中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (28): 5126-5132.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.28.005

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

抗骨质疏松药物应用的依据:骨生化代谢标志物及骨组织病理学

俞华威,王兆杰,胡小军,赵俊延,齐新文   

  1. 遵义医学院第五附属(珠海)医院骨科,广东省珠海市  519100
  • 出版日期:2013-07-09 发布日期:2013-07-09
  • 通讯作者: 王兆杰,博士,主任医师,教授,硕士生导师,遵义医学院第五附属(珠海)医院骨科,广东省珠海市 519100
  • 作者简介:俞华威,男,1972年生,广东省台山市人,汉族,1994年广东医学院毕业,副主任医师,主要从事骨与关节损伤的修复及重建。 huangnianfang@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    珠海市卫生局医学科研课题立项资助 (2011080)

Basis of anti-osteoporosis drug application: Bone biochemical metabolic markers and bone histopathology

Yu Hua-wei, Wang Zhao-jie, Hu Xiao-jun, Zhao Jun-yan, Qi Xin-wen   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the Fifth Affiliated (Zhuhai) Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai  519100, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2013-07-09 Published:2013-07-09
  • Contact: Wang Zhao-jie, M.D., Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, the Fifth Affiliated (Zhuhai) Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519100, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yu Hua-wei, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Fifth Affiliated (Zhuhai) Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519100, Guangdong Province, China huangnianfang@163.com
  • Supported by:

    Key Medical Research of Zhuhai Health Bureau, No. 2011080*

摘要:

背景:目前国际上公认双能X射线吸收测定法为诊断骨质疏松症的金标准,但常由于测量部位异位骨化、骨质增生等因素使得测量结果存在误差。

目的:探讨骨代谢标志物在老年骨质疏松骨折诊疗中的临床意义以及它与骨密度和骨组织形态病理学改变的相关性。

方法:选取50例需行手术治疗的老年骨质疏松骨折患者,行骨生化4项检测,其中抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP 5b)检测值明显增高患者25例(标记为抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b升高组),骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)检测值明显升高患者25例(标记为骨碱性磷酸酶升高组)。术中抽取两组各8例患者骨折断端部分骨组织,苏木精-伊红染色普通光镜检查和扫描电镜检查病理学改变。术后,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b升高组患者使用鲑鱼降钙素抗骨质疏松治疗,骨碱性磷酸酶升高组患者使用骨肽注射液抗骨质疏松治疗,6个月后再次检测骨密度和骨生化4项。

结果与结论:两组患者术前骨密度和骨生化4项检查结果相比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b升高组患者骨折断端骨组织病理检查示成骨细胞减少、破骨细胞增多;骨碱性磷酸酶升高组患者骨折断端骨组织病理检查示成骨细胞减少;两组骨小梁/骨面积比值均降低,且抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b升高组较骨碱性磷酸酶升高组降低程度差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。扫描电镜检查示两组破骨细胞都较正常组活跃,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b升高组骨小梁较骨碱性磷酸酶升高组稀松明显,吸收空泡增大。两组于术后使用抗骨质疏松药物治疗,两组治疗前与治疗后骨密度和骨生化4项检测结果差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。结果显示:①骨代谢标志物检测能明确患者骨组织是以成骨细胞功能和数量减低还是以破骨细胞功能和数量增加为主,以便指导临床针对性使用抗骨质疏松药物。②骨折断端骨组织形态病理学检查能更好地反映患者骨组织内成骨细胞、破骨细胞和骨小梁等状况。骨质疏松患者针对性使用抗骨质疏松药物治疗能提高疗效、降低相关并发症。

关键词: 组织构建, 骨组织构建, 骨质疏松症, 骨折, 骨密度, 骨代谢, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 生化标志物, 老年, 病理学检查

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Now, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is internationally recognized as gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, but the errors can be found in the measurement results due to the heterotopic ossification and bone hyperplasia exists in the measurement part.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of bone metabolic markers in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures, and to research its correlation with the changes of pathologicalhistology and bone mineral density.

METHODS:Four bone biochemical markers in 50 elderly patients with osteoporosic fractures were measured preoperatively. According to the results, 25 patients had significantly increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (considered as the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group), and 25 patients had increased bone alkaline phosphatase (considered as the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group). During operation, the bone tissues of eight patients in each group were treated with hematoxylin-eosin staining and electron microscopy scanning in order to detect the pathological changes. After operation, the patients in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group received salmon calcitonin anti-osteoporosis treatment, and the patients in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group received the anti-osteoporosis treatment of bone peptide injection. The bone mineral density and the four bone biochemical markers were detected again at 6 months after treatment.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the preoperative bone mineral density and four biomechanical markers between two groups (P > 0.05). The pathological examination results of bone tissue on the fracture site showed that the number of osteoblasts was reduced and the number of oeteoclasts was increased in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group; while in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group, the pathological examination results showed the number of osteoblasts was reduced; the trabecular bone/bone area ratio was decreased in two groups, and there was a significant difference in the decrease degree between two groups      (P < 0.05). The electron microscope scanning showed that the osteoclasts of two groups were more active than that of the normal group. The sloppy of trabecular bone in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group was more obvious than that in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group, and the absorption vacuoles were increased. There were significant differences in the bone mineral density and four biomechanical markers between two groups before and after anti-osteoporosis treatment (P < 0.05). The detection of bone metabolic markers could help us to make it clearly that the main function of osteoblast reduce or osteoclast increase in bone tissue of patients, and guide us to use anti-osteoporosis drugs in target. Pathological histology examination can better reflect the condition of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and trabecular bone in bone tissue on the fracture site. Target application of anti-osteoporosis drugs in the osteoporosis patients can effectively improve the efficacy and reduce the relative complications.

Key words: tissue construction, bone tissue construction, osteoporosis, fracture, bone mineral density, bone metabolism, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, biochemical markers, old, pathological examination

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