Stress analysis of angled abutments of maxillary central incisor implant crown in different implant spacing

doi:10.12307/2025.416

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the multi-tooth dental implant restoration, different implant spacing and abutment angle affect the distribution of stress within the implant components and surrounding bone tissue. The balance of stress distribution between the restoration and bone tissue directly determines the performance and stability of the dental implants.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of different implant spacing configurations and abutment angulations on stress distribution within the implant components and surrounding bone tissue.

METHODS: The CT image data of a patient requiring upper anterior implant restoration were extracted from the CT database. The maxillary bone model was created using Mimics 21.0 software, processed in Geomagic, and imported into SolidWorks 21.0 software for constructing the maxillary central incisor implant crown restoration model. ANSYS Workbench 21.0 software was employed to apply different abutment angulations (0°, 10°, 20°, and 30°) to the models with implant spacing of 3.0, 2.5, and 2.0 mm, followed by stress analysis of the implant and surrounding bone tissue.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the groups with 3.0, 2.5, and 2.0 mm implant spacing, the peak stress values of the implant components increased with increasing abutment angulation. Among all groups, the highest peak stress values for both the implant and its components were observed in the models with 30° abutment angulation, specifically at the connection between the fixation screw and the angled abutment. When utilizing a 30° abutment angulation, the surrounding bone tissue experienced the highest stress levels. (2) Stress concentration was predominantly found on the buccal and lingual sides of the cortical bone in all models. (3) The stress distribution and values within the bone between implants increased as the implant spacing decreased, with the 0° and 10° abutment angulation models consistently exhibiting significantly lower stress levels compared to the 20° and 30° models. (4) The results showed that the abutment angulation and implant spacing had certain effects on the stress distribution of bone tissue around the implant. When the abutment angulation increased, the implant was subjected to axial and oblique loads, and the stress pattern around the implant increased. The 30° abutment implant had a greater stress on bone tissue, reaching the bone resorption threshold of cortical bone. The repair stress of 10° and 20° abutments is less than that of 30° abutments, and the repair stress of more than 20° abutments should be carefully considered when selecting abutments clinically.

Key words: implant prosthesis, angled abutment, finite element analysis, biomechanics, stress analysis, abutment, implant spacing

CLC Number:

Mawulanjiang · Abudurenmu, Zilalai · Julaiti, Baibujiafu · Yelisi, Gulizainu · Yibulayin, Nijiati · Tuerxun. Stress analysis of angled abutments of maxillary central incisor implant crown in different implant spacing[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2025, 29(16): 3351-3359.

Figures/Tables 8

References

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