Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 1981-1989.doi: 10.12307/2025.405

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Effect of surface roughness of polydimethylsiloxane on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under stretching conditions

Hu Zezun, Yang Fanlei, Xu Hao, Luo Zongping   

  1. Institute of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-02-22 Accepted:2024-04-13 Online:2025-04-08 Published:2024-08-20
  • Contact: Corresponding author: Xu Hao, Associate researcher, Institute of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China Co-corresponding author: Luo Zongping, Professor, Institute of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Hu Zezun, Master candidate, Institute of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China Yang Fanlei, Master candidate, Institute of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China Hu Zezun and Yang Fanlei contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 32071307 (to LZP); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 11802191 (to XH)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown that mechanical stimulation is essential for the lineage-specific differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. However, osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on surfaces with different roughnesses under mechanical stretching conditions is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects and action mechanisms of different roughness surfaces of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under stretching conditions. 
METHODS: Three morphologies with different roughnesses (PDMS-120M, PDMS-1000M, and PDMS-10000M) were constructed on PDMS surfaces by means of different grits of sandpaper (120 grits, 1 000 grits and 10 000 grits), and PDMS surfaces in contact with air served as a control group. With different amplitudes of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%, osteogenesis-related gene expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on different PDMS surfaces under static and stretching conditions was detected by RT-qPCR. RT-qPCR and western blot assay were used to detect the expression of SIRT1 gene and protein as well as osteogenesis-related genes and proteins in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on different roughness surfaces under 2% stretching conditions. Alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining were further used to observe the osteogenic differentiation ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on different PDMS surfaces under 2% stretching conditions.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the PDMS-1000M surface with a roughness of (13.51±2.11) µm had better osteogenic gene expression under static conditions. (2) Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the PDMS surface in contact with air had better osteogenic differentiation under 4% stretching conditions, while bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the PDMS-1000M surface had better osteogenic differentiation under 2% stretching conditions. (3) Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the PDMS-1000M surface with a roughness of (13.51±2.11) µm had better osteogenic differentiation under 2% stretching conditions, which may be related to activation of SIRT1 signaling pathway. 

Key words: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, osteogenic differentiation, mechanical stimulation, mechanical stretching, roughness, signaling pathway, SIRT1

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