中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 459-463.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.04.001

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

氨甲环酸静脉或局部及联合应用初次单侧全髋关节置换:围置换期出血及输血率的比较

赵清斌,任姜栋,张晓岗,吾湖孜•吾拉木   

  1. 新疆医科大学第一附属医院关节外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-30 出版日期:2016-01-22 发布日期:2016-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 张晓岗,副教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,新疆医科大学第一附属医院关节外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:赵清斌,男,汉族,1989年生,山东省烟台市人。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区科技项目计划(201332106)

Comparison of perioperative blood loss and transfusion rate in primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty by topical, intravenous application or combined application of tranexamic acid

Zhao Qing-bin, Ren Jiang-dong, Zhang Xiao-gang, Wu Hu-zi•Wu Lamu   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2015-11-30 Online:2016-01-22 Published:2016-01-22
  • Contact: Zhang Xiao-gang, Associate professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zhao Qing-bin, Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

     the Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 201332106

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

氨甲环酸:是一类抗纤溶药物,其结构为赖氨酸类似物,能够竞争性结合纤溶蛋白酶原的激活位点,从而达到抑制纤溶亢进的作用。

围关节置换期出血率评价:全髋人工关节置换可引起大量的失血,其主要分为术中、术后引流的显性失血以及手术所致纤溶亢进导致的隐性失血。评价出血率的主要指标为总失血量,总红细胞丢失量/红细胞比容术前。围置换期总失血量=自体血回输量+异体血输血量+总失血量。

 

背景:目前氨甲环酸在髋关节置换中已被广泛应用,研究已证实静脉与局部单独应用的安全性及有效性,但静脉和局部同时应用的效果尚不明确。
目的:探讨静脉、局部以及静脉和局部同时应用氨甲环酸对初次单侧人工全髋关节置换患者围置换期出血量及输血率的对比研究。
方法:选取2014年7月至2015年6月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院行初次单侧全髋人工关节置换的136例患者,随机分配为3组:局部应用氨甲环酸组术中关闭关节腔前关节腔内注射1 g氨甲环酸,共计44例;静脉氨甲环酸组将1 g氨甲环酸配入250 mL生理盐水中,手术切皮前10 min静点,共计44例;静脉与局部同时应用氨甲环酸组则于手术切皮前10 min静点1 g氨甲环酸、术中关闭关节腔前关节腔内注射1 g氨甲环酸,共计48例;比较3组围置换期总失血量、输血率、血红蛋白下降最大值、红细胞比容下降最大值以及下肢深静脉血栓发生率的变化。

结果与结论:静脉和局部同时应用氨甲环酸组术后5 d内平均总失血量、血红蛋白平均下降最大值、红细胞比容平均下降最大值明显低于局部应用氨甲环酸组和静脉应用氨甲环酸组(P < 0.01),而局部应用氨甲环酸组与静脉应用氨甲环酸组的围置换期总失血量、血红蛋白下降最大值、红细胞比容下降最大值差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。患者136例均于术后第5天及1个月下肢血管多普勒超声检查未发现深静脉血栓且所有患者均未出现肺栓塞症状。结果证实,静脉和局部同时应用氨甲环酸可明显减少全髋关节置换患者术后失血量,疗效及安全性要优于两者单独应用,3种疗法治疗后的输血率无显著差异。  

 

ORCID: 0000-0001-7123-0346(张晓岗)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 氨甲环酸, 全髋关节置换, 围置换期失血量, 静脉, 局部, 输血率, 下肢深静脉血栓, 植入物, 血红蛋白, 红细胞比容

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The tranexamic acid has been widely used in hip arthroplasty. Studies have confirmed that the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid when it is used in topical or intravenous application, but the effects are not clear when it is used in both topical and intravenous application.
OBJECTIVE: To compare perioperative blood loss and transfusion rate in primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty with topical, intravenous and both injection of tranexamic acid. 
METHODS: 136 patients undergoing primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty in the First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University between July 2014 and June 2015 were divided into three groups. Topical group: a total of 1 g tranexamic acid was given in the articular cavity of 44 cases. Intravenous group: 1 g tranexamic acid was immersed in 250 mL physiological saline, and given 10 minutes before operation in 44 cases. Combined group: 1 g tranexamic acid was intravenously given before operation, and then given in the articular cavity in 48 cases. Total blood loss, transfusion rate, the maximum hemoglobin decrease, the maximum hematocrit decrease, and incidence of deep vein thrombosis were compared among the three groups. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Total blood loss, the maximum hemoglobin decrease and the maximum hematocrit decrease were significantly lower in the combined group than in the topical group and intravenous group (P < 0.01). No significant difference in total blood loss, the maximum hemoglobin decrease and the maximum hematocrit decrease was detected between the topical group and intravenous group (P > 0.05). Doppler ultrasound examination of lower limb blood vessel at 5 days and 1 month after surgery in 136 patients did not demonstrate deep vein thrombosis. None of them suffered from pulmonary embolism. These findings confirm that intravenous and topical application of tranexamic acid could obviously reduce blood loss in patients with total hip arthroplasty. Curative effect and safety were superior to intravenous or topical application alone. No significant difference in transfusion rate was detected among the three methods.