Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 401-407.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1998

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Pathogenesis and clinical treatment progress of Kienbock’s disease

Qu Xiaolong1, 2, Chen Tianyi1, 2, Zheng Bo1, 2, Cao Zongrui2, Jiang Tao2   

  1. 1Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2019-04-18 Revised:2019-04-22 Accepted:2019-06-12 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2019-12-26
  • Contact: Jiang Tao, Master, Chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Qu Xiaolong, Master candidate, Physician, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China

Abstract:


BACKGROUND: Kienbock’s disease is aseptic necrosis of the lunate bone due to various causes, and its pathogenesis is unknown. Because the soft tissue around the wrist articular surface is small, so it leads to poor blood supply, and the progressive necrosis is irreversible. Early specificity is poor, clinical diagnosis rate is low, and late teratogenicity and disability rate is high. The clinical diagnosis and treatment are complicated, and there are many procedures, but there is no accurate guidance.
OBJECTIVE: To review the current research status of mechanism, stage and clinical diagnosis of Kienbock’s disease, to summarize the clinical treatment of Kienbock’s disease in recent years, so as to discuss the clinical efficacy of various programs and provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed and CNKI databases from 1970 to 2019 was conducted. Key words were “Kienbock’s disease, lunate bone, necrosis, mechanism, treatment” in English and Chinese, respectively. About 900 articles were retrieved, and 52 articles eligible for the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The pathogenesis of Kienbock’s disease is unknown, its etiology is complex, and researchers believe that anatomy and biomechanics, and individual factors are main causes, which still need further research. (2) The Lichtman stage is widely used in Kienbock’s disease classification. The latest breakthrough in arthroscopy is expected to form a new classification standard, which can be diagnosed by X-ray, CT or MRI combined with “triple sign”. It has poor early specificity, so the rate of misdiagnosis is high, and it should be identified with wrist diseases. (3) Early-stage Kienbock’s disease usually receive conservative treatment, and advanced stage tends to undergo surgical programs, including free vascularized bone graft, the lumate resection + tendon tamponade, radial wedge and shortening osteotomy, scaphotrapeziotrapezoid fusion, proximal row carpectomy, and bone cement prosthesis replacement, and the follow-up outcomes are different, so there is still no perfect treatment program.

Key words: Kienbock’s disease, lunate bone, ulnar variance, aseptic necrosis, osteotomy

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