Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (17): 3624-3631.doi: 10.12307/2025.189

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Animal model of cervical spondylosis and its internal molecular mechanism

Qian Jiaming1, Wang Xiaole2, Fang Ting2, Zhou Maosheng2, Liu Fushui1, 2   

  1. 1Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Received:2024-02-27 Accepted:2024-04-29 Online:2025-06-18 Published:2024-11-02
  • Contact: Liu Fushui, Professor, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Qian Jiaming, Doctoral candidate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82360940 (to LFS); Key Project of Jiangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 20224ACB206041 (to LFS); Jiangxi Province Graduate Innovation Special Fund Project, No. YC2023-B223 (to QJM) 

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are many problems to completely transform clinical diseases into animal models, but the ideal animal model is the premise of the mechanism research of cervical spondylosis, and it is very important to select the appropriate animal model of cervical spondylosis.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the species, sex, age, type of cervical spondylosis model and its internal molecular mechanism of animal models of cervical spondylosis in detail so as to explore how to select suitable animal models for experimental research of cervical spondylosis.
METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, WanFang, VIP, and CNKI databases were searched with Chinese and English search terms “cervical spondylosis, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type, neck type cervical spondylosis, unbalanced dynamic and static forces, joint injury, neck pain, animal model.” According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature was screened, and finally 61 articles were included for review and analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Rats are the most commonly used animals, and males seem to be more popular. It is recommended to use young adult animals. According to the characteristics of molding, cervical spondylosis models were divided into cervical spondylotic myelopath, cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, neck type cervical spondylosis, and other type cervical spondylosis. The advantages and disadvantages of various modeling methods were evaluated. Based on the studies of existing animal models, the molecular mechanism of cervical spondylosis was summarized. Therapeutic signals mediate nuclear factor-κB, phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and other pathways to regulate the biological processes of inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy of spinal cord, nerve root, intervertebral disc, muscle and other tissues, and ultimately delay the progression of cervical spondylosis. The quality of some studies is poor, and the clinical compatibility is not high. In the future, it is necessary to further standardize the animal model of cervical spondylosis, formulate relevant guidelines, improve the credibility of the research results, and lay a solid foundation for further human clinical trials.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: cervical spondylosis, animal model, molecular mechanism, spinal cord, nerve root, cervical muscle, intervertebral disc

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