中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (44): 7188-7192.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.44.025

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换围置换期氨甲环酸的临床应用

王鑫瑞,王 涛,张志强   

  1. 山西医科大学附属第二临床医院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-17 出版日期:2015-10-22 发布日期:2015-10-22
  • 通讯作者: 张志强,主任医师,硕士生导师,山西医科大学附属第二临床医院骨关节科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:王鑫瑞,男,1988年生,山西省临汾市人,汉族,2015年山西医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事骨关节疾病方面的研究。

Clinical application of tranexamic acid in perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty

Wang Xin-rui, Wang Tao, Zhang Zhi-qiang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2015-08-17 Online:2015-10-22 Published:2015-10-22
  • Contact: Zhang Zhi-qiang, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Wang Xin-rui, Master, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

背景:全膝关置换目前尚未找到有效且安全的减少置换后失血的方法,氨甲环酸是一种人工合成赖氨酸抗纤溶药物,能够可逆地阻断纤溶酶原与纤维蛋白的结合从而阻止血凝块的纤维蛋白的降解,有效减少置换后出血,但这一减少出血的过程有可能增加术后静脉血栓和肺栓塞的发生风险。目前研究表明氨甲环酸在临床中最佳使用方式还未明确,关于置换后血栓事件的发生风险仍存在很多疑虑。
目的:对氨甲环酸在全膝关节置换中静脉、局部及口服3种使用方式有效性及安全性的研究进展作一综述。
方法:应用计算机检索1970年1月至2015年1月PubMed数据库和中国期刊全文数据库数据库,在标题和摘要中检索,英文检索词“Tranexamic acid;oral;topical;intravenous infusion;blood loss;safety;Total knee arthroplasty”;中文检索词“氨甲环酸;口服;局部使用;静脉滴注;失血量;安全性;全膝关节置换”。排除Meta分析、综述及重复性文章。
结果与结论:氨甲环酸在临床中的应用主要有静脉、局部、口服3种应用方式。在安全使用氨甲环酸的前提下不同的应用方式对患者出血量的控制不尽相同。相信随着氨甲环酸在全膝关节置换中及置换后的广泛应用,会有更加优化的使用方式,将全膝关节置换后失血量更好的控制。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 植入物, 人工假体, 全膝关节置换, 围手术期, 氨甲环酸, 失血量, 安全性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: We have not found an effective and safe way to reduce postoperative bleeding after total knee arthroplasty. Tranexamic acid is a synthetic lysine antifibrinolytic drug, can reversibly block the plasminogen binding to fibrin, which prevent degradation of fibrin clots, effectively reduce postoperative bleeding, but this process to reduce bleeding may increase the risk of postoperative venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The present study showed that the optimal use manner of tranexamic acid in the clinic was not clear. There are still a lot of doubts on the risk of postoperative thromboembolic events.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effectiveness and safety of three different ways (intravenous, topical and oral) of taking tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty. 
METHODS: We searched PubMed and Chinese Journal Full-text Database from January 1970 to January 2015 in the title and abstract. The key words were “tranexamic acid; oral; topical; intravenous infusion; blood loss; safety; total knee arthroplasty”. Meta-analysis, review and repeated articles were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The application of tranexamic acid in the clinic mainly contained intravenous, topical, oral modes. Under the premise of the safe use of tranexamic acid, different modes could control the amount of bleeding to different degrees. It is believed that with the wide use of tranexamic acid during and after total knee arthroplasty, there will be more optimal mode that can better control blood loss after total knee arthroplasty. 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Prosthesis Implantation, Tranexamic Acid, Blood Loss, Surgica, Tissue Engineering