Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (8): 1281-1286.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0149

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DNA vaccines: mechanisms of action

Gao Xiao-pei1, Guan Xiao-yan1, 2, Bai Guo-hui 2, Liu Jian-guo1, 2   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China; 2the Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Institution of Higher Education in Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Zunyi, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2017-11-23 Online:2018-03-18 Published:2018-03-18
  • Contact: Liu Jian-guo, M.D., Professor, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China; the Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Institution of Higher Education in Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Zunyi, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Gao Xiao-pei, Master candidate, Physician, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81560186; the Social Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province, No. SY[2013]3043; the University Key Laboratory Construction Project of Guizhou Province, No. KY[2013]109; the Joint Fund of Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province, No. J-LKZ[2012]47

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In 1990, Wolff et al. reported that DNA was examined as a gene therapy tool, and emerged as a promising therapy after observations that simple injection of naked plasmid DNA and RNA led to profound transgene expression in vivo. DNA vaccines are recognized for harboring several distinguishing characteristics and advantages (including low cost, ease and rapidity of manufacturing, and stability) making them a method for addressing global health threats in the future.
OBJECTIVE: To review the status and research progress of DNA vaccines in the view of mechanism of action: innate immune signaling from bacterial DNA, transfecting somatic cell by DNA vaccines, cross-presentation and cross-activation, transfecting antigen presenting cells by DNA vaccines, and apoptosis.
METHODS: The first author retrieved the databases of PubMed and CNKI for the articles concerning DNA vaccines published between January 2000 and June 2017 using the keywords of “DNA vaccine, gene vaccine, plasmid DNA, cross-presentation, transfection, apoptosis” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 105 literatures were searched, and 47 eligible articles were included in accordance with the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The immunogenicity of DNA vaccines in humans has been limited by low expression levels of antigen, in comparison with the conventional protein vaccines in the past two decades. Studies on the mechanism of action of DNA vaccines in terms of antigen-presenting cell types able to cross-present DNA-encoded antigens, the activation of innate immune responses due to DNA itself and induction of cell apoptosis have suggested the opportunities to increase the immunogenicity of these vaccines.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Vaccines, DNA, Genes, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number: