Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (13): 2099-2105.doi: 10.12307/2022.340

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Potential new target effects between exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and various hematological tumors

Li Lichun, Li Xiaofeng, Li Jianping   

  1. Liaoning Blood Center (Shenyang Central Blood Station), Shenyang 110044, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-05-27 Revised:2021-06-02 Accepted:2021-06-16 Online:2022-05-08 Published:2021-12-20
  • Contact: Li Jianping, MD, Professor, Liaoning Blood Center (Shenyang Central Blood Station), Shenyang 110044, Liaoning Province, China Li Xiaofeng, Master, Professor, Liaoning Blood Center (Shenyang Central Blood Station), Shenyang 110044, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Li Lichun, Master, Liaoning Blood Center (Shenyang Central Blood Station), Shenyang 110044, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Foundation Program of Liaoning Province, No. 2020-MS-354 (to LXF)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent stem cells that exist in various tissues. The exosomes are communication carriers between cells, which can deliver biologically active molecules, such as lipids, nucleic acids and proteins between cells. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells are the main component of the tumor microenvironment and play an important role in the development, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumors.
OBJECTIVE: To review the new developments in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hematological tumors, and explain the potential new target effects between it and various hematological malignancies. 
METHODS: A computer search was performed for articles related to exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases from January 1900 to April 2021. Chinese and English search terms were “mesenchyma stem cell, exosomes, hematological tumor”. A total of 440 articles were retrieved, and 59 articles that met the subject criteria were finally included. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) With the introduction of the concept of precision medicine, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells are considered to be an important way for cells to communicate with each other. (2) As a biological tumor of hematology and important mediator of markers and cell-to-cell transmission, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have played an important role in abnormal coagulation in hematological malignancies, promoting blood vessel formation, inhibiting bone marrow hematopoiesis, changing the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment, affecting the immune system, reducing tumor cell apoptosis and drug resistance mechanisms and other aspects. (3) Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells still face many challenges in the process of clinical application. Continuous improvement and standardization of exosomes separation and purification methods are required to ensure the safety of clinical applications of exosomes and enhance the comparability and reproducibility of clinical applications. (4) The pharmacokinetics, biogenesis, and biodistribution mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of clinical hematological tumors are still in the initial stage of clinical research. How various biomolecules transported by exosomes can regulate recipient cells and change the state and fate of cells in the body is still unknown. (5) In-depth research requires us to make a new discovery between mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and various hematological malignancies in order to provide a better experimental basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of human hematological tumor diseases.

Key words: stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, extraction and isolation, identification, advantages, hematological tumors, review

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