Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (33): 7231-7240.doi: 10.12307/2025.837

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Artificial intelligence and cervical spine image recognition: application prospects and challenges

Wang Simin1, Zhang Dezhou1, Zhao Jing1, Wang Chaoqun2, Li Kun3, 4, Chen Jie3, Bai Xue4, Zhao Hailong4, Zhang Shaojie3, 4, Ma Yuan4, Hao Yunteng4, Yang Yang3, Li Zhijun3, 4, Shi Jun5, Wang Xing3, 4   

  1. 1Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 3Anatomy Teaching and Research Section, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 4Digital Medicine Center/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Digital Translational Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 5Physiology Teaching and Research Section, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-07-17 Accepted:2024-09-05 Online:2025-11-28 Published:2025-04-15
  • Contact: Wang Xing, MD, Associate professor, Anatomy Teaching and Research Section, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; Digital Medicine Center/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Digital Translational Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Shi Jun, Associate professor, Physiology Teaching and Research Section, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Simin, Master candidate, Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Zhang Dezhou, Master candidfate, Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region College Young Science and Technology Talent Support Program, No. NJYT22009 (to WX); Key Research Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2021ZD011 (to WX); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health Commission Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan Project, No. 202201217 (to WX); Inner Mongolia Medical University Doctoral Start-up Fund Project, No. YKD2023BSQD014 (to WX); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Master's Research Innovation Program, No. S20231186Z (to WSM); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Master's Research Innovation Program, No. S20231182Z (to HYT)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cervical spondylosis is a chronic degenerative disease that has become one of the most common and frequent diseases threatening human health. At present, the initial diagnosis of the cervical spine and its surrounding structures mainly relies on the interpretation of medical images by radiologists, which not only requires a high level of technical requirements for operators, but also has the disadvantages of strong subjectivity, high labor intensity, and low efficiency. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, its powerful data processing and image recognition capabilities have shown broad application prospects in the medical field. Deep learning has also made certain progress in the research of spinal diseases. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the current status and research progress in the application of artificial intelligence technology in cervical spine imaging images in recent years, evaluating the performance of artificial intelligence models as well as future trends and challenges to be overcome. 
METHODS: The first author searched the relevant articles in WanFang, CNKI, and PubMed in June 2024. The Chinese search terms were “artificial intelligence, deep learning, cervical spine.” English serach terms were “artificial intelligence, AI, cervical vertebrae, cervical.” Finally, 101 articles were included and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Artificial intelligence technology can realize automatic segmentation of cervical vertebrae and measurement of curvature change by segmentation, classification, landmarks recognition of medical image parts, detect cervical vertebral fracture, nerve root, and spinal cord type cervical spondylosis, identify cervical spine ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, and predict post-surgery related risk factors and cervical vertebra maturation classification. (2) Although artificial intelligence technology has shown great potential in the field of cervical spine research, it is still in the early stages of exploration and rapid development, with unlimited room for development and innovation.

Key words: artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence model, deep learning, cervical spine, medical imaging, research advance, clinical application, engineered tissue construction

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