Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 2515-2524.doi: 10.12307/2026.608

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Fatigue induction protocols for the lumbar extensor muscles

Xing Cong    

  1. Department of Physical Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China 
  • Received:2025-03-10 Accepted:2025-05-30 Online:2026-04-08 Published:2025-08-29
  • About author:Xing Cong, PhD, Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Supported by:
     the Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education, No. 20YJC890031 (to XC)

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  Fatigue of the lumbar extensor muscle group is an important factor causing symptoms of low back pain. It is also an important cause of the change in posture control strategy during exercise, the reduction in exercise efficiency and the increase in the risk of fall or local joint injury. Therefore, accurate and effective induction of lumbar extensor fatigue in laboratory or clinical conditions can help researchers better understand the body’s neuromuscular control status after lumbar extensor fatigue and explore the causes of related symptoms such as low back pain.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the action form, load setting, fatigue determination method and influencing factors that induce lumbar extensor fatigue, and to summarize the development of fatigue induction protocols for the lumbar extensor muscles.
METHODS: The first author selected “lumbar extensor group fatigue, low back pain, lumbar back muscle fatigue, lumbar back muscle endurance, muscle fatigue” as the Chinese search terms and “lumbar extensor muscles, trunk extensor muscles, spinal muscles, muscle endurance, muscles fatigue, muscles fatigue protocol and Sorensen test” as the English search terms. After searching in CNKI, PubMed and Web of Science databases, 68 relevant articles were finally included, including 4 Chinese and 64 English articles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are mainly three regimens of laboratory-induced lumbar extensor fatigue: Sorensen propulsive stretching activity, sitting stretching activity and standing lifting activity. The fatigue activity of the lumbar extensor group is affected by the properties of muscle fatigue. The intensity of fatigue activities can be adjusted according to the relationship between the actual value and the expected value of the decrease in the maximum voluntary contraction force of the lumbar extensor muscle group. The fatigue status of the lumbar extensor muscle group can be determined quantitatively by combining the change inmyoelectric index with the decline in maximum voluntary contraction force of the muscle group. The individual differences among participants and the internode compensation characteristics of the human movement link are the primary factors influencing the fatigue effects of lumbar extensor muscles.


Key words: lumbar extensor muscles, fatigue protocol, muscle fatigue attribute, action form, load setting, fatigue judgment, influencing factors 

CLC Number: