Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 1620-1625.doi: 10.12307/2024.311

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Regenerative endodontic therapy based on tissue engineering mediating by inflammatory microenvironment

Rao Jin, Jiang Shui, Shi Haishan   

  1. School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-08 Accepted:2023-05-13 Online:2024-04-08 Published:2023-08-21
  • Contact: Shi Haishan, PhD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Rao Jin, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Program, No. 202102021127 (to SHS)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, regenerative endodontic therapy is a promising alternative to the maturation of tissue engineering. Inflammatory microenvironment plays a key role in regulating pulp regeneration.
OBJECTIVE: To focus on the change in the inflammatory pulp microenvironment, the balance between inflammation and regeneration, and the research advances in tissue-engineered regenerative endodontic therapy within the context of the inflammatory microenvironment to provide a reference for future investigations into regenerative endodontic therapy.
METHODS: We conducted a literature search on PubMed and CNKI using search terms “pulp regeneration, inflammation, regenerative endodontic therapy, tissue engineering” in Chinese and English for articles published between 2013 and 2023. The review finally included 61 relevant articles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The changes in the microenvironment of pulpitis involve a complex interplay of cellular and molecular reactions, which, as inflammation progresses, ultimately the microenvironment hinders tissue repair more than facilitates it. (2) Inflammation can promote dental pulp regeneration through stem cell recruitment and activate the complement system, but it can also hinder the regenerative process through immunosuppression and fibrosis. (3) Tissue engineering’s three components (stem cells, growth factors, scaffold materials) collaborate to balance inflammation and regeneration, for example, by using interleukin-6 to regulate dental pulp stem cells and foster a regenerative environment. (4) Current research has been largely silent on infection and inflammation issues. The mechanisms underlying changes in the microenvironment of pulpitis are still not fully understood. One promising avenue for improving the clinical applicability of regenerative dental pulp therapy is to achieve precise regulation of the inflammatory-regeneration balance and create a regenerative microenvironment by synergistically leveraging the three elements of tissue engineering. However, this field of investigation still exhibits significant gaps in understanding, necessitating further exploration into innovative strategies for facilitating dental pulp regeneration under inflammation. As such, additional animal experimentation and randomized clinical trials are required to establish a robust foundation for the clinical practice of tissue engineering-based regenerative dental pulp therapy.

Key words: tissue engineering, regenerative endodontic therapy, pulp regeneration, inflammation, inflammatory microenvironment, stem cell, growth factor, scaffold

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