Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (31): 6765-6771.doi: 10.12307/2025.541

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Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles stimulate osteoblasts, inhibit osteoclasts, and promote osteogenesis

Yao Wenxin1, Wang Yi1, 2, Cai Lin2, Feng Xiaobo1   

  1. 1Department of Pain Management, 2Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2024-05-15 Accepted:2024-07-26 Online:2025-11-08 Published:2025-02-27
  • Contact: Wang Yi, MD, Attending physician, Department of Pain Management, and Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Corresponding author: Cai Lin, MD, Professor, Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Corresponding author: Feng Xiaobo, MD, Chief physician, Department of Pain Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Yao Wenxin, Master candidate, Department of Pain Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Fund for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. LCYFMS2024002 (to FXB); Excellent Doctor Fund Project of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. ZNYB2023004 (to WY)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis affects the quality of life of patients and is prone to pathological fractures, and plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles play an important role in regulating bone balance in patients with osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research status and prospect of different plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles in the treatment of osteoporosis. 
METHODS: Relevant literature in PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched by computer. Search time was from January 1995 to March 2024. The Chinese and English search terms were “osteoporosis, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, exosomes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts.” Finally, 53 articles were included and analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Plant-derived exosom-like nanovesicles have the advantages of low biocompatibility, low toxicity, and natural targeting. These properties not only ensure its stable presence and effective effect in the body, but also avoid unnecessary immune responses, laying the foundation for the design of long-term treatment strategies. Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles can be anti-osteoporosis by stimulating osteoblast proliferation, inhibiting osteoclast differentiation, and promoting osteo-inhibition osteoclasts. In addition, some plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles may be widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in the future as novel tracer targets and treatment options due to their bone-targeting.

Key words: osteoporosis, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicle, exosome, osteoblast, osteoclast, engineered exosome

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