Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (11): 1544-1560.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.11.004

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Chondrocyte-like differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with chondrocytes on a three-dimensional scaffold

Yang Meng, Shao Bo, Gong Zhong-cheng, Ning Xiao-ting, Liu Hui, Rekemu Abasi, Ling Bin, Yin Xiao-peng, Wang Bing, Hu Lu-lu, Wang Yue, Hu Xin, Lin Zhao-quan   

  1. Oncological Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology College of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2016-01-18 Online:2016-03-11 Published:2016-03-11
  • Contact: Gong Zhong-cheng, M.D., Professor, Associate chief physician, Oncological Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology College of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Yang Meng, Studying for master’s degree, Oncological Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology College of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Gong Zhong-cheng, M.D., Professor, Associate chief physician, Oncological Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology College of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Yang Meng and Gong Zhong-cheng contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31260229; the Project for Training Youth Talents of Scientific Innovation in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 2014721046

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The co-culture of chondrocytes and synovial mesenchymal stem cells can induce the cartilage differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, but the cell differentiation induced by co-culture in vivo is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chondrogenic differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with chondrocytes on the chitosan/type I collagen composite scaffolds after being transplanted into the subcutaneous layer of Sprague-Dawley rats.
METHODS: The synovial mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes harvested from the synovial membrane and articular cartilage of Sprague-Dawley rats were obtained by enzyme digestion method and cultured respectively. Passage 3 synovial mesenchymal stem cells and passage 2 chondrocytes, which were divided into four groups: group A (chondrocytes alone), group B (synovial mesenchymal stem cells alone), group C (ratio of synovial mesenchymal stem cells:chondrocytes=1:2) and group D (scaffold material without cells), were cultured on chitosan/type I collagen composite scaffolds and transplanted into the subcutaneous layer of rats followed by morphological observation and immunohistochemical staining at 4 and 8 weeks.   .
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 4 and 8 weeks, the discoid-like scaffold was visible. The immunohistochemical staining of type II collagen and the toluidine blue staining of aggrecan were significantly positive in groups A and C. These results show that the co-culture of synovial mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes on the scaffold in vivo can form cartilage-like tissues.