Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2011, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 409-412.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.03.007

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Biocompatibility and mechanical properties of naturally derived and synthetic scaffolds for urethral reconstruction

Feng Chao1, Xu Yue-min1, Zhu Wei-dong1, Cui Lei2, Chen Jie3   

  1. 1Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai   200233, China; 2Shanghai Tissue Engineering Research and Development Center, Shanghai   200235, China; 3Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai   200233, China
  • Received:2010-08-13 Revised:2010-10-21 Online:2011-01-15 Published:2011-01-15
  • About author:Feng Chao☆, Doctor, Physician, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China fengchao9901790@yahoo.com.cn
  • Supported by:

    Doctoral Innovation Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. BXJ0928*; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30772159*

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Recently debates on what kinds of urethral repair and reconstruction of tissue engineering scaffolds are more suitable occurred constantly, its evaluation of biocompatibility and mechanical properties are also poorly reported.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical properties and biocompatibility applied to urethral repair and reconstruction of a variety of biomaterials.
METHODS: Small intestinal submucosa (SIS), bladder acellular matrix graft (BAMG), and acellular corpus spongiosum matrix (ACSM) were prepared by decellularization method; polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold was prepared by knitting method. Uniaxial tensile mechanical testing was conducted to determine biomechanical properties of each scaffold; the surface pore size of scaffold was determined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Cytotoxicity of various biomaterials was detected by MTT assay. Corporal cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCMSc) were inoculated in all scaffolds, cell permeability was further assessed after 13 days cultured in vitro. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Biomechanical evaluation showed that the detection results of ACSM in terms of elastic modulus and fracture strength was prior to other materials (P < 0.05). MTT assay showed that all the scaffolds were in support of normal cell growth and metabolism without obvious cytotoxicity. PGA showed the largest pore size in the scanning electron microscope (> 200 μm); meanwhile, the ACSM has different pore sizes in urethral (< 5 μm) and corpus cavernosum surfaces   (> 10 μm). Widespread distribution of cells could be observed in PGA 14 days after seeding. There was no obvious sign of cell penetration in BAMG and ACSM urethral surfaces. However, significant cell penetration growth performances in cavernosal surfaces of SIS and ACSM were observed. It is indicated that all scaffolds demonstrated good biocompatibility, which is similar to normal urethral tissue in terms of mechanical properties. However, ACSM has certain advantages in many parameters of mechanics and histology.

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