中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 329-334.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.03.001

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

鸡尾酒疗法减少全膝关节置换后隐性失血

时利军1,高福强2,孙 伟2,王卫国2,程立明2,郭万首2   

  1. 1北京大学医学部中日友好临床医学院,北京市  1000292北京中日友好医院骨关节外科,北京市 100029
  • 修回日期:2016-12-20 出版日期:2017-01-28 发布日期:2017-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 孙伟,主任医师,博士生导师,北京中日友好医院骨关节外科,北京市 100029
  • 作者简介:时利军,男,1990年生,河南省开封市人,汉族,北京大学医学部中日友好临床医学院在读硕士,主要从事股骨头坏死的基础和临床研究。 时利军和高福强为共同第一作者。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81372013);中日友好医院院级课题(2014-4-QN-29);中日友好医院青年科技英才计划(2014-QNYC-A-06)

Cocktail therapy reduces hidden blood loss after total knee arthroplasty

Shi Li-jun1, Gao Fu-qiang2, Sun Wei2, Wang Wei-guo2, Cheng Li-ming2, Guo Wan-shou2   

  1. 1China-Japan Friendship Medical School, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100029, China; 2Orthopedic Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • Revised:2016-12-20 Online:2017-01-28 Published:2017-03-14
  • Contact: Sun Wei, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Orthopedic Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • About author:Shi Li-jun, Studying for master’s degree, China-Japan Friendship Medical School, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100029, China Shi Li-jun and Gao Fu-qiang contributed equally to this paper.
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81372013; a grant from China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2014-4-QN-29; the Young Technology Talent Program of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2014-QNYC-A-06

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
隐性失血:是指术中、术后外渗在组织间隙和积留在关节腔内的血液,以及由于溶血作用所导致的血红蛋白丢失,学者称这种现象为隐性失血。隐性失血的主要临床表现是肢体肿胀及较大面积的瘀斑,影响患者术后功能恢复。
肾上腺素:主要是通过降低血流峰值减少局部血流量进而减少出血,一般在止血带释放后20-30 min内血管内血流量较大。松开止血带之前在关节腔局部注射肾上腺素可以使周围血管收缩,使血流峰值下降。此外,肾上腺素通过α2黏附分子使血小板聚集,血小板聚集可以促进血液凝固,进而减少出血。这些作用机制可以解释肾上腺素和氨甲环酸减少患者术中(促进周围血管收缩)及术后(促进凝血)失血的有效性。
 
摘要
背景:全膝关节置换术后失血是比较常见的临床问题,会影响患者的置换效果。氨甲环酸作为一种止血药物,越来越多的被应用于减少人工关节置换术后出血,但是对同时使用氨甲环酸和其他药物止血效果的研究还很少。
目的:评估初次单侧全膝关节置换术中局部应用鸡尾酒(氨甲环酸和肾上腺素混合液)对减少患者围手术期失血量、降低输血率的有效性和安全性。
方法:将中日友好医院骨关节外科2013年7月至2015年10月入院拟行初次单侧全膝关节置换的113患者随机分为鸡尾酒组(57例)和氨甲环酸组(56例)。手术过程中在鸡尾酒组患者关节腔内注射鸡尾酒[3 g氨甲环酸和0.25 mg稀释肾上腺素(1∶200 000)的混合溶液],氨甲环酸组关节腔内单纯注射3 g氨甲环酸溶液,所有患者置换术后均不放置引流管。围手术期观察患者术中失血量、术后显性失血量、隐性失血量及异体输血量;在术后90 d内,观察患者有无症状性深静脉血栓和肺动脉栓塞的发生。
结果与结论:①全膝关节置换时,与单纯局部应用氨甲环酸相比,鸡尾酒组患者手术总失血量(P=0.007)、隐性失血量(P=0.000)以及术后异体输血率(0% vs. 5.4%)均较低,并且不增加患者血栓栓塞及血栓形成等并发症的风险(P > 0.05);②结果提示,全膝关节置换时稀释肾上腺素联合使用氨甲环酸的止血效果优于单纯使用氨甲环酸,而且不会产生严重的不良反应,可作为减少全膝关节置换术后失血的重要方法。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID:
0000-0001-6559-1604(时利军)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 局部应用, 鸡尾酒, 氨甲环酸, 肾上腺素, 异体输血, 隐性失血, 全膝关节置换, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Blood loss after total knee arthroplasty is a common problem that will affect the clinical effects. As a kind of hemostatic medicine, tranexamic acid has been more and more used in reducing bleeding after joint replacement. However, there are few studies concerning the combined use of tranexamic acid with other hemostatic drugs.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-articular administration of cocktail wine (tranexamic acid plus diluted-epinephrine) on perioperative blood loss and transfusion in primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: From July 2013 to October 2015, 113 patients scheduled to undergo total knee arthroplasty were randomized into two groups. Cocktail wine group (57 patients) received intra-articular cocktail wine (3 g tranexamic acid plus 0.25 mg diluted-epinephrine; 1:200 000). Tranexamic acid group (56 patients) received 3 g topical tranexamic acid alone. All patients were not drain inserted after the operation. During perioperative period, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative dominant blood loss, occult blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were observed. Within postoperative 90 days, the incidences of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The topical administration of cocktail wine significantly reduced total blood loss (P = 0.007), hidden blood loss (P=0.000) and transfusion rate (0% vs. 5.4%), without increasing the risk of thromboembolic and hemodynamic complications (P > 0.05). (2) Therefore, the hemostatic effect of topical tranexamic acid plus diluted-epinephrine was better than tranexamic acid alone. Their combination does not produce severe adverse reactions, and can be used as an important method to reduce blood loss after total knee arthroplasty. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Tranexamic Acid, Epinephrine, Blood Loss, Surgical, Tissue Engineering

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