author retrieved 1995/2011 PubMed database and Foreign Medical Journal Service. Key words were “tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation, noninvasive brain stimulation, stroke” in English and; “transcranial direct current stimulation, noninvasive brain stimulation” in Chinese.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Anodal stimulation increases cortical excitability in the stimulated brain tissue while cathodal stimulation decreases it. It is a kind of old research methods, although the research is intermittent. But in recent years it has become a hotspot and has been made a lot of achievements. tDCS, a portable, safe, non-invasive, brain stimulation technique, which is capable of modulating the excitability of targeted brain regions, and especially a sham mode allowing controlled experiments and randomized controlled clinical trials is bring new hope for patients of central nervous system diseases. At present, it has illuminated the basic principle, and enters clinical second test stage. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Thermal field of microwave ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation: Application of computer simulation Zhang Hui-juan, Ding Jin-li, Nan Qun, Liu You-jun 2011, 15 (39):  7384-7387.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.041 Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (728KB) ( 794 )   Save BACKGROUND: Microwave ablation is a new technology for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. And we lack experience in the clinical application of microwave ablation both at home and abroad. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the situation and progression about the study on thermal field of microwave ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation at home and abroad. METHODS: The databases of CNKI, EI and SCI were selected to search the related articles about the thermal field of microwave ablation. The keywords were “ablation, atrial fibrillation, microwave, thermal field” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Microwave catheter ablations make refined mapping of targeted spots which induce arrhythmia, cause coagulative necrosis to targeted spots and the adjacent cardiac tissue, and make damage to tachycardia lesions and pathway to eliminate arrhythmia. Computer simulation of thermal field can comprehensively reflect the thermal distribution and help medical workers to get an intuitive understanding of the therapeutic process before ablation surgery and put forward a detailed surgical plan. Simulation results, heating time and intensity can be modified during surgical operation according to certain parameters to achieve desired treatment results. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Pathological changes of loosening bone around the implanted hip prosthesis Wan Yan-xi, Meng Xiang-ying 2011, 15 (39):  7388-7391.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.042 Abstract ( 246 )   PDF (704KB) ( 301 )   Save BACKGROUND: Wear particles are the important potential factor leading to periprosthetic osteolysis, but the cause of periprosthetic osteolysis and its development process are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the vale of pathological examination in the diagnosis of infection after total joint arthroplasty based on review of pathological sections after total joint arthroplasty. METHODS: The first author searched PubMed and CNKI databases (1990/2008) for articles about loosening bone around the implanted hip prosthesis and relevant pathological changes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The gap between the prosthesis and bone is filled with the interface membrane, and wear particles induce the interface membrane to release inflammatory cytokines leading to loosening prosthesis. To minimize wear debris generation can reduce the release of inflammatory neurotransmitters. The incidence of loosening prosthesis after total joint arthroplasty can be reduced by decreasing the osteolytic changes of the interface membrane. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of methylprednisolone on the prevention of fat embolism syndrome after diaphyseal fractures of the lower limb: A Meta-analysis Zhao Zhi-gang, Jia Xin-hua, Kan Wu-sheng, Li Peng 2011, 15 (39):  7392-7395.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.043 Abstract ( 368 )   PDF (515KB) ( 344 )   Save BACKGROUND: Fat embolism syndorome is common in patients with diaphyseal fractures of the lower limb. Corticosteroids are the main preventive and treatment method. However, there are different results in various relevant studies. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of methylprednisolone on the prevention of fat embolism syndrome after diaphyseal fractures of the lower limb. METHODS: By searching Medline, EMBSE, CENTRAL, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases, we collected both domestic and overseas published randomized controlled trials about the effect of methylprednisolone on the prevention of fat embolism syndrome after diaphyseal fractures of the lower limb. The outcome was measured by relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Six trials that included a total of 410 patients were analyzed in the systematic review. 184 patients were in the methylprednisolone group and 206 patients were in the placebo group. The pooled relative risk for developing fat embolism syndrome was 0.20 (95%CI=0.09-0.43, Z=4.07, P=0.000) in the methylprednisolone group as compared with the control group. The methylprednisolone decreased the risk of developing fat embolism syndrome after diaphyseal fractures of the lower limb. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of POSSUM Score System and its modification in evaluating post-operative risk for arthroplasties  Zhou Mi, Zhang Shu-ming, Fu Jie, Chen Fu-wen, Qiao Lin, Wang Kui-you, Liu Zhi-gang 2011, 15 (39):  7396-7398.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.044 Abstract ( 291 )   PDF (467KB) ( 442 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is important to predict the risks of arthroplasties before operation. Among the systems of prediction of morbidity and mortality, POSSUM and P-POSSUM scores have been proved to be the most reliable scoring systems. However, its application in arthroplasties is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scores in predicting morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing arthroplasties． METHODS: From 2008-01 to 2010-10, 186 patients underwent arthroplasties were studied retrospectively using POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring systems to predict the morbidity and mortality. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no statistically difference between the patients with complications predicted by POSSUM (32 cases, 17%) and the observed (28 cases, 15%) within 30 days after implantation (P > 0.05). The observed deaths number (5 cases, 3%) also had no significant difference from the predicted value by P-POSSUM (2 cases, 1%). POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring systems showed satisfied predictive ability of morbidity and mortality. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical pathway to treat lumbar disc herniation: Cost control and effective evaluation Lu Shen, Chen Qiu-yan, Fan Zhao-hui, Xi Jiang-ming 2011, 15 (39):  7399-7402.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.045 Abstract ( 287 )   PDF (550KB) ( 446 )   Save BACKGROUND: Clinical pathway is widely used in U.S. and European hospitals as a successful method to control medical costs. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of controlling medical costs after implementation of clinical pathway. METHODS: The corresponding clinical pathway was designed based on the clinical pathway of Ministry of Health and hospital practice, and a comparison study was peformed in the medical costs of the clinical pathway group and the control group in the way of setting up database through the hospital information system and statistically analyzing the related data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared to the control group, the total length of the hospital stay, the length of the hospital stay before and after surgery, the total medical costs, the surgery medical costs and medical care costs before and after surgery in hospital were declined in patients who took clinical pathways (P < 0.05). It means that the clinical pathway practice can decline the length of hospital stay, reduce medical costs, standardize the diagnosis and treatment behavior and conserve the health resources. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Relationship between gene polymorphisms and hereditary susceptibility of steroid-induced femoral head osteonecrosis in Linyi City of Shandong Province Wei Biao-fang 2011, 15 (39):  7403-7406.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.046 Abstract ( 396 )   PDF (303KB) ( 370 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is associated with hereditary susceptibility. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms and syndrome types in steroid-induced ONFH in populations from Linyi city, China.  METHODS: The total dose of steroid, and the genetic polymorphisms of ApoB C7623T, G12619A, CYP1A2 G2964A sites were determined by polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction combined with the sequencing analysis in 63 cases with ONFH by consecutive steroid therapy and 71 controlled cases without ONFH. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the total dose of steroid between two groups. The frequencies of ApoB C7623T TT genotype and CYP1A2 G2964A AG genotype in patients with ONFH were significantly higher than those without ONFH (P < 0.05). These experimental findings indicate that, ApoB C7623T and CYP1A2 G2964A polymorphisms may be associated to the susceptibility to steroid-induced ONFH, and the synergetic effect of these polymorphisms contributes to the onset of ONFH. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Delayed diagnosed developmental dysplasia of the hip got remission effectively through Neurac technique:A case report with 6 months follow-up Yang Lin, Yang Yong-hong, He Cheng-qi 2011, 15 (39):  7407-7410.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.39.047 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (389KB) ( 453 )   Save BACKGROUND: Joint instability may be a key agent contributing to the progress of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Neurac technique is a new modality focused on activating neuromuscular function and improving joint stability. Neurac technique may be helpful for delayed diagnosed DDH. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Neurac training on DDH patients. METHODS: A female patient of 23 years old with delayed diagnosed DDH received Neurac training for 14 days was retrospective analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The pain was relieved at 14 day after treatment. The Harris scoring showed that the hip function was improved. At 6 months follow-up, the results indicated that the remission was kept fine. Patient with delayed diagnosed DDH may get fine remission of pain and function through Neurac treatments. The effectiveness can last for a long time. Related Articles | Metrics