中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (22): 3531-3537.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.22.017

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

椎体减压植入物内固定修复胸腰椎爆裂性骨折:随访验证后路途径更安全

贾金龙,杨庆国,张银顺,李  伟,刘广意   

  1. 安徽医科大学第一附属医院脊柱外科,安徽省合肥市  230022
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-20 出版日期:2015-05-28 发布日期:2015-05-28
  • 通讯作者: 杨庆国,主任医师,硕士生导师,安徽医科大学第一附属医院,安徽省合肥市 230022
  • 作者简介:贾金龙,男,1988年生,安徽省合肥市人,汉族,安徽医科大学第一附属医院骨科在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科研究。

Vertebral decompression and implant fixation for thoracolumbar burst fractures: posterior approach is safer in follow-up  

Jia Jin-long, Yang Qing-guo, Zhang Yin-shun, Li Wei, Liu Guang-yi   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2015-03-20 Online:2015-05-28 Published:2015-05-28
  • Contact: Yang Qing-guo, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Jia Jin-long, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

背景:既往对于严重胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤病例多采用前路修复治疗。而传统后路修复的优势在于具有更强的复位固定效果,但因其难以充分减压,伤椎前中柱也得不到良好地重建,矫正丢失、内固定失败也时有发生。何种修复方法更加理想,目前仍存在争议。
目的:对比分析前路和后路椎体次全切除重建减压内固定修复胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的效果。
方法:回顾性分析2006年5月至2012年12月采用前路和后路椎体次全切除重建减压内固定修复胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的42例患者资料,按修复方式分为两组,前路组23例,后路组19例。至少随访24个月,比较两组患者临床修复结果和影像学结果。
结果与结论:两组患者均未发生内固定松动和断裂,均得到良好骨性融合。前路组手术时间和术中出血量多于后路组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。后路组肺功能明显优于前路组(P < 0.05)。两组末次随访目测类比评分、日本骨科学会腰背痛评分及Frankel分级均较治疗前有明显改善,但组间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。治疗前、治疗后1周及末次随访时两组间伤椎椎体前缘高度、后凸Cobb角比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。治疗后并发症发生率前路组明显高于后路组(P < 0.05)。提示前路和后路椎体次全切除减压内固定均能有效修复胸腰椎爆裂性骨折,但后路修复方案并发症少,对肺功能影响小,是更为安全、与宿主生物相容性好的修复方式。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

 

关键词: 植入物, 脊柱植入物, 胸腰椎, 爆裂性骨折, 前路椎体次全切除, 后路椎体次全切除, 内固定

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Previously, serious thoracolumbar burst fractures with spinal cord injury were mainly treated by anterior surgery. The superiority of conventional posterior repair lies in strong reduction and fixation effects. However, it is difficult to fully decompression. The anterior and central cylinders of the injured vertebra cannot receive good reconstruction. Loss of correction and internal fixation failure always appear. It remains controversial which repair method is more ideal.
OBJECTIVE: To comparatively analyze the effect of posterior and anterior approaches with subtotal vertebrectomy, decompression, reconstruction of spine, and internal fixation for patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures.
METHODS: The data of 42 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture treated by anterior and posterior approaches with subtotal vertebrectomy, decompression, and reconstruction of spine from May 2006 to December 2012 was retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedures: anterior approach group (n=23) and posterior approach group (n=19). They were followed up for at least 24 months. Repair results and imaging results were compared in patients of both groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: None patients in the two groups affected fixator loosing or breakage, and 
obtained good bone fusion. The intraoperative blood loss was more and operative time was longer in the anterior approach group than in the posterior approach group, showing significant difference (P < 0.05). The pulmonary function was significantly better in the posterior approach group than in the anterior approach group (P < 0.05). Visual Analog Scale score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score for back pain and Frankel classification were significantly improved during final follow-up compared with pre-treatment in both groups, but no significant difference was found between groups (P > 0.05). No significant difference in the anterior vertebral height and kyphosis Cobb angle was detected before treatment, at 1 week after treatment and during final follow-up (P > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the anterior approach group than in the posterior approach group (P < 0.05). These findings confirm that subtotal vertebrectomy through anterior approach and posterior approach can effectively repair thoracolumbar burst fractures. However, the complications of posterior approach are less, and posterior approach has few impacts on the pulmonary function, is safe, and has good biocompatibility with the host.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

 

Key words: Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Fractures, Bone, Internal Fixators

中图分类号: