Optimization design and simulation analysis of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint structure

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.48.004

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that traditional models of atlanto-axial joints have good biomechanical properties, but they cannot completely meet the requirements of the human body. Based on the basis of predecessors’ research, this article will explore a kind of atlanto-axial joint which can not only prevent its instability but also make the structure of axis parts a certain flexibility to make it meet the needs of the human body through the analysis of the requirement of atlanto-axial vertebral joints.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the torque change at the junction of cranial cervical vertebra lateral atlanto-axial joint by using finite element analysis, and discuss three-dimensional motion mechanical properties and fatigue life and safety factor of the atlanto-axial vertebral models using statics analysis.

METHODS: Fatigue analysis was conducted in the static analysis for the optimized structure in the three-dimensional atlanto-axial vertebral models using finite element analysis. Torque of 0.5 N•m was put on the fixed plate. The performance and life span of the optimized model were evaluated by analyzing the results of simulation analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The traditional model of the atlanto-odontoid joint is fixed by a pin in the body. The axis cannot rotate and the appearance is defective. The optimized artificial atlanto-odontoid joint can rebuild the good stability of atlanto-axial joints and can retain its movement function. The improved structure not only has a certain rotating angle, but also can limit the rotating angle of the model in a certain torque by the limit block. Because of the actual requirements, in order to lay solid, easy to operate, keep the motor functioning and avoid injury, atlanto-odontoid joint should use titanium alloy material. The selection of parameters has certain requirements. These results suggested that the optimized artificial atlanto-odontoid joint has met the commands of creativity and utility, which has feasibility in mechanics. All the parameters meet the requirements in the optimized structure.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Atlanto-Axial Joint, Finite Element Analysis, Fatigue

CLC Number:

R318

Xiong Sheng, Chen Xi-liang, Wang Yun-feng, Hu Yong. Optimization design and simulation analysis of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint structure[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2016, 20(48): 7169-7174.

Figures/Tables 1

2.1 寰枢椎关节有限元模型的特点实验建立的寰枢椎关节有限元模型外观逼真，与实物几何相似性好。寰枢部位、旋转轴套和限位块共包含19 088个节点， 10 288个单元；枢椎部位共包含15 957个节点，8 254个单元。通过对模型进行大致的实验和分析可知，模型在正常和旋转工况下各部位体外实验结果和模型在相似载荷和边界条件下的结果大体相同，应力云图与优化前的对比也验证了模型的可行性和优越性。 2.2 寰枢椎关节有限元模型的数据分析结果通过对改进后的寰齿关节模型进行力学分析和疲劳分析后得到的具体数据可知：由图3A知当对寰齿关节模型施加0.5 N•m的转矩后，模型最大变形在右侧固定板的右下角处，为1.645 3×10-5 mm，前弓板的孔右下侧变形为0；由图3B知固定板的最小应力集中在中心轴上，为4.775 6×10-11 Mpa，最大应力集中在枢椎连接台底部，为0.07 MPa；由图3C知齿状突的弹性应变较小，为6.643 8×10-12-4.856 2×10-8 mm/mm，此数据皆满足要求，故不会发生断裂；由图4A知进行疲劳分析后可知寰齿关节模型关键部位齿状突的疲劳寿命为3×106 cycles；由图4B知寰枢关节模型的安全系数为最大值15。由仿真分析结果可知，此寰枢关节模型的安全系数为15；按1个正常成年人寰枢关节每天运动200 cycles计算，可知此寰枢关节模型可正常使用40年以上；绕枢椎连接台中心轴施加0.5 N•m转矩后，寰枢关节模型所受应力为(0.07-4.78)×10-11 MPa。前路经寰枢关节锁定钛板内固定下应力集中部位主要为螺钉经枢椎连接台底部及钉孔部，其最大值出现在枢椎连接台底部，应力大小为0.07 MPa。综上可知，优化后的寰枢关节模型的安全性能，疲劳寿命和强度均满足要求。"

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