Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To discuss application of pedicle screws in thoracolumbar fractures internal fixation and evaluate the biocompatibility.
METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database (1989/2009) and CNKI (1989/2009) was performed with key words “pedicle screws, thoracolumbar, fractures, biocompatibility” in English and Chinese. A total of 57 articles were collected, and 31 were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS: Posterior pedicle screw internal fixation system is an effective tool for thoracolumbar fractures. However, the screw breakage frequently occurs. Pedicle screw internal fixation in combination with autologous bone or artificial materials in cavity of lesioned vertebra effectively reduces implant loosening, breakage, but the cost is high. Full bone implants in internal fixation and withdrawal following fracture healing can effectively prevent spinal fixator breakage. Pedicle screws of stainless steel have great intensity, but poor histocompatibility. The biocompatibility of titanium materials for internal fixation is good, but their rigidity is small.
CONCLUSION: Pedicle screw internal fixation system is an effective method for thoracolumbar fractures. The biocompatibility of various pedicle screws requires improvement. For example, the biocompatibility of titanium materials for internal fixation is good, but their rigidity is poor, while the stainless steel has great intensity, but poor histocompatibility.