Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (36): 6733-6737.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.36.019

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Allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in rats and vascular endothelial growth factor expression  

Cai Qian, Dong Fang, Liu Yi   

  1. Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Area Command of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou  730050, Gansu Province, China
  • Online:2010-09-03 Published:2010-09-03
  • About author:Cai Qian☆, Doctor, Associate professor, Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Area Command of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China caiqxsf@yahoo.com.cn

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Autologous bone marrow stem cells and autologous peripheral blood stem cells are commonly used to treat diabetic foot ulcer in clinic. Few studies have addressed basic research of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for diabetic foot ulcer.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of local transplantation of allogeneic BMSCs in the treatment of rats with diabetic foot ulcers and the systemic and local expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
METHODS: A total of 90 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (normal foot ulcers), BMSCs treatment group and diabetic control group. Rat models of type 2 diabetic foot ulcers were established in the BMSCs treatment group and diabetic control group. Following model induction, allogenic BMSCs and stem cell medium DMEM were respectively injected. At 1, 4 and 8 days following model establishment, rat ulcer area was observed in each group. Nucleus staining tracing and pathological examination were conducted. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to measure VEGF concentration in peripheral blood. Western blot assay was employed to detect VEGF concentration in local region.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with diabetic control group, ulcer healed faster in the BMSCs treatment group, but slower than control group. Peripheral blood VEGF expression increased, but did not reach normal levels. In early days of allogenic BMSCs treatment (1-4 days), VEGF concentration was significantly elevated, but slightly elevated in late days (8 days). In the BMSCs treatment group, healing was slow; epidermis was not completely covered. The healing was significantly early compared with diabetic control group, and epidermis was obviously covered. Nucleus staining demonstrated that transplanted stem cells gathered in the regions surrounding ulcers. These indicated that allogenic BMSCs can promote the healing of diabetic foot ulcers in rats. The mechanism may be that it increased the VEGF expression in systemic condition, especially local condition.

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