Platelet-derived growth factor BB-loaded chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffold for repairing alveolar bone defects

doi:10.12307/2026.514

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that platelet-derived growth factor BB can stimulate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and accelerate the calcification process of osteoblast-like cells. However, its clinical application has problems such as short half-life and easy decomposition. Loading the growth factor onto a suitable biomaterial scaffold can enable its slow and continuous release and maintain an effective concentration, which has become a hot topic in current research.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds loaded with platelet-derived growth factor BB on the repair of alveolar bone defect in rats.
METHODS: (1) Chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds (referred to as CS/rGO scaffolds) and chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds loaded with different mass concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L) of platelet-derived growth factor BB (referred to as CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-5, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-10, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15, and CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-20 scaffolds) were prepared respectively. The five groups of scaffolds were co-cultured with rat periodontal ligament stem cells. The cell proliferation and migration were detected by CCK-8 assay and Transwell chamber assay, respectively, to screen the appropriate growth factor loading mass concentration for subsequent experiments. CS/rGO scaffolds (or extracts) and CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffolds (or extracts) were co-cultured with rat periodontal ligament stem cells, and the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic ability of the cells were detected. (2) The alveolar bone defect model was prepared in front of the bilateral maxillary first molars of 16 SD rats, and the rats were randomly divided into 4 intervention groups: the blank control group did not receive any intervention, the simple scaffold group was implanted with CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold, the control group was implanted with CS/rGO scaffold and rat periodontal ligament stem cell complex, and the experimental group was implanted with CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold and rat periodontal ligament stem cell complex, with 4 rats in each group. Twelve weeks after surgery, the bone repair of the alveolar bone defect was observed by Micro CT scanning and hematoxylin-eosin staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-5, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-10, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15, and CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-20 scaffolds could promote the proliferation and migration of rat periodontal ligament stem cells. Among them, the CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold had the most significant effect on promoting cell proliferation and migration, and this scaffold was used for subsequent experiments. Compared with the CS/rGO scaffold, the CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold could promote the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of rat periodontal ligament stem cells. (2) Micro CT scanning and hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that the experimental group had the best alveolar bone defect repair effect, and a large amount of new bone tissue and blood vessel formation could be seen. (3) The chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffold loaded with platelet-derived growth factor BB can effectively promote the repair of rat alveolar bone defects by promoting the proliferation, migration, angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation of rat periodontal ligament stem cells.

Key words: alveolar bone defect, scaffold, chitosan, reduced graphene oxide, platelet-derived growth factor BB, engineered dental material

CLC Number:

Bai Xiangyu, Huo Feng, Hao Yan, Wang Zecheng, Guo Xiaoyu. Platelet-derived growth factor BB-loaded chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffold for repairing alveolar bone defects[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(2): 329-337.

Figures/Tables 11

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