中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (48): 7752-7757.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.48.008

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉置入固定骨质疏松性腰椎滑脱:1年随访

丁 权,陈 勇   

  1. 解放军南京军区南京总医院汤山分院骨二科,江苏省南京市 211131
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-06 出版日期:2015-11-26 发布日期:2015-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 陈勇,副主任医师,副教授,解放军南京军区南京总医院汤山分院骨二科,
  • 作者简介:丁权,1980年生,江苏省启东市人,2003年东南大学医学院毕业,医师,主要从事骨与关节损伤、矫形内固定技术方面的研究。

Bone cement-augmented pedicle screw fixation for lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with osteoporosis: 1-year follow-up 

Ding Quan, Chen Yong   

  1. Second Department of Orthopedics, Tangshan Branch of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA, Nanjing 211131, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2015-09-06 Online:2015-11-26 Published:2015-11-26
  • Contact: Chen Yong, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Second Department of Orthopedics, Tangshan Branch of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA, Nanjing 211131, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Ding Quan, Physician, Second Department of Orthopedics, Tangshan Branch of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA, Nanjing 211131, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

背景:对于合并骨质疏松症的腰椎滑脱患者,采用合适的内固定系统进行有效复位的同时具有良好的固定稳定性,是目前临床关注的热点问题。采用骨水泥灌注后的椎弓根螺钉钉棒系统可以实现椎弓根螺钉系统与椎体骨之间的有效固定。
目的:随访观察采用骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉系统对合并骨质疏松症的腰椎滑脱的固定效果。
方法:纳入17例经过骨密度检查确诊为骨质疏松症的腰椎滑脱症患者,采用后路切开复位内固定矫形的同时,共置入骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉68枚,通过近期随访观察其修复效果。采用患者治疗前及治疗后1周、3个月及1年随访时的腰腿痛目测类比评分、下肢Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)进行疗效评估,并通过影像学观察椎体高度和椎间隙高度变化、骨水泥灌注螺钉有无松动以及骨水泥渗漏情况。
结果与结论:与治疗前相比,治疗后1周、3个月及1年随访时患者的腰腿痛目测类比评分、下肢ODI均显著改善(P < 0.05),治疗后与随访时差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),说明能有效维持临床修复效果。治疗后3个月随访时发现有2例患者出现1枚椎弓根螺钉的松动现象;内固定过程中有7枚螺钉固定的椎体出现轻度的骨水泥渗漏,未出现症状及后续并发症。治疗前后及随访时患者的椎体高度及椎间隙高度差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。提示对合并骨质疏松症的腰椎滑脱患者采用强化骨水泥椎弓根螺钉系统置入内固定治疗,能够在有效复位滑脱椎体的同时,长期有效的提供良好的抗拔出力,固定效果稳定。骨水泥加固后对椎弓根螺钉具有良好的强化固定作用,生物相容性良好,可避免螺钉周围骨质疏松引起固定失败。 

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 骨质疏松症, 骨水泥, 椎弓根螺钉, 目测类比评分, ODI

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: For patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with osteoporosis, appropriate fixation system for effective reset and good fixation stability is currently a hot issue of clinical concern. Pedicle screw screw-rod system after bone cement perfusion can achieve the effective fixation between pedicle screw system and the vertebral bone.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of bone cement-augmented pedicle screw on patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with osteoporosis.
METHODS: 17 cases of lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with osteoporosis were identified by bone density test. They received the posterior open reduction and internal fixation, and implanted with 68 bone cement-augmented pedicle screws. Their repair effects were observed by short-term follow-up. Patients were evaluated using low back pain Visual Analog Scale and lower limb Oswestry Disability Index before treatment, 1 
week, 3 months and 1 year after treatment. Vertebral height, intervertebral height, screw loosening and bone cement leakage were observed using imaging.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with pre-treatment, low back pain Visual Analog Scale score and lower limb Oswestry Disability Index were significantly improved at 1 week, 3 months and 1 year after treatment (P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected between post-treatment and follow-up (P > 0.05), which indicated that clinical repair effect could be effectively maintained. At 3 months of follow-up, one screw loosening occurred in two patients. During fixation, mild bone cement leakage appeared in seven vertebral bodies with screw fixation, no symptoms or subsequent complications were observed. There were no significant differences in vertebral height and intervertebral height before and after treatment and during follow-up (P > 0.05). These results suggest that bone cement-augmented pedicle screw for patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with osteoporosis can effectively reset vertebral slippage, effectively provide good anti-pull-out force for a long term, and the effect was stable. Bone cement augmentation can perfectly strengthen fixation, shows good biocompatibility, and avoids osteoporosis around the screw-induced failure fixation. 

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