Body composition and bone mineral density of juvenile basketball players versus ordinary middle school students: data from a middle school

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0602

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studying the body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) of juvenile basketball players is not only related to the long-term development of basketball, but also related to the sustainability of national fitness.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of basketball on the body composition and BMD in 14-year-old Han population, and to analyze the differences in BMD between sexes, and the causes.
METHODS: Two hundred seventy 14-year-old middle school students of Han nationality in Zhengzhou were enrolled, 79 juvenile basketball players were included as athlete group (28 males, 51 females), 87 ordinary middle school students without consideration of height and body mass as control group 1 (32 males, 55 females), and 104 ordinary middle school students, whose height and body mass were similar to the juvenile basketball players as control group 2 (40 males, 64 females). The relevant data of daily life were obtained by questionnaire survey. The BMD of the middle segment of middle finger of handedness was measured by Aleris Metriscan. The height and body mass were detected, and the body mass index was calculated. The body composition was analyzed using DBA-550 Body Composition Analyzer, and the relative ratio of body mass was calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The total water content of female juvenile basketball players was significantly higher than that of female ordinary middle school students (P < 0.05). The protein ratio of juvenile basketball players was significantly higher than that of ordinary middle school students with same sex (P < 0.05), especially in females (P < 0.01). There were significant differences in the fat and fat-free body mass between two groups with same sex (P < 0.01). The inorganic salt ratio of juvenile basketball players was significantly higher than that of ordinary middle school students of the same sex (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the BMD of middle finger between athlete group and control group 2 (P < 0.05), and the BMD in the control group 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group 1 of the same sex (P < 0.05). The daily physical exercise time of the juvenile basketball players was significantly higher than that of ordinary students, and the other indicators of life performance showed no obvious regularity. These results indicate that basketball plays a good role in improving the body composition, can reduce the fat content, improve the contents of protein, water, inorganic salts and fat-free body mass. Meanwhile, basketball can increase the BMD of middle finger, which can be used for preventing and treating obesity and osteoporosis. Additionally, the body composition and BMD indexes of basketball players can provide reference for the training and selection.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Basketball, Sports Medicine, Body Composition, Bone Density, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R443

Zhang Yuantong. Body composition and bone mineral density of juvenile basketball players versus ordinary middle school students: data from a middle school[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2019, 23(3): 341-347.

Figures/Tables 3

2.1 受试者数量分析试验共招募受试者560人，通过问卷调查分析后符合条件进入试验环节的共270人。采用SPSS 20.0数据统计软件对实验所得的身体成分比率和中指骨密度相关数据进行boxplot检验，共发现中指骨密度奇异值1个，该受试者是男性篮球运动员，其骨密度值超出了正常范围。1名来自于对照组1的女性受试者身体成分指标也出现了奇异值。对于日常生活习惯指标也出现了1个奇异值，涉及到1名对照组2的男生受试者。凡是出现奇异值的受试者，其相关数据已全部进行了剔除。对于出现的极值全部进行了重复测量，发现数据具有可靠性，取2次测量数值的平均数作为最终的试验数据。因此试验受试者的有效数量为267人，其中运动员组为78人(男性27人，女性51人)，对照组1为86人(男性32人，女性54人)，对照组2为103人(男性39人，女性64人)，其相关数据进入了统计结果。 2.2 少年篮球运动员性别不同组别身体形态指标的均值比较见表1。对于身高和体质量这2个指标，运动员组和对照组1比较差异有非常显著性意义(P < 0.01)，运动员组和对照组2比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，对照组1和对照组2比较差异有非常显著性意义(P < 0.01)。体质量指数在各组之间差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。 2.3 少年篮球运动员身体各成分比率(%)和普通中学生之间的均值比较见表2。 (1)女性少年篮球运动员身体中的总水分比率显著性的高于同性别的普通中学生(P < 0.05)，而这一指标在男性的两组之间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)； (2)对于身体中蛋白质比率，不论男女，少年篮球运动员和普通中学生之间差异都有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，尤其是女性，两组之间差异有非常显著性意义(P < 0.01)，具体表现为少年篮球运动员身体中蛋白质比率高于普通中学生； (3)对于脂肪和去脂体质量这两个比率指标来说，不论男女，少年篮球运动员和普通中学生之间差异都有非常显著性意义(P < 0.01)，具体表现为少年篮球运动员身体中脂肪比率低，而去脂体质量比率高； (4)同性别的少年篮球运动员无机盐比率显著性高于普通中学生(P < 0.05)。"

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