中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (53): 9172-9175.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.53.012

• 肾移植 kidney transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

分期治疗肾移植后的重症肺部感染

薛  庆,刘克普,马帅军,李智斌,张  更,杨晓剑,袁建林   

  1. 解放军第四军医大学西京医院泌尿外科,陕西省西安市  710032
  • 修回日期:2013-09-20 出版日期:2013-12-31 发布日期:2013-12-31
  • 作者简介:薛庆,男,1971年生,陕西省西安市人,汉族,2001年西安交通大学毕业,主治医师,主要从事肾移植、肾肿瘤方面的研究。 liukepu@126.com

Staging treatment for severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation

Xue Qing, Liu Ke-pu, Ma Shuai-jun, Li Zhi-bin, Zhang Geng, Yang Xiao-jian, Yuan Jian-lin   

  1. Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Revised:2013-09-20 Online:2013-12-31 Published:2013-12-31
  • About author:Xue Qing, Attending physician, Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China liukepu@126.com

摘要:

背景:肾移植后肺部感染8%-16%发展为重症肺炎,是目前预防与治疗的难点,发生急性呼吸窘迫综合征概率高,死亡率高。
目的:回顾性分析肾移植后重症肺部感染的原因、临床特点及治疗经验。
方法:总结2007年7月至2010年3月解放军第四军医大学西京医院泌尿外科收治30例肾移植后肺部重症感染患者的临床资料,肾移植后肺部重症感染多发生于肾移植后6个月,在减少或停用免疫抑制剂用量同时,联合抗感染治疗。
结果与结论:30例患者中,10例死亡,发生上消化道出血6例、心功能衰竭5例、肾功能衰竭2例,3例放弃治疗。1例患者最长使用呼吸机辅助呼吸14 d后痊愈出院。肾移植后的肺部重症感染多为混合感染,作者针对其临床特点创新性地将病程分为3期,病情进展迅速,死亡率高。定期随访和规律复查,以及培养患者自我保护意识,早发现、早治疗能有效预防。及时调整免疫抑制剂用量、用法,根据临床检查经验性选用抗生素、抗真菌、抗病毒、抗结核类药物是治愈关键,根据病情早期使用呼吸机辅助呼吸能有效改善症状。



中国组织工程研究
杂志出版内容重点:肾移植肝移植移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 器官移植, 肾移植, 肺部感染, 重症, 临床分期, 免疫抑制剂, 经验性用药, 并发症, 病例分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: About 8%-16% pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation will develop into severe pneumonia with high incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome and high mortality rate, and it is the difficulty for the prevention and the treatment.  
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the reason, clinical characteristics and therapy experiences of severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation.
METHODS: Thirty patients with severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation were collected from Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, and the clinical data of the patients were summarized. Pulmonary infections often occurred at 6 months after kidney transplantation, which were treated with anti-infection treatment after reducing dosage or stopping immunosuppressive.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the 30 patients, 10 patients died. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding was found in six cases, heart failure was in five cases, kidney failure occurred in three cases, and three cases gave up treatment. One case discharged after treatment with mechanical ventilation for 14 days. Severe pulmonary infections after kidney transplantation were mostly mixed infections. The course was divided into three stages according to the clinical features, characterized as rapid development and high mortality rate. Regular follow-up and review, developing awareness of self-protection in patients, early detection and early treatment can prevent pulmonary infections effectively. Timely adjustment of the immunosuppressant dosage and usage, and administration of antibiotics, anti-fungal anti-virus and antituberculosis medicine empirically are the keys for healing. Early application of mechanical ventilation for breathing according to the pathogenetic condition can effectively improve patient’s symptoms.



中国组织工程研究
杂志出版内容重点:肾移植肝移植移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植组织工程


全文链接:

Key words:  organ transplantation, kidney transplantation, pneumonia, immunosuppressive agents

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