Table of Content

23 April 2010, Volume 14 Issue 17 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Clinical significance of triple-phase bone scintigraphy in diagnosing peri-prosthetic infection following hip arthroplasty  Zhang Jiong, Feng Jian-min, Wang Yi, Yang Qing-ming, Liu Zhi-hong, He Chuan 2010, 14 (17):  3041-3045.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.001 Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (1634KB) ( 444 )   Save BACKGROUND: Aseptic loosening and infection are difficult to diagnose due to their similar clinical manifestations following total hip replacement. There lacks routine examinations or gold standard to diagnose peri-prosthetic infection. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of technetium-99m-labelled triphase isotope scinitigraphy in the diagnosis of peri-prosthetic infection following total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: A total of 11 patients with suspected peri-prosthetic infection were selected, with continuous hip pain, prosthesis loosening and abnormal serum indexes, including 7 males and 4 females, with an average age of 63.8 (53-74) years. The average time of prosthesis usage was 14.5 (0.5-30) years. The technetium 99m-labelled bone scintigraphy images were obtained to observe the density variation of the infection region during the blood flow phase, blood pool phase and late phase and compared with normal lateral limb. Time-radioactive uptake curve was made using software to analyze the diagnostic results. In addition, the diagnostic value of the triple-phase bone scinitigraphy was analyzed using the intraoperative frozen section results (neutrophil < 5 under 10 high power visual fields: no infection). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Of 11 patients, 2 cases showed negative result of triple-phase bone scinitigraphy, and intraoperative frozen section analysis showed < 5 polymorphonuclear cells per high-power field, who underwent one-stage revision surgery; 8 displayed positive result of triple-phase bone scinitigraphy, and intraoperative frozen section analysis showed > 5 polymorphonuclear cells per high-power field, who underwent two-stage revision surgery; 1 case showed negative result of triple-phase bone scinitigraphy but intraoperative frozen section analysis showed > 5 polymorphonuclear cells per high-power field, who also underwent two-stage revision surgery. Results show that positive results of triple-phase bone scintigraphy were related to peri-prosthetic infection, which has great value for revision surgery in combination with histopathological examination. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cervical kinematics following cervical intervertebral disc replacement: Validation of 55-case data Lu Zhong-dao, Zhai Ming-yu, Yang Yong, Liu Hai-ying 2010, 14 (17):  3046-3049.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.002 Abstract ( 111 )   PDF (1373KB) ( 440 )   Save BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has been considered the gold standard for treatment of symptomatic degenerative disc disease within the cervical spine. However, fusion may result in progressive degeneration of the adjacent segments. Artificial disc replacement seems to be promising, segmental motion and stability are preserved while the spinal canal has been enlarged, and the intervertebral disc biological mechanics has been preserved, but not leads to progressive degeneration of the adjacent segments. OBJECTIVE: To observe the functional outcome and kinematics after the Prodisc artificial neck intervertebral disc replacement. METHODS: A total of 55 cases (69 intervertebral discs), 29 males and 26 females, aged 48 (31-76) years were selected, including 14 with bi-segmental injury. There were 32 cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, 9 of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, and 14 of mixed type cervical spondylosis. Prodisc artificial neck intervertebral disc replacement was performed using anterior or oblique incision. Prospective data JOA score and kinematic measures were collected before surgery and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Range of motion was determined by independent radiologic assessment of flexion-extension radiographs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The 55 patients were followed-up, including 41 undergoing single segmental disc replacement and 14 undergoing bi-segmental disc replacement. They were followed up for 22 (56-48) months postoperatively. JOA scores displayed improved cervical function by 56%. Range of motion of sagittal and coronal planes were similar to those prior to operation compared with preoperatively (P = 0.45, 0.74), and the range of motion and stability were maintained as adjacent segments. Results showed that the artificial disc replacement maintained range of motion of original intervertebral disc, accelerated patient recovery, and slightly affected adjacent intervertebral disc. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Gastrocnemius muscle transfer for soft-tissue coverage and extensor mechanism reconstruction for limb-sparing resection of the proximal tibia  Xu Jian-qiang, Zhang Wei-bin, Wan Rong, Hao Ping, Yang Yao-qi, Ding Xiao-yi 2010, 14 (17):  3050-3053.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.003 Abstract ( 149 )   PDF (467KB) ( 447 )   Save BACKGROUND: The proximal tibia is the second common site for primary bony sarcomas, which lacks adequate soft tissue coverage. Resection and reconstruction by any technique leave the reconstructed area in a subcutaneous position. This has been a major source of necrosis of skin and infections. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of gastrocnemius muscle transfer to obtain soft-tissue coverage and extensor mechanism reconstruction for limb-sparing resection of the proximal tibia with endoprosthetic reconstruction. METHODS: From January 2001 to June 2008, 27 patients with osteosarcoma of the proximal tibia confirmed by biopsy were selected. All the tumours were assigned to stage IIB based on Enneking’s classical staging system. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Bacci，IOR/OS-N4) was utilized for the patients. All the patients adopted limb-sparing surgery, i.e. resection of proximal tibia with endoprosthetic reconstruction. A gastrocnemius flap was utilized to improve implant coverage and enhance the patellar tendon repair. MSTS was used to measure the functional status of patients with a sarcoma in the leg. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The follow-up was averagely 53.1 months. Of 27 patients, 2 cases (7%) died of lung metastasis within 2 years, 1(4%) suffered from amputation due to infection and underwent amputation. The others developed no complications or recurrence. The MSTS score was averagely 25.1 points. Results show that resection with endoprosthetic reconstruction utilizing a gastrocnemius muscle flap for osteosarcoma of the proximal tibia is reliable and predictable in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Multi-factor binary Logistic regression for early deep venous thrombosis following total hip replacement  Zang Xue-hui, Zha Zhen-gang, Feng Yong-hong, Gao Li-hua, Sun Hui 2010, 14 (17):  3054-3057.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.004 Abstract ( 170 )   PDF (541KB) ( 677 )   Save BACKGROUND: With further understanding of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following total hip replacement, reduction and prevention of DVT has become hot topic in clinical studies. The reports of DVT formation factors remain controversial due to small samples, little statistical significance, confusion of basic experimental and clinical results and lacks of science. OBJECTIVE: To explore the causes and factors for the early DVT following total hip replacement and summarize measures to prevent and treat early DVT to reduce incidence of complications. METHODS: A total of 1 780 cases of primary total hip replacement operation were analyzed retrospectively. The statistical indexes included sex, age, body mass, other system disease, previous hip joint operation, anesthesia, operative time, prosthetic fixation, blood transfusion, postoperative functional exercise, antithrombotics, and complication. Standardized database was built and analyzed by SPSS (version 13). Regression analysis was performed using Binary Logistic Regression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Of 1 780 cases, 136 had DVT. Age, other system diseases, anesthesia, prosthetic fixation, blood transfusion, postoperative functional exercise and antithrombotics were correlated with early DVT (P < 0.05). Old age, hypertension or diabetes, general anesthesia, fixation of bone cement, whole blood transfusion were the risk factors for early DVT following total hip replacement, while postoperative functional exercise and antithrombotics were the protective factors for DVT. The incidence rate of early complications can be reduced by the methods such as dealing with perioperative treatment carefully, effectively controlling the chronic diseases, efficient evaluation before surgery, precise manipulation, and the postoperative prophylactic treatment and nursing. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction of C 2-7 three-dimensional finite element model of normal adults Cheng Yong-geng, Wang Xin-wei, Yuan Wen 2010, 14 (17):  3058-3061.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.005 Abstract ( 161 )   PDF (552KB) ( 397 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the fast development of computer technology, biomechanical study of cervical vertebra is not limited in animal or human corpses, because computer model can provide a more accurate model. OBJECTIVE: To develop a three-dimensional, finite element model of a human C 2-7 based on previous studies, and to provide experimental data for the biomechanical study of the cervical spine. METHODS: A normal young 28-year-old male, without obvious cervical spondylosis history, was selected, and C-spine X-rays at posteroanterior, oblique, and over extension and over flexion position were performed to deplete cervical spondylosis. The CT scanning images were dealed with Software Mimics and Geomagic to obtain the finite element, and software ANSYS was used to study the response of the model. Under a 1.8 N•m segmental movement and force displacement response were observed and compared with abroad experimental results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The new finite element model was composed of six vertebrae (C 2-7), five discs (C 2/3-6/7) and main ligaments. The model consisted of solid elements with 23 348 nodes and 215 749 units. The results of the biomechanical study were better correlated with the available experimental data. It indicates that the finite element model of cervical spine at C 2-7 can be used to imitate the biomechanical experiment of cervical spine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Trabecular bone porosity measurement based on digital image processing Xu Jing-jing, Shen Li-xing, Zhao Gai-ping, Chen Qi-ou 2010, 14 (17):  3062-3064.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.006 Abstract ( 177 )   PDF (1024KB) ( 558 )   Save BACKGROUND: Traditional cancellous bone porosity detection methods such as direct method, gas expansion method, mercury injection method, density and osmotic suction measurement have many disadvantages, such as low efficiency, labor-intensive and complexity. OBJECTIVE: To process cancellous bone chips using MATLAB image processing method to calculate cancellous bone porosity. METHODS: Using MATLAB image processing method, the stained cancellous bone images were subjected to uneven lighting removal, image enhancement, binarization, removing interference objectives to obtain binary two-dimensional matrix. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Slice image was composed of bone and pore space. The slice image was segmented to calculate its porosity. This solves the problem of the inequality of light intensity and other interferences in image information that affect the statistics. The image processing and analysis methods of bone slices were performed using MATLAB, which can be used for cancellous bone porosity measurements and be used to explore the distribution and variation of porosity. Selecting different regions to calculate the different porosity of each area can be used to analyze the distribution of the pore. This method provides a method for the study of trabecular bone structure. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Programming of alveoli-implant finite elemental modeling software Qiu Min, Wei Ning-mei, Wang Ji-ling, Ding Hong 2010, 14 (17):  3065-3068.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.007 Abstract ( 182 )   PDF (1257KB) ( 438 )   Save BACKGROUND: The finite element method has been wildly used in stomatology, but, the modeling methods and models were different and lack of standard. There is not biomechanical analysis software which specialized indental implantology.  OBJECTIVE: To compile software that can generate alveoli-implant complex finite element models. METHODS: Based on PC, CAD, finite element analysis, database and electronic table software, software that includes the functions of modeling, database and assembles was programmed using Visual Basic for Application programming language. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Various kinds of alveoli-implant models could obtain though the software. A software package that can generate alveoli-implant finite element models rapidly and automatically could be compiled with the complex of AutoDesk Mechanical Desktop 2009DX, ANSYS Workbench 10.1 and Visual Basic for Application. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Biomechanical changes following bone cement injection by unilateral approach needle withdrawal versus bilateral fixation point during vertebroplasty: Finite element analysis  Long Quan-li, Mi Shi-jun 2010, 14 (17):  3069-3072.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.008 Abstract ( 124 )   PDF (1480KB) ( 356 )   Save BACKGROUND: The puncture approach and injection method of unilateral approach should be improved to obtain mechanical distribution of bilateral approach. Preliminary studies designed three-dimensional puncture guider and utilized withdrawal injection of bone cement, which improved clinical effect. However, the mechanical distribution of unilateral approach versus bilateral approach remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To analyze biomechanical changes during vertebroplasty with unilateral approach and withdrawal injection using a finite element analysis and compare with bilateral approach. METHODS: The primary image was from a male patient, 76 years old, with L1 osteoporosis and pain. The patient was subjected to operation in the injured vertebrae by unilateral approach, and the needle entrance point was at the left center of pedicle, with an oblique angle of 24.5°. The needle was inserted into the front one third of vertebrae body and 3 mL bone cement was injected. The needle was withdrawn to the middle of the vertebrae, maintained for 3 minutes, and 2 mL bone cement was injected. The needle was withdrawn to the posterior 1/3 of the vertebrae body, followed by injection of 1 mL bone cement. Bilateral approach was simulated, and each side was injected with 3 mL bone cement. L1-2 fault image was obtained and finite element model was established. Vertebral biomechanics was compared under loads of 500, 1 000, 1 500, 2 000, and 2 500 N on the supine surface. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The strain and stress were increased with increasing load. The vertebral bodies showed property of elasticity, and nearly linear minor deformity. There were no differences in stress distribution and deformity between bilateral fixation point and withdrawl injection of bone cement (P > 0.05). Results show that unilateral approach withdrawl injection of bone cement displayed similar biomechanics as bilateral fixation point during vertebroplasty. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of dental implant surface roughness on guiding osteoblasts chemotaxis and osseointegration: Clinical application of Straumann implant system Xu Hao, Zhao Bao-dong 2010, 14 (17):  3073-3077.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.009 Abstract ( 151 )   PDF (2007KB) ( 584 )   Save BACKGROUND: As a new-type and effective restoration means of dentition defect and edentulous, implant denture is a restoration method most closely related to natural teeth, and is accepted by more and more patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of non-submerged dental implants with sandblasted and acid-etched surface preparation (Straumann implants system). METHODS: Patients who visited Oral Implantology Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College from June 2007 to June 2009 were selected as study subjects. Systemic and local contraindications were excluded. A total of 124 patients who had 218 Straumann implants implanted were followed up for 3 to 24 months. According to various patients’ conditions, conventional approach, immediately implanted, GBR technique and flapless operation were adopted respectively. Clinical effects were evaluated with the Albrektsson’s criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no implant loosen, shedding or X-ray transmission in 218 implants. Both the survival rate and successful rate of implants were 100%. High degree of satisfaction from patients was achieved. Straumann implants system could be considered as a manageable and satisfactory non-submerged implant system. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging enhancement pattern in knee bone, meniscus, ligaments, and articular cartilage injury: Comparison with routine magnetic resonance imaging scanning Ge Jian-zhong, Li Gang 2010, 14 (17):  3078-3080.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.010 Abstract ( 132 )   PDF (892KB) ( 479 )   Save BACKGROUND: Routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans can comparatively show intra-articular soft tissue structures, but there are still some limitations in the diagnosis of intra-articular lesions and injury due to deficiency in contrast of imaging. Enhanced MRI scan has been applied to the liver, brain and other parts, which effectively improves the diagnostic accuracy, but there are few reports on the enhanced scans of knee. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical application value of MRI enhancement pattern in diagnosis of knee injury. METHODS: Totally 21 patients with knee injury (22 knees) were routinely scanned by 0.5T Signa Contour MRI scanner (GE company, USA). Then enhancer was injected into knee joint by the same physician and MRI enhancement pattern was performed in these patients. Film-reading and comparison were completed by two associate chief physicians. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Different levels of joint structural damage, such as bone, meniscus, ligaments, and articular cartilage and so on, were found in all patients by routine MRI scan. The extent and scope of its damage had been more clearly displayed by enhanced MRI scan. Meanwhile, misdiagnosis of meniscal injury by routine MRI scan was confirmed by enhanced MRI scan in 2 patients. Some damaged parts that were not found by routine MRI scan were confirmed by enhanced MRI scan. All these demonstrated that positive rate of knee injury in MRI enhancement pattern was higher than conventional MRI scan. There was significant difference in meniscus injury between two patterns (P = 0.035). MRI enhancement pattern in comparison with conventional MRI can further improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of knee injury. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluation of meniscus injury types using magnetic resonance imaging Long Hao, Dong Wei-qiang, Bai Bo, Guo Zhi-yong, Yin Zhi-xun 2010, 14 (17):  3081-3084.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.011 Abstract ( 150 )   PDF (526KB) ( 695 )   Save BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered safe for diagnosis of meniscus injury, having accuracy as high as 80% to 100%. However, it is found that there are some false positive and false negative in the clinic. OBJECTIVE: Through assessment of menisci injuries of the knee using magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy, to investigate MRI manifestation in different types of meniscal injuries. METHODS: A study from January 2003 to December 2008 was performed in 212 patients with knee injury undergoing preoperative MRI. Radiograph was read by physicians who had a senior professional title from radiology and orthopaedics departments, and meniscus damage and damage morphology were predicted. Arthroscopy was conducted by chief physician. Meniscus damage during surgery was considered as gold standards. The accuracy of them was compared. The statistics of accuracy of MRI diagnosis was gathered. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 212 patients and 230 knees were included, and a total of 215 knees of meniscus injury were described by MRI diagnosis and 213 knees of meniscus injury were proven by arthroscopy. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI diagnosis of meniscus injury respectively were 93.5%, 64.7%, 93.0%. It is found that the sensitivity of MRI diagnosis of bucket-handle damage is high. MRI is easy to miss diagnosis in a light meniscus posterior horn tear, and resuts are more false positive in lateral meniscus injury. It needs arthroscope operation or further surgery in some condition such as grade Ⅲ type injury, meniscus displacement after injury and articular capsule separation, which indicates instable meniscus. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Brain tumor image retrieval method based on graph cuts and rough sets Jiang Shi-zhong, Yi Fa-ling, Tang Lang-ping, Tu Yong-qiu 2010, 14 (17):  3085-3089.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.017.012 Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (727KB) ( 470 )   Save BACKGROUND: Content-based medical image retrieval involves multiple domains. Due to different imaging principles of various medical images, there are differences in color, texture, and shape, which should be resolved. OBJECTIVE: As in content-based medical image retrieval system, feature extraction from image is very difficult and the retrieval is very time-consuming, a similar image retrieval method based on graph-cuts and rough sets is proposed. METHODS: In order to overcome the defects that graph-cuts is only suitable for small image and easily leads to a small cut-sets, a clustering was applied to image, and the Gomory-Hu cuts tree of image was established. An image feature library was built by removing the edges of Gomory-Hu cuts tree for the value of cut. Reduction of features in library was obtained based on rough sets and the number of features in similar compare decrease. This method was applied to retrieve brain tumor image in MRI brain image database. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Results show that this method can effectively retrieve brain tumor images in the library. The average retrieval precision rate and the average recall rates were 78.4% and 62.9%, respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of tissue equalization technique of direct digital radiography in cervical spine-thoracic spine Pang Xiao-ping, Wu Nan-zhou, Yang Cheng-huan, Yang Tie, Xiao Yue-yong 2010, 14 (17):  3090-3093.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.013 Abstract ( 140 )   PDF (556KB) ( 395 )   Save BACKGROUND: Differences of thick and thin tissues in imaging areas is great because of postero-anterior images in cervical spine-thoracic spine. Although there are many image processing functions in direct digital radiography (DR) image with big range dynamic exposing, but routine direct DR hardly reveals anatomic structure of cervical spine-thoracic spine to detect diseases. Image quality of cervical spine-thoracic spine requires improvement. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference between direct DR image with tissue equalization (TE) technique and standard DR in cervical spine-thoracic spine, so as to explore the best image quality in cervical spine-thoracic spine. METHODS: A total of 200 cases were randomly selected from DR cervical thoracic image from Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA between April 2005 and August 2009 to evaluate the difference between these images of DR processed by tissue equalization and that of standard DR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The detail images of DR with tissue equalization in different thickness area of body could be revealed clearly in the same image, while the detail images of standard DR in cervical thoracic could be revealed clearly by adjusting window width and location repeatedly. Results show that the image quality of TE technique of direct digital X-ray radiography in cervical spine-thoracic spine could be clearly improved, it could be easily read and avoid the influence of body thickness area. Moreover, it could reveal clearly other part of body in detail. DR image with TE technique in cervical spine-thoracic spine can be applied widely due to simple operation, high diagnosis rate and low cost. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluating the clinical efficacy of the traction therapy for cervical spondylosis by color Doppler flow imaging and transcranial Doppler sonography Wang Lin, Sun Yue-fang, Chen Xian-fu, Liu Min, Song Jun-xue, Li You-qiong 2010, 14 (17):  3094-3098.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.014 Abstract ( 137 )   PDF (651KB) ( 615 )   Save BACKGROUND: Appropriate direction and angle of traction for the vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis (CSA) make significant effect. Selective angiography is recognized as “gold standard” to diagnose the vascular disease. Although magnetic resonance angiography as a non-invasive examination, there exist shortcomings such as a longer time checking, vulnerable to man-made factors, a certain aggressive feature. OBJECTIVE: Through the use of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) adding the test of turning neck, to analyze the change of blood current parameter before and after the tractions from different directions and angles. METHODS: 240 cases suffering CSA were selected and divided into groups according to anatomy angle of lesion parts (upper cervical segments, lower cervical segments, mixed type) and traction mode, angel (anteversion sitting position 1°-10°, 11°-20°, 21°-30° groups, posterior extension sitting position 1°-10°, 11°-20°, 21°-30° groups, neutral position sitting position group). Local massage served as control group. The indexes of vertebral artery of neck part including inner diameter (D) of narrowest location, peak systolic velocity and average velocity of blood were measured by CDFI adding the test of turning neck. The indexes of left vertebral artery, right vertebral artery and basilar artery including peak velocity (Vp) of period of contraction and mean velocity (Vm) of blood were measured by TCD adding the test of turning neck. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:  ① We determined vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis on the base of anatomic site. On the basis of diseased region, we divided cervical syndrome into 3 types. They were superior part (C1-C3), inferior part (C4-C6) and commixture. It offers clinical guidance for traction therapy from spondylous morphous and mechanics. ② We determined the best angle of traction. The therapeutic efficacy in posterior extension sitting position occupying 11-20° was better in upper hind neck; the therapeutic efficacy in anteversion sitting position occupying 11-20° was better in inferior neck; the therapeutic efficacy in anteversion sitting position occupying 1-10° was better in neutral position sitting position. ③ We knew that CDFI and TCD are the convenient, non-invasive, safe and reduplicative methods to guide traction therapy in vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genetic algorithm and support vector machine-based gene microarray analysis Wang Wei, Liu Hong 2010, 14 (17):  3099-3133.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.015 Abstract ( 131 )   PDF (799KB) ( 577 )   Save BACKGROUND: Gene microarray data has small sample size and large numbers of variates. Traditional statistical method is not effective. Genetic algorithm (GA) and support vector machine (SVM) are machine learning algorithms developed rapidly in recent years, which can decrease the dimension of features. OBJECTIVE: To combine GA and SVM to classify samples and compare with other two processes in which all genes and difference expression genes are taken as classifiers, respectively. METHODS: We applied golub data set provided by Bioconductor, which included gene expression data of leukaemia samples and normal samples. All genes were used to classify samples with SVM. SAM software was used to extract difference expression genes and estimate False Discovery Rate. Finally, 76 difference expression genes were used as feature gene set to classify samples with SVM and GA-SVM respectively. Three classification effects were compared. Additionally, the distribution and function about feature genes in KEGG pathways were also discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The accuracy of classification of SVM was improved by decreasing dimension with genetic algorithm. In particular, this process eliminated a great deal of redundant genes and noises, which improves the classification performance. Results show that GA-SVM algorithm is effective in classifying samples. In addition, the pathway analysis shows that signal transmission and amino acid metabolism are two major functions of feature genes. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of computer aided design in the treatment of acetabular malignant tumor: One-case report   Tu Qiang, Ding Huan-wen, Liu Bao, Wang Hong, Yi Can, Shen Jian-jian, Zeng Suo-lin, Xu Guo-zhou, Liu Hui-liang, Wang Shao-hua 2010, 14 (17):  3104-3108.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.016　 Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (614KB) ( 402 )   Save BACKGROUND: Acetabular malignant tumor reconstruction is to obtain pelvic stability and lower limb walking function to excise the tumor at safe margin. Excision range has been evaluated by MRI, CT, X-ray, which are subjective and lack preoperative design. Computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction can evaluate tumor erosion range from all planes to accurately excise the tumor. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of computer aided design in the treatment of acetabular malignant tumor. METHODS: One case with acetabular hemangiosarcoma was checked with lamellar CT scanning, which acquired some two-dimensional data in disease area. The three-dimensional reconstruction of anatomical model, design of cutting bone extent, design of individual prosthesis and sham operation were made by computer. Based on computer aided design proposal, acetabular tumor was resected, pelvic ring and right hip articulation were reconstructed with allogeneic semi-pelvis and individual total hip replacement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The patient began to non-weight bearing walk with double crutches 2 months after operation. At 6 months, the patient walked normally. The right hip joint motion was good with no pain. Postoperative X-ray film displayed individual prosthesis matched to pelvis. The patient fell a little numbness of skin in the lateral of right hip. No phlebothrombosis, prosthesis loosening or dislocation was found. Computer aided design has a good perspective of application in the treatment of acetabular malignant tumor. Individualized treatment can improve operation accuracy, reliability, convenience and curative effect. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of intelligent lower limb prostheses sensor  Gong Si-yuan, Yang Peng, Liu Qi-dong, Song Liang 2010, 14 (17):  3109-3112.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.017 Abstract ( 155 )   PDF (638KB) ( 638 )   Save BACKGROUND: Lower limb motion is complex. Proper human motion parameters detection is important for knee prosthesis control. Current lower limb prosthesis control information source is physical quantity related to motion information, which can directly reflect biomechanical characteristics of human motion. It is simple to collect and applicable for real-time control. The lower limb prosthesis utilizes one or several sensors to detect human motion information. OBJECTIVE: To develop a sensor system that can collect human motion information controlled by intelligent lower limb prosthesis. METHODS: Relationship between pivot axis installation potentiometer and knee joint flexion angle was acquired from analysis of four-bar linkage with a fixed pneumatic cylinder. In addition, the proper hall sensor installation position was selected to solve the two-solution problem. A sensor signal acquisition experiment was designed. The treadmill ensure that walking speed was completely under control. Knee joint flexion angle at toe-off in different walking speeds was measured. Curve fitting process provided the correspondence between them. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Knee joint flexion angle at toe-off increased with increasing walking speed. Quadratic curve fitting obtained a good effect. Results show that under horizontal walking state, potentiometers and Hall-sensors can be used to detect walking speed of lower limb prosthesis, and distinguish support phase and swing phase. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Neural network modeling of hippocampal CA3 associative memory functions Zhao Wang-xiong, Qiao Qing-li, Wang Dan 2010, 14 (17):  3113-3116.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.018 Abstract ( 181 )   PDF (645KB) ( 335 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hippocampus is one of an important brain areas related with memory, and plays a critical role in associative memory function. Hippocampal CA3 is one of the most important regions to form associative memory. CA3 is functionally divided into autoassociative and heteroassociative memories, and memory formation and retrieval require the development of detailed models of hippocampal function. OBJECTIVE: To establish a detailed model of hippocampal CA3 function according to CA3 structure. METHODS: The model was a three-layered Hopfield-like neural network and was constituted by 280 Izhikevich artificial neurons, and is modulated by Hebbian rules. The model was simulated using MATLAB under the condition of adding the Gaussian white noise to its input. In the simulation, memories were represented by synchronous firing sequences. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The simulating results show that the third layer of model had heteroassociative memory function; the first and the second layer of the model could implement autoassociative memory. The model implemented well the memory functions of three subregions of hippocampal CA3. But it is impossible to understand the functions and dynamics of a real biological neural network by constructing a simple model. The model proposed has 280 neurons, which are far less than the real number of neurons. It suggests that there is a big gap between the properties of the model and a real biological neural network of CA3. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Design of a gain compensating circuit for medical ultrasonic system   Sun Yan-hui 2010, 14 (17):  3117-3119.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.019 Abstract ( 341 )   PDF (467KB) ( 628 )   Save BACKGROUND: To make the echo signals reflected by interface with different depth and same property display the same amplitude, amplifier gain much be gradually increased based on depth(time), and the situation that weak long-distance reflected wave caused by ultrasonic wave in the ultrasonic transmission attenuation process must be compensated. OBJECTIVE: To compensate the propagation attenuation of the echo signal in the medical ultrasonic system, a time gain compensating (TGC) circuit design scheme is presented, and the design basis and principles of the circuit are briefly introduced. METHODS: Aiming to the medical ultrasound system features, the variable gain amplifier parts VCA610 with high SNR, high-bandwidth were chosen to realize the ultrasonic gain compensation circuit. RESULTS and CONCLUSION: The design effectively solved the non-linear compensation of echo signals caused by echo distance in the medical ultrasound soft tissue measurement. Compared with traditional discrete components circuit, the scheme had the characteristics of simple circuit, stable and reliable TGC control signal, and flexible adjustment, etc. It can accurately compensate the attenuation of ultrasound in the human body, thus, provides a new and reliable method for the medical measurement system design. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A new method for measuring electrocardiogram and its implement Zeng Chui-sheng, Mou Ya-hua, Xin Ying, Zhao Zhi-qiang, Xiang Liu-xin 2010, 14 (17):  3120-3122.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.020 Abstract ( 176 )   PDF (544KB) ( 895 )   Save BACKGROUND: The existing electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement strongly depends on medical professionals and inefficient high-intensity, or relies on automatic identification method which is not accurately enough. Thus, this is difficult to meet high-speed testing, accurate results and ease application for common people. OBJECTIVE: To develop a new method that was simple and efficient to apply and very easy to learn. METHODS: Algorithms were programmed and test software was developed by delphi7.0. ECG was drawn on screen. The apex, the starting point and the ending point as well as the J-point of each ECG wave were clicked by mouse or stylus. Then the wave parameters and an initial diagnosis could be quickly obtained by test software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The parameters of ECG waveform such as wave height, wave time, PR interval, ST segment, QT segment, PP/RR time, cardiac electrical axis and so on could be accurately measured, and heart rate, heart rhythm and the deflection of cardiac electrical axis could be diagnosed correctly. The method was simple to learn and easy to imply, and it was also efficient, quick and accurate. Thus, it could greatly improve the efficiency of measurement and analysis for specialists, and could meet application requirements of general medicals and ordinary people. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Biomechanical performance and effect of static interlocking intramedullary nails on femoral fracture healing Yan Xue-gang, Bao Tong-zhu, Zhao Wei-dong, Yan Fei, Liang Dong-zhu, Ding Zhi-bing 2010, 14 (17):  3123-3126.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.021 Abstract ( 140 )   PDF (669KB) ( 553 )   Save BACKGROUND: Interlocking intramedullary nails (SIiN) is frequently used to treat femoral fracture. Routine pulling and compression and postoperative motorization are important for fracture healing. To improve fracture healing rate has been focused using various factors. OBJECTIVE: To explore the biomechanical performance of static SIiN in fixation of femoral fracture, and the effect on fracture healing. METHODS: A total of 8 pairs of femurs from adult cadavers immersed in formalin were used to prepare models of midpiece transverse fracture. The fracture was respectively fixed using static SIiN, TiNi shape-memory sawtooth-arm embracing internal fixator (TiNi SMA), and dynamic compression plate (DCP). The anti-compression, anti-bending, and anti-torsion rigidity were measured, and the stress shielding rate was calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: SIiN was similar to DCP group in anti-compression rigidity and anti-bending rigidity (P > 0.05), but the anti-torsion was lower than DCP group (P < 0.05). Compared with TiNi SMA group, SIiN displayed greater anti-compression rigidity and anti-bending rigidity (P < 0.05), but similar anti-torsion (P > 0.05). SIiN was similar to DCP group in stress shielding rate (P > 0.05), but significantly greater than TiNi SMA group (P < 0.01). The biomechanics of SIiN was stable, but the stress shielding rate was high. Changing static interlocking into dynamic interlocking in time is necessary in clinic to promote fracture healing. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of ankle-foot orthosis on gait characteristic in children with spastic cerebral palsy Zhou An-yan, Li Hai 2010, 14 (17):  3127-3130.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.022 Abstract ( 148 )   PDF (518KB) ( 456 )   Save BACKGROUND: Due to differences in designs and methods, the results of effects of ankle foot orthosis (AFO) on kinematics, kinetics and energy consumption during walking in children with cerebral palsy remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of AFO on gait characteristics in children with spastic cerebral palsy. METHODS: A total of 21 ambulatory children with cerebral palsy were selected. A plantar pressure gait analysis system was used to perform plantar pressure gait analysis tests of participants when walking with an AFO and without an AFO at the same time of one day, under the same physical condition. All plantar pressure data were recorded, including cadence, cycle time of gait, absolute symmetry index (ASI) of each gait phase, and visualized pressure diagram including dynamic plantar pressure diagram and Center of Gravity’s transfer track diagram. Visualized pressure diagrams were described and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gait cycle time was shortened in the children walking with an AFO compared with walking without an AFO (P < 0.01). ASI of single-foot supporting phase, swing phase, double-foot supporting phase and gait cycle time of children walking with AFO was significantly reduced compared with children walking without AFO (P < 0.05). Center of Gravity’s transfer track diagram of children with cerebral palsy was disordered and could not show as butterfly-shape graphics with good symmetry. After wearing an AFO, the diagram became more ordered. Results show that when wearing an AFO, the gait cycle time in gait was shortened, and the cadence was increased; the symmetry of gait was improved, and the general walking ability was increased. Plantar pressure gait analysis technology can be effectively applied to evaluate the balancing ability of children with spastic cerebral palsy in gait using accurate data and visualized diagrams. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Creep characteristics of cancellous bone at 45° between normal and necrotic femoral head   Yu Tao, Sun Chang-jiang, Ma Hong-shun 2010, 14 (17):  3131-3134.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.023 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (612KB) ( 467 )   Save BACKGROUND: The creep characteristics of cancellous bone from necrotic femoral head are important for clinical artificial joint replacement. Therefore, it is necessary to study mechanical properties of cancellous bone at 45 ° direction. OBJECTIVE: To compare creep properties of normal femoral head and necrotic femoral head at 45 ° direction based on three-parameter model established creep equation. METHODS: A total of 8 normal and 8 necrotic femoral heads were used. The cancellous bone was harvested at 45 ° and subjected to creep test on electronic universal testing machine. With simulated temperature field of human body temperature at 36.5 ℃, stress was imposed on the samples by an increase of 5%/s for 7 200 seconds. 100 experimental data were collected, and stress relaxation equation was calculated using three-parameter model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The creep curve of the femoral head of normal and necrotic changes was exponential relation. Changes were fast in the first 600 seconds, and strain increased slowly with time, finally entered into balance stage. 7 200 s creep of cancellous bone from necrotic femoral head was less than normal femoral head cancellous bone. Three-parameter model calculation is simple and can well fit the creep of changes in the femoral head. The establishment of such idealized equation quantitatively shows poor visco-elasticity of the necrotic femoral head. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of liquid-electric extracorporeal shock wave on treating traumatic avascular necrosis of talus Zhai Lei, Sun Nan, Zhang Bai-qing, Wang Jing-gui, Xing Geng-yan 2010, 14 (17):  3135-3138.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.024 Abstract ( 158 )   PDF (514KB) ( 746 )   Save BACKGROUND: No method is ideal for treating traumatic avascular necrosis of talus up to now. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a micro-traumatic, simple, and effective method to treat musculoskeletal diseases; however, the therapeutic effect on necrosis of talus needs to be further studied.  OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of liquid-electric extracorporeal shock wave on traumatic avascular necrosis of talus, and to explore new treatments of traumatic avascular necrosis of talus. METHODS: A total of 34 patients with traumatic avascular necrosis of talus were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Force from September 2004 to June 2009. The patients were randomly divided into ESWT and control groups, with 17 patients per group. All patients were treated with pain point positioning combined with surface X-ray localization, the working voltage of 8-10 kV, energy flow density of 0.12-0.16 mJ/mm2, impact frequency of 40-50 times/min, and impact of 800-1 000 times, once a week, for 3-5 cycles. Pain was evaluated with VAS before and after treatment, function of ankle was evaluated with AOFAS standards, and MRI of ankle was re-checked at 18 months after treatment to compare necrotic area before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: VAS pain, function of ankle, and necrotic area of ankle in the ESWT group were significantly improved compared to those in the control group at 18 months after treatment (P < 0.01). Activity of one case in the control group was limited by severe pain due to traumatic arthritis in the first 15 weeks after ankle arthrodesis surgery. This suggested that liquid-electric extracorporeal shock wave was a non-invasive method which was simple minimally invasive treatment and had significant effect and fewer complications, for treating traumatic avascular necrosis of talus. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Logistic regression analysis of risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents in Jinzhou city Wang Yan-song, Mei Xi-fan 2010, 14 (17):  3139-3142.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.025 Abstract ( 138 )   PDF (467KB) ( 373 )   Save BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis and risk factors for lumbar disc herniation are significantly different between adults and teenagers. Previous studies seldomly refer to risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents by using logistic regression analysis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents in Jinzhou by using logistic regression analysis. METHODS: A total of 94 patients with lumbar disc herniation, including 56 males and 38 females, aging 9-18 years, were considered as the experimental group. A total of 100 patients suffering from other diseases were considered as the control group. Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze risk factors for lumbar disc herniation onset, suggesting that OR >1 was taken as the risk factor for lumbar disc herniation, whereas OR <1 as the protective factor for lumbar disc herniation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the 194 patients were involved in the final analysis. The result of logistic regression analysis showed that compared with control groups, the patients with lumbar disc herniation were statistically associated with familial predisposition (OR = 6.427, P = 0.015), trauma (OR = 17.196, P = 0.011), congenital malformations (OR = 31.429, P = 0.002), and over-exercise (OR = 12.644, P = 0.027). Trauma, congenital malformations, familial predisposition, and over-exercise were the risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in children and adolescents in Jinzhou. So it is necessary to implement a comprehensive prevention program, such as lifestyle and dietary habit modification, and proper activity. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Inducing a femoral head necrosis model by microwave heating: Screening of optimal temperature and time   Peng Wu-xun, Wang Lei, Deng Jin, Geng Cheng-kui, Li Yan-lin, Gong Yue-kun, Li Shi-he 2010, 14 (17):  3143-3147.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.201.17.026 Abstract ( 202 )   PDF (1767KB) ( 392 )   Save BACKGROUND: The existed femoral head necrosis (FHN) model can not reflex the clinical necrosis of femoral head correctly. Microwave heating provides a new approach for model preparation, but the concrete standard remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To study the optimal temperature and time in preparing a FHN model induced by microwave heating. METHODS: Totally 48 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups on the basis of the microwave temperature (50, 55, 60℃) and heating time (10, 20 minutes). The microwave antenna was inserted into the rabbit femoral head. The rabbits were sacrificed immediately and at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. A series of examinations were performed including gross observation, X-ray, histology and MRI to observe the femoral head necrosis and repair status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Marrow partially solidified in the group (50 ℃, 10 minutes) at 1 week, and the osteonecrosis returned to normal at 8 weeks after operation. In the group (55 ℃, 10 minutes), marrow was completely coagulated at 1 week and low signal on T1 weighted images and increased signal on T2 images were identified at 2 weeks. Osteonecrosis and repair occurred at the same time at 4 weeks. At 12 weeks, the osteonecrosis continued and the repair stopped, and the femoral heads started to collapse. All femoral heads collapsed at 8 weeks in group (50 ℃, 20 minutes) and group (60 ℃, 10 minutes). Accordingly, microwave heating is a good method in developing FHN model. 55 ℃ and 10 minutes are the optimal temperature and time for the development of FHN model of rabbits induced by microwave heating. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Influence of Rosuvastatin on carotid artery smooth muscle cells proliferation and apoptosis in rats with Medtronic balloon-induced injury Gao Hong, Dong Shao-hong, Zeng Chun-miao, Luo Te-dan, Liu Hua-dong 2010, 14 (17):  3148-3152.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.027 Abstract ( 158 )   PDF (1483KB) ( 341 )   Save BACKGROUND: Restenosis and lumina loss limit further application of balloon extension and stent implantation. Effect of tunica intima proliferation and apoptosis in restenosis and the intervention method are exploring. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of Rosuvastatin on the vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and apoptosis in rats with carotid artery injury established by Medtronic balloon. METHODS: The male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into injury group and treatment group. Each rat was subjected to balloon injury on the left common carotid artery, and control artery without balloon injury on the right artery served as control group. Treatment group rats were given Rosuvastatin (dissolved in Nacl) 5 mg/kg per day 3 days before injury, while the injury group rats were given 9 g/L NaCl. At 7 and 14 days after injury, the common carotid arteries were harvested for HE staining. SM α-actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were detected by immunohistochemistry. In addition, smooth muscle cells apoptosis was detected by TUNEL. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The neointimal area and the area ratio of neointimal/media were decreased in treatment group significantly at 14 days compared with injury group (P < 0.05), and neointimal area increased by 26%; positive cell rate of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was decreased, but apoptosis cells were increased compared with the injury group (P < 0.05). Results showed that Rosuvastatin prior to balloon injury inhibited neointimal proliferation and neointimal cell proliferation following balloon injury, promoted smooth muscle cells apoptosis, ultimately reducing neointimal formation and inhibiting restenosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction on vascular stenosis and oxidative stress after balloon injury of rabbit iliac artery Zhou Bin, Chen Yan-ming, Liu Yong, Wang Min, Wu Lin, Liao Huo-cheng, Chen Lin, Liu Jin-lai, Wu Wei-kang, Qian Xiao-xian 2010, 14 (17):  3153-3156.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.028 Abstract ( 153 )   PDF (1378KB) ( 436 )   Save BACKGROUND: Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Buyang Huanwu Decoction could expand blood vessels, improve microcirculation, decrease oxidative stress, inflammation and platelet activation, so protect and improve the function of endothelial cells. But its certain mechanism is still unclear, especially for its impact on the restenosis of the coronary artery after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).   OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effects of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction on vascular stenosis and oxidative stress after balloon injury of rabbit iliac artery. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits, were randomized and divided into three groups, control group, model group and drug group respectively. Rabbits of control group were fed with common forage, but model group and drug group fed with high fat diet. Two weeks later, the iliac arteries were injured by balloon for model group and drug group. Meanwhile drug group were fed with Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction after the operation, 2 mL/ kg per day. Control group underwent sham operation control. At the end of 4 weeks, serum samples were stored to assay the levels of cholesterol, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Injured iliac artery was fixed by neutral formalin to observe the endothelial hyperplasia by light microscope, and the results were analyzed by picture analysis system. Differences of measurement were compared with one-way analysis of variance as well as repetitive measurements analysis of variance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Iliac artery intima was thin, with intact structure, without arteriosclerosis in the control group. The vascular lumina were narrower, intima was thicker and there were more enormous arteriosclerosis plaques in model group rabbits. The plaque thickness was reduced and stenosis was mild in drug group. Total cholesterol, triglyceridemia, low - density lipoprotein of cholesterol (LDL-C) and MDA levels were significantly lower in the drug group compared with the model group, whereas high-density lipoprotein of cholesterol (HDL-C) and serum SOD levels were significantly greater than the model group   (P < 0.05). The results showed that Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction has significant preventive effect on intimal hyperplasia and the development of artherosclerosis in rabbits with iliac artery injury, and the mechanism of which may be related to modifying lipid metabolism and cleaning oxygen free radical anti-oxidative stress. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of artificial shoulder prosthesis in proximal humeral fracture Wen Xu, Chen Qing-zhen, Gao Hui, Ji Guang-lin 2010, 14 (17):  3159-3162.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.030 Abstract ( 109 )   PDF (695KB) ( 387 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To summarize the treatment of complicated proximal humeral fracture with artificial shoulder replacement. METHODS: A computer-based online search of VIP was performed for related articles published between January 1998 and October 2009 with the key words “shoulder joint, prosthesis replacement, proximal humeral fracture”. Articles with high correlation were included, and repetitive studies were excluded. The data were firstly collected, the references of each article were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 18 articles were included. The treatment of complicated proximal humeral fracture remains controversial. Early semi-shoulder joint replacement is an appropriate method. Shoulder replacement includes humeral head replacement and total shoulder replacement. Neer and Biligani type are typical artificial humeral head. The fixation patterns of humeral head prosthesis shaft include cemented and cementless. Bone cement includes total bone cement and proximal cement fixation, and cementless includes pressure fixation and compaction bone grafting. Complications following shoulder replacement involve prosthesis instability, nodule heterotopia, heterotopic ossification, prosthesis loosening, periprosthetic fracture, infection and nerve injury. CONCLUSION: Majority of complications can be prevented by appropriate location of prosthesis, reconstruction of greater and lesser tubercle, and in combination with postoperative rehabilitation treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical effect of total hip replacement technique with bone cemented prosthesis   Yan Bin 2010, 14 (17):  3163-3166.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.031 Abstract ( 105 )   PDF (613KB) ( 680 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of bone cement prosthesis by retrieving literatures and clinical validations. METHODS: With the key words “total hip replacement, prosthesis, bone cement” in Chinese and English, articles were searched in VIP and Pubmed databases published between January 1998 and December 2009. Articles related to cemented and cementedless prosthesis were included. Repetitive articles and Meta analysis were excluded. The questions were discussed, including classification of artificial joint replacement, development of cemented hip prosthesis materials, treatment effect and clinical validation of cemented hip prosthesis materials, anatomic features of calear femorale and operation of hip joint replacement. In addition, 55 cases undergoing total hip replacement with cemented prosthesis in Qiannan Prefecture People's Hospital were analyzed. RESULTS: Artificial joint replacement includes cemented and cementedless prosthesis. Cemented prosthesis is applicable for osteoporotic and elderly patients. Cementedless prosthesis can be used for middle-aged or young patients. As the shear strength of metal and bone cement surface is bad, novel bone cement modifies the prosthesis surface to enhance the shear strength. Clinical results showed that during the follow up of 12 months to 6 years, there were 39 cases of excellent, 13 of good and 3 of fair according to Harrisyg scores. Postoperative X-ray showed hip pain in 3 patients, prosthesis prolapse in 1, prosthesis loosening in 1 and dislocation in 1. No infection or femoral fracture was detected. CONCLUSION: With development of various novel bone cement materials, the performance of bone cement is improving, and may become ideal bone substitutes. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical application of various spinal implant materials and shadow analysis of metal implants by magnetic resonance imaging Xiao Zhan-zhou 2010, 14 (17):  3167-3170.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.032 Abstract ( 133 )   PDF (596KB) ( 445 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To summarize clinical application of various spinal implants to explore the effect of fixator implantation in spine or limbs on MRI. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI (www.cnki.net/index.htm) was performed to search related articles with the key words “spinal, implants, MRI” in English and Chinese. Articles related with spinal implants and MRI were selected, published in recently or in authoritative journals in the same field. Repetitive or outdated articles were excluded. Finally, 24 articles were included. RESULTS: During spinal reconstruction, autologous iliac bone block and fibula have been commonly used as bone graft. However, bone graft acquisition frequently causes 20%-30% donor region complication and long-term donor pain. Therefore, allogenic bone and titanium mesh have been used to replace autologous bone graft. However, due to low fusion rate and disease transmission caused by allogenic bone, titanium mesh bone graft has become a focus. MRI detection shows that nickel, cobalt and iron have large shadow, and titanium alloy has the smallest shadow. Spinal cord and intraspinal structures are clearly displayed on sagittal T1 and T2 weighted and axial T1-weighted images. Vertebral plate clamp has large shadow, which affects observation of structures around the vertebral plate and the intraspinal structures. Pedicle screws have large shadow, which mainly affects observations of lateral vertebral canal, vertebral artery, intervertebral foramen, spinal nerve and posterior-laterally exserted intervertebral disk. CONCLUSION: There remain no uniform standards or favorable results, which are varied in patients with different disease conditions, economic conditions, and in different doctors. Titanium is the best implant for MRI, and implant long axis should be accordant with main field. Titanium alloy implant in the spine should utilize fast spin echo, short echo time, and minimize TE. The diagnosis should consider the shadow in combination with clinical manifestations. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of unilateral multifunctional external fixation apparatus for limb fractures  Xiao Min, Wang Run-zhu, Li Hong-quan, Zhang Qiang 2010, 14 (17):  3171-3172.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.033 Abstract ( 89 )   PDF (420KB) ( 389 )   Save There are many methods for internal and external fixation of limbs fractures, such as plaster, splint, and traction. But the disadvantages such as destroyed local blood supply, unreliable fixation, inappropriate dynamic and static combination, postoperative nursing, delayed functional recovery and complications limit their application. Multifunctional external fixation apparatus has been used to treat limbs fractures. It avoids to dissect surrounding tissues and does not damage blood supply out of medullary cavity, which benefits wound treatment, early functional exercise, prevents joint adherence, improves cure rate, reduces complications and avoids second surgery. Moreover, this method is an effective fixation, saves treatment time and prevents adverse results due to treatment for other wounds. In addition, it can also be used to treat bone nonunion, infective fracture, bone defect and other fracture complications. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Orion anterior plate combined with titanium mesh and bone graft in the treatment of unstable cervical spondylosis Cui De-zheng 2010, 14 (17):  3173-3176.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.034 Abstract ( 121 )   PDF (606KB) ( 329 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical effects of Orion anterior plate combined with titanium mesh and bone graft in the treatment of unstable cervical spondylosis. METHODS: The databases of PubMed and Wanfang were retrieved using search terms of “cervical vertebrae, Orion anterior plate, titanium mesh, and spinal fusion” both in English and Chinese for documents concerning Orion anterior plate combined with titanium mesh and bone graft in the treatment of unstable cervical spondylosis. The literatures published between 1990 and 2008 were selected. The repetitive studies were excluded. A total of 54 documents were searched by computer, and 13 papers were included in the final analysis according to inclusive criteria.  RESULTS: By the application of Orion anterior plate combined with titanium mesh and bone graft in the treatment of unstable cervical spondylosis, the cervical curvature and stability could be restored, the intervertebral height would be maintained and the implanted bone could get fusion easily. The injury and complications caused by auto-ilium graft could be avoided. In addition, the locking cervical plate could effectively prevent damage caused by spondylolisthesis, and strengthened the cervical stability. It is a good method for anterior internal fixation of cervical vertebrae. CONCLUSION: It is an ideal method to treat unstable cervical spondylosis by using Orion anterior plate combined with titanium mesh and bone graft. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Spring ring embolization for cerebral aneurysm: material and security outcomes Lin Ze-jun 2010, 14 (17):  3177-3180.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.035 Abstract ( 143 )   PDF (672KB) ( 500 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the clinical outcomes of coil embolization for treating cerebral aneurismal. METHODS: Authors retrieved PubMed Database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and Wanfang Database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn) by using a computer for articles concerning coil embolization for treating cerebral aneurismal published from 1990 to 2008. The key words were “aneurysm of brain, spring ring interventional therapy, embolism” in English, and “cerebral aneurysm, embolism, circlip ring, endovascular treatment” in Chinese. Duplicated studies were excluded. A total of 54 articles were obtained by primary screening. According to inclusion criteria, 14 articles were further summarized. RESULTS: The included 14 articles exhibited that aortocranial angiography was conducted before embolism to understand intracalvarium circulation and to measure aneurysm neck and size. Following microtubular in position, superselective angiography was not performed to avoid aneurysm rupture. It was important to select suitable catheter and guide wire. Spring ring with the same diameter as aneurysm size was selected. When placed it, it should be twisted around the wall of aneurysm to form a primary “frame”, which was beneficial for spiral of other spring rings in the “frame”. Try to make spring ring densely plugged in aneurysm to avoid aneurysm relapse. The last spring ring should not be too long so as to avoid difficulty in complete filling-in. Before disengage, the spring ring should undergo visualization to verify that it was in the aneurysm to ensure the patency of parent artery. The operation should be light and soft. Following proceeding a path, the guide wire and catheter should be slightly withdrawn a part to unload the tension induced by bending, resulting in avoiding “negligence-induced leaping forwards” that may pierce the aneurysm. CONCLUSION: Spring ring endovascular embolization is an ideal method to treat cerebral aneurysm, with characteristics of microinvasion, security, reliability and definite outcomes. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Rehabilitation exercise and restenosis following coronary artery stent implantation Zhao Yan, Wang Yu 2010, 14 (17):  3181-3184.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.036 Abstract ( 118 )   PDF (666KB) ( 565 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of rehabilitation training on restenosis following stent implantation in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. METHODS: A computer-based online search of VIP database was performed to search articles regarding restenosis following stent implantation and rehabilitation treatment for patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, published between January 2000 and October 2009, with key words “coronary artery, stent implantation, intracoronary restenosis, rehabilitation exercise”. The data were collected, and the references of each article were reviewed. A total of 20 articles were included. RESULTS: Intracoronary stent has become an effective treatment for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and intracoronary restenosis has been focused in clinical studies. Prophase treatment following stent implantation is very important for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Rehabilitation exercise in combination with antiplatelet anticoagulation and lipid treatment can reconstruct coronary arterial blood transport and significantly reduce incidence of restenosis and thrombus. CONCLUSION: Regular rehabilitation exercise following stent implantation can ameliorate degree of vascular restenosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Posterior short-segmental pedicle screw fixation in treatment of 186 patients with single-level thoracolumbar burst fracture without nerologic deficit Wang Jun-hua, Yang Hui-lin, Geng De-chun, Chen Liang, Bao Zhao-hua, Mei Xin 2010, 14 (17):  3185-3188.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.037 Abstract ( 143 )   PDF (535KB) ( 351 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are many methods to treat thoracolumbar fractures. However, it remains unclear whether a simple operation to treat a thoracolumbar burst fracture can decrease the trauma and obtain better effect to avoid the enlargement of operation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical outcome of posterior short-segmental transpedicular screw system internal fixation in treatment of single-level thoracolumbar burst fracture without nerologic deficit. METHODS: A total of 186 patients with single-level thoracolumbar burst fracture but without nerologic deficit treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between September 2003 and January 2008, including 152 males and 34 females, aged 18 to 65 years, were treated by posterior pedicle screw. The intraspinal bone fragments were treated with indirect decompression. All patients were checked with radiography and CT scan before/after operation as well as before implant removal. The correction of anterior vertebral body height and the ratio of bone fragment to cross section area of spinal canal were measured. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Compared with normal, the anterior vertebral body height was 42% before operation, 98%after operation, and 98% before implant removal. The ratio of bone fragment to cross section area of spinal canal was 34% before operation, 13% after operation, and 8% before implant removal. Internal posterior short-segmental transpedicular screw fixation treating single-level thoracolumbar burst fracture without nerologic deficit can obtain stability of spinal column, and it is beneficial to recovery of body height, physiologic postural contour and canal volumn. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Implantation of bone plate for treating humeral intercondylar fractures in 37 cases under AO principle: A 5-year review of orthopedic department in a city hospital Tan Xin, Luo Ke-ling, Xie Fu 2010, 14 (17):  3189-3192.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.038 Abstract ( 134 )   PDF (547KB) ( 429 )   Save BACKGROUND: Conservative treatment receives poor results in treating humeral intercondylar fractures, due to the over-long time fixation, and the recovery of joint function would be restricted. Early functional exercises should be based on stable internal fixation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of bone plate internal fixation in treating humeral intercondylar fractures under AO principle. METHODS: Totally 37 cases with humeral intercondylar fractures at the Department of Orthopaedics, Laibin People’s Hospital from June 2000 to November 2005 were collected, under AO/ASIF classification, cases were assigned into three groups: type C1 consisted of 11 cases, C2 consisted of 21 cases and C3 comprised 5 cases. All the cases were treated by olecranon osteotomy medial approach open reduction and then treated with dual anatomical plate internal fixation. Flexion and extension activities were done at 1 day after operation. Physical therapy was performed at 1 day after removing drainage. According to the images and clinical follow-up, slightly resistance exercise could be done at 4 weeks after operation, and gradually increased the load after 8-12 weeks.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A total of 36 patients were included in the follow-up with 13-26 months, mean 19.5 months. All the bone fractures were recovered. Earlier operative reduction and exercise function would got better elbow joint recovery. All results demonstrated that dual anatomical plate treatment under AO principle provides firm internal fixation for patients with humeral intercondylar fractures, which is good for early exercise and functional recovery.  Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Adult reconstruction plate of humeral shaft for 32 children with femoral shaft fracture: Follow-up analysis Liu Xiao-qiang, Chen Zong-xiong, Wang Wan-zong 2010, 14 (17):  3193-3196.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.039 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (529KB) ( 348 )   Save BACKGROUND: Femoral shaft fracture is common in children. Various methods of treatment can be used successfully, depending on the age of the child and the type of fracture. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of adult reconstruction plate of humeral shaft for pediatric femoral shaft fracture. METHODS: A total of 32 children with femoral shaft fracture were treated with adult reconstruction plate of humeral shaft in First Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, including 20 males and 12 females aged 6.7 years (5-8 years). All patients were treated with incision reduction and adult reconstruction plate of humeral shaft. The incision length should be made as short as possible according to the fracture type. The result of surgery was determined using clinical and radiographic examinations. The pain condition was evaluated using visual analog scale method before and 3 days following surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The patients were followed up for 1-2 years (average 1.5 years). All fractures were healed 1-2 months postoperatively, and the internal fixator was removed 4-8 months postoperatively. The affected limb was shortened 0.6-1.5 cm (average 1.1 cm) in 3 cases. Overgrowth was observed in the other patients by 0.3-1.2 cm. The average overgrowth length was (0.64±0.312) cm in 29 patients. At 3 days postoperatively, the mean subjective pain was significantly reduced, and range of motion was improved compared with the day before surgery. There was no infection or implant displacement or re-fracture. It is feasible to use adult reconstruction plate of humeral shaft for paediatric femoral shaft fracture. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Memory metal chest shield versus traditional fixation method for multiple rib fractures Liu Qing, Wang Bo 2010, 14 (17):  3197-3200.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.040 Abstract ( 268 )   PDF (638KB) ( 559 )   Save BACKGROUND: Rib fractures are frequently treated with analgesic or compression band, which relieves pain but attenuates respiration. Memory metal chest shield as a new product has been used clinically for patients with multiple rib fractures to alleviate the pain. It displays many advantages compared with traditional approaches. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of the memory metal chest shield versus the traditional fixation for multiple rib fractures. METHODS: A total of 104 patients with multiple rib fractures confirmed by transthoracic X-ray were selected and randomly divided into control group (n = 40) treated with the traditional fixation methods (chest strap or a thick pad) and experimental group (n = 64) treated with memory metal chest shield. At 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours after admission, the visual analog scale (VAS) at rest and cough, the incidence of pulmonary complications, and hospitalization were recorded. Of them, 32 from the experimental and 21 from the control group received pulmonary function tests, and their vital capacity was recorded at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pain intensity of experimental group was reduced at rest, while significantly reduced in forced breathing (such as cough). Of the 32 patients with use of memory metal sheeting, vital capacity continuously increased during the observation period, but pulmonary complications were significantly less, and the average hospital stay was significantly less than the control group (P < 0.05). Results show that the memory metal shield displayed fixation effect on the area of broken ribs, which significantly reduced pain, increased lung capacity, reduced the incidence of pulmonary complications and shortened the average length of stay. It is a simple and effective method of treating multiple rib fractures. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Percutaneous screw fixation for acetabular fractures under fluorscopic-based computerized navigation   Gao Hong, Luo Cong-feng, Hu Cheng-fang, Zhang Chang-qing, Zeng Bing-fang 2010, 14 (17):  3201-3205.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.041 Abstract ( 212 )   PDF (472KB) ( 484 )   Save BACKGROUND: The treatment of displaced acetabular fractures consists of formal open reduction and internal fixation. However, extensile exposure can lead to a lot of complications. Percutaneous screw fixation for acetabukar fractures can decrease these complications. Recently developed fluoroscopic-based computerized navigation technology not only allows the surgeon to achieve maximum accuracy of screw fixation but also significantly reduce radiation exposure time. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical application of the fluoroscopic-based computerized navigation system for percutaneous screwing for acetabular fractures. METHODS: A total of 18 adult patients with 20 non-displaced and displaced acetabular fractures were treated with percutaneous screw fixation under the guidance of a fluoroscopy-based navigation system. All acetabular fractures were acetabular anterior column fractures and posterior column fractures, which were fixed by varied hollow screws. Static muscle contraction and limited active and passive motion were performed at 2 days, and weight-bearing exercise was performed at 4 weeks after operation. The time of screw implantation, screw position deviation, screw biocompatibility, as well as adverse effect after screw implantation was observed. In addition, d'Aubigne and Postel scoring was used in follow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 30 acetabular screws were inserted. The average operation time for per screw was 24.1 minutes from the image acquisition to wound closure. The average fluoroscopic time for per screw was 27.6 seconds. Compared to the final position of the screw, the average wire tip error was 1.5 mm and the average trajectory difference was 2.25°. One patient sustained a transient femoral nerve palsy which was attribute to reduction clamp inserting from the use of the limited open reduction method rather than screw fixation itself and resolved 2 months after the operation. No evidence was noted of secondary displacement of the fragment or screw failure. Using the rating system of d’ Aubigne and Postel, 13 patients had excellent results, 4 patients had good results, and 1 patient had a fair result. The excellent to good rate was 94%. All results demonstrated that percutaneous screw fixation of acetabular fractures with fluoroscopy-based navigation can produce excellent results in selected patients with non-displaced and displaced fracture amenable to closed or limited open reduction, which becomes a safe and effective alternative to traditional open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of certain acetabular fractures. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fracture with assist of 360°elastic fixation method Liang Hao-biao, Yu Wei-hong, Tan Zhi-feng, Li He-nian, Yuan Zhi-min 2010, 14 (17):  3205-3209.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.042 Abstract ( 166 )   PDF (650KB) ( 365 )   Save BACKGROUND: Closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing can protect blood supply of fractured bone, decrease infection and promote bone healing, which is becoming the first choice for treating femoral shaft fracture. However, it is difficult to conduct in closed reduction and keep stabilization of fractured bone. OBJECTIVE: To explore the curative effect of closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing in treating femoral shaft fracture with assist of rubber tourniquet 360° elastic fixation. METHODS: From May 2008 to November 2009, 18 patients (14 males, 4 females; aged 18-65 years) with closed femoral shaft fracture were treated at the Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Body skin was protected by cloth, elastic rubber tourniquet was doubled and 360° wrapped around the fractured bone with the length of 10 cm from up and down. Supracondylar femur was reamed by Kernig-needle; fractured bone was dealt with countertraction and horizontal rotation. Another assistant compressed the fractured bone according to the displacement of fracture, which contributes to bone fracture reduetion and interlocking intramedullary nailing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All 18 patients were followed up postoperatively, no case was found with skim necrosis and damage of nerve and blood vessel. 16 cases were bone union with excellent 15 cases, fine 1 case; 2 cases were still being followed up. Callus was firstly found 1 month after operation and was obviously found in 3e months postoperatively. The result suggested that the treatment of closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing with assist of rubber tourniquet 360°elastic fixation is a simple and applicable approach, which reduces the interruption of blood supply for fractured bone and closed reduction gets good result, which reduces the chance of open reduction. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of total hip replacement for intertrochanteric fractures following the failure of dynamic hip screw fixation in four elderly people   He Shuang-jian, Ye Zheng, Zhu Jian, Luo Wei-hua, Yan Bin 2010, 14 (17):  3210-3212.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.043 Abstract ( 121 )   PDF (369KB) ( 408 )   Save BACKGROUND: Many internal fixations, such as dynamic hip screw, Gamma screw, proximal femoral nail, angle steel plate, as well as locking proximac femoral plate, are utilized in treating intertrochanteric fractures, especially the dynamic hip screw. However, the failure rate is gradually increased. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application and clinical efficacy of total hip replacement for the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fracture fixation after failure of dynamic hip screw. METHODS: A total of four cases with intertrochanteric fractures were treated by total hip replacement after failure of dynamic hip screw fixation was selected. According to Evans typing, one case were type Ⅱ, two cases were type Ⅲ A, and one case was type ⅢB. Internal fixation displacement could be found at half to 1 year after dynamic hip screw fixation. Because of bone disunion, coxa adducta and pain, the patients could not walk. Sequentially, total hip replacement was performed with 45° abduct angle and 10°-15° anteversion angle. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by Harris scoring criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the cases were operated smoothly, with 1.5-2 hour operation duration and 400-600 mL blood loss. No case appeared allergic response to bone cement. By 3-12 months follow-up, 4 successful operative cases do not appear prosthesis loosening, subsidence and are satisfied with well hip function. The average Harris score were 81 points. The results revealed that application of total hip replacement after the failure of DHS in elderly intertrochanteric fracture fixation, which  shortened the time patients stay in bed to reduce complications and improved the hip joint function. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Correlation of intraocular lens forward movement with human eye diopter adjustment Zhu Hai-feng, Zhang Ya-ping, Li Shu-guang, Huang Liu-bin, Liu Yan-min 2010, 14 (17):  3213-3216.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.044 Abstract ( 77 )   PDF (247KB) ( 652 )   Save BACKGROUND: The intraocular lens can move forward during cataract optic capsular surgery, but the changes in the human eye diopter cannot be monitored in such a dynamically adjustment process, it is difficult to obtain clinical data which could reveal the correlation between intraocular lens forward and human eye diopter adjustment. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of intraocular lens movement on the adjustment of human eye diopter. METHODS: Based on Hwey-Lan Liou eye model, using optical design software ZEMAX to realize ray tracing, the relationship of intraocular lens forward in the eye with the adjustment of human eye diopter was investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Once the intraocular lens forward for a certain distance, human eye obtained the amount of accommodating diopter was not constant; the adjustment amount depended on the axial length and the required intraocular lens implantation, especially in axial length; for the intraocular lens forward of the surgical eyes at different axial lengths, the amount of accommodating human eye diopter was negatively correlated with axial length. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Face convexity changes in class II malocclusion patients after Twin-block appliance therapy Liu Ya-fei, Cui Li-juan, Zuo Yan-ping, Liu Xue-cong, Liu Xin 2010, 14 (17):  3217-3221.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.045 Abstract ( 167 )   PDF (363KB) ( 545 )   Save BACKGROUND: Twin-block appliance has been confirmed to efficiently change hard tissue and the profile of soft tissue. Whether a linear relationship exists between soft tissue and hard tissue changes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the face convexity changes of soft and hard tissues after Twin-block appliance therapy and compare with controls.  METHODS: Thirty-one class II division 1 malocclusion subjects with hand-wrist radiographs in FG-G stage were selected. Among the 31 patients, 17 received Twin-block appliance therapy, serving as experimental group, and the remaining 14 subjects abandoned treatment, serving as control group. Cephalometric radiographs of each included subject were taken prior to and after treatment or observation. Face convexity of soft and hard tissues, as well as the face convexity changes, was compared between the experimental and control groups. Linear regression equation was employed to analyze the linear association between soft- and hard-tissue changes. Regression equations of experimental and control groups were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Prior to and after Twin-block appliance therapy, a significant correlation existed between the position changes of superior and inferior alveolar sockets relative to the nose and mandible, and the position changes of upper and lower lip pits relative to the nose and mandible, i.e., there was a linear correlation between A-E change and Ss-E change, and between B-E change and Si-E change. The largest Pearson's correlation coefficient (0.839) appeared between Si-E change and B-E change, indicating the best correlativity between these two changes. Statistical analysis revealed that the linear equations of face convexity changes of soft and hard tissues after Twin-block appliance therapy were Si-E = 0.745 B-E, Ss-E = 0.276 A-E. These linear equations would be helpful to explain mandible growth and face convexity change after Twin-block appliance therapy and predict the prognosis of face convexity change. ★ Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in prevention and treatment of complications after cerebrovascular stent placement Liang Hong 2010, 14 (17):  3222-3225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.046 Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (202KB) ( 340 )   Save DBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of complications following cerebrovascular stent placement. METHODS: A computer screen was performed for Science Direct database and Ei database between January 1960 and October 2009, using key words of “traditional Chinese medicine, stent placement, complication”, and the language was limited to English. At the same time, Chinese Journal Full-text database and Chinese Biomedical Literature database between January 1994 and October 2009 were searched for related articles, using key words of “ traditional Chinese medicine, cerebral blood vessels, stent placement, complications’’, and the language was limited to Chinese. In addition, several monographs were manually consulted. The basic and clinical trials addressing the prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine on the complications following cerebrovascular stenting were included. RESULTS: Subsequent to the cerebrovascular stent placement, the traditional Chinese medicine interventions include benefiting Qi, invigorating blood circulation, and eliminating phlegm, which all serve as the basic approach, in addition these interventions are accompanied by relieving Qi and stagnancy in liver, soothing the nerves and benefiting water, cooling blood and stopping bleeding. The commonly used traditional Chinese medicine compound is consisted of Shengmai San, Buyang Huanwu decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, sini decoction and resist decoction. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that a large number of traditional Chinese medicine and compound which are always used to benefit Qi, invigorate blood circulation, dissipate blood stasis and eliminate phlegm, can effectively prevent the complications following cerebrovascular stent placement through a multi-component, multi-target, multi-channel integration regulatory role. CONCLUSION: The traditional Chinese medicine interventions during the peri-operative period of cerebral vascular stent placement exhibit a feature of Chinese medicine and play an important role for improving the success rate of surgery, preventing and reducting peri-operative period and long-term complications. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Interbody fusion cage implantation and bilateral inferior articular process resection for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis Cao Jun-ming, Zhang Di, Shen Yong, Zhang Ying-ze, Ding Wen-yuan, Yang Da-long, Xu Jia-xin 2010, 14 (17):  3226-3230.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.17.047 Abstract ( 116 )   PDF (264KB) ( 373 )   Save BACKGROUND: Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis could be treated by laminectomy internal fixation placement, unilateral or bilateral decompression, posterior laminectomy and so on. However, whether laminectomy internal fixation placement can be used remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of interbody fusion cage implantation of pedicle screw fixation, in combination with posterior lumbar laminectomy, bilateral resection and decompression of the inferior articular process, autologous facet joint bone transplantation in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS: A total of 41 patients of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, who failed after 3 months of conservative therapy, including 23 males and 18 females, at a mean of 60.3 years, received posterior lumbar laminectomy, bilateral inferior articular process resection and decompression, autologous facet joint bone and cage interbody fusion implant pedicle fixation. They were followed up for 24 months, preoperative and postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score evaluations were performed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of the patients, radiological examination was done to investigate the graft fusion and vertebral stability of surgical segments in patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the follow-up, JOA score significantly increased compared with the preoperative score  (P < 0.01) and clinical excellence rate was 90%; 40 cases obtained bony fusion, with a fusion rate of 98%, 1 patient exhibited signs of lumbar instability. There was no loosening, fracture and other complications after internal fixation, but 2 cases appeared dural tear, 1 case pedicle position deviation, 1 case pseudoarticulation formation. The results suggest that the posterior lumbar laminectomy, bilateral inferior articular process resection and decompression, autogenous facet joint bone and cage interbody fusion implanted pedicle screw fixation show good clinical effects for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Related Articles | Metrics