Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (21): 4602-4611.doi: 10.12307/2025.812
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Lin Qing1, Liu Huan2, Cheng Yongzhong3, Jiang Junjie2, Li Yongyao3, Li Guangyao1
Received:
2024-04-10
Accepted:
2024-07-06
Online:
2025-07-28
Published:
2024-12-07
Contact:
Cheng Yongzhong, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, First Department of Trauma, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
About author:
Lin Qing, Master candidate, Physician, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
Supported by:
CLC Number:
Lin Qing, Liu Huan, Cheng Yongzhong, Jiang Junjie, Li Yongyao, Li Guangyao. Meta-analysis of external stent fixation and internal plate fixation for treatment of comminuted distal radius fractures[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2025, 29(21): 4602-4611.
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2.2 纳入研究文献方法学质量评价结果 纳入的8个研究均采用随机数字表法[18-25],采用分配隐藏,评价为低风险;1个研究描述了测量盲法[25],评价为低风险,其余研究均未描述是否采取分配盲法、测量盲法,评价为不清楚;4个研究存在退出失访情 况[18,22-23,25],均将退出失访人员剔除研究,其余研究不存在退出失访情况,均评价为低风险。所有研究不存在选择性报告研究结果,评价为低风险。所有研究基线数据均具有可比性,其他偏倚来源均评价为低风险。详见图3,4。 2.3 Meta分析结果 2.3.1 临床疗效 4个研究报告了临床疗效优良率[19-21,24],临床疗效总优良率=(优+良)/总人数×100%,均属于粉碎性关节内骨折。统计学异质性显著(I2=76%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示,差异无显著性意义[RR=1.05,95%CI(0.86,1.29),P=0.62],见图5。"
2.3.2 影像学相关指标 (1)掌倾角:6个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的掌倾角(单位:°)[18-21,23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后即刻和术后12个月的掌倾角。统计学异质性显著(I2=67%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后即刻,差异无显著性意义[MD=-0.45,95%CI(-2.63,1.73),P=0.69];术后12个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-1.50,95%CI(-2.07,-0.92), P < 0.000 01],见图6。 (2)尺偏角:6个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的尺偏角(单位:°)[18-21,23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后即刻和术后12个月的尺偏角。统计学异质性显著(I2=83%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后即刻,差异无显著性意义[MD=0.77,95%CI(-0.23,1.78),P=0.13];术后12个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-0.89,95%CI(-3.02,1.24),P=0.41],见图7。 (3)桡骨高度:3个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的桡骨高度(单位:mm)[19,23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后即刻和术后12个月的桡骨高度。统计学异质性不显著(I2=0%),采用固定效应模型分析,结果显示术后即刻,差异无显著性意义[MD=-0.06,95%CI(-0.76,0.64),P=0.87];术后12个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-0.27,95%CI(-1.04,0.49),P=0.49],见图8。"
2.3.3 握力 2个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的握力(单位:kg)[22-23],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的握力。统计学异质性显著(I2=86%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-4.31,95%CI(-9.36,0.75),P=0.09];术后12个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-4.59,95%CI(-7.52,-1.65), P=0.002],见图9。 2.3.4 腕关节活动范围 (1)背伸:3个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的背伸范围(单位:°)[22-23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的背伸范围。统计学异质性显著(I2=62%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-4.94,95%CI (-8.21,-1.68),P=0.003];术后12个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-4.43, 95%CI(-9.28,0.42),P=0.07],见图10。 (2)掌屈:3个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的掌屈范围(单位:°)[22-23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的掌屈范围。统计学异质性不显著(I2=26%),采用固定效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-5.16,95%CI(-6.59,-3.72),P < 0.000 01];术后12个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-2.76,95%CI(-4.55,-0.97),P=0.003],见图11。"
(3)旋前:3个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的旋前范围(单位:°)[22-23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的旋前范围。统计学异质性显著(I2=62%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-2.96,95%CI(-6.64,0.72),P=0.12];术后12个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-1.45,95%CI(-2.85,-0.04),P=0.04],见图12。 (4)旋后:3个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的旋后范围(单位:°)[22-23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的旋后范围。统计学异质性不显著(I2=48%),采用固定效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-3.97,95%CI(-6.13,-1.80),P=0.000 3];术后12个月,差异有显著性意义[MD=-2.80,95%CI(-4.67,-0.94),P=0.003],见图13。 (5)桡偏:2个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的桡偏范围(单位:°)[23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的桡偏范围。统计学异质性显著(I2=88%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-3.23,95%CI(-10.57,4.12),P=0.39];术后12个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-1.17,95%CI(-4.89,2.56),P=0.54],见图14。"
(6)尺偏:2个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的尺偏范围(单位:°)[23,25],根据随访时间的不同进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后3,12个月的尺偏范围。统计学异质性显著(I2=80%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示术后3个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-2.89,95%CI(-7.10,1.32),P=0.18];术后12个月,差异无显著性意义[MD=-0.72,95%CI(-4.92,3.49),P=0.74],见图15。 2.3.5 安全性评价 5个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的不良反应发生率[18,22-25],根据术后不良反应的症状进行亚组分析,分别比较了术后感染、腕管综合征、复杂区域疼痛综合征和神经损伤。统计学异质性不显著(I2=0%),采用固定效应模型分析,结果显示术后感染方面,差异有显著性意义[RR=4.04,95%CI(1.55,10.51),P=0.004];术后腕管综合征方面,差异无显著性意义[RR=0.78,95%CI(0.24,2.47),P=0.67];术后复杂区域疼痛综合征方面,差异无显著性意义[RR=2.39,95%CI(0.83,6.92),P=0.11];术后神经损伤方面,差异无显著性意义[RR=0.96,95%CI(0.30,3.08),P=0.94],见图16。 2.3.6 骨折愈合时间 2个研究报告了外固定与内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的骨折愈合时间[19,25],统计学异质性显著(I2=88%),采用随机效应模型分析,结果显示,差异无显著性意义[SMD=0.04,95%CI(-1.00,1.08),P=0.94],见图17。 2.4 异质性分析 此次Meta分析有较多异质性较大的结果,通过一一剔除纳入文献检验异质性进行敏感性分析,未发现明显导致异质性高的文献来源。因此,异质性高的原因可能与医生手术经验、护理康复经验、医院设施不一致等临床异质性有关。 2.5 发表偏倚评价 此次纳入文献8篇,未超过10篇,不需要制作漏斗图以检测其是否存在发表偏倚。"
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