中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 1044-1049.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0115

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

微创肌间隙入路万向螺钉治疗腰椎滑脱症:短期疗效与安全性

徐佳欣   

  1. 河北医科大学第三医院,河北省石家庄市 050000
  • 出版日期:2018-03-08 发布日期:2018-03-08
  • 作者简介:徐佳欣,男,1979年生,河北省徐水县人,汉族,2015年河北医科大学第三医院毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱退变性疾病及青少年脊柱侧弯方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    2016年度河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(20160609)

Polyaxial pedicle screw via minimally invasive intermuscular space approach in treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis: short-term efficacy and safety  

Xu Jia-xin   

  1. Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Online:2018-03-08 Published:2018-03-08
  • About author:Xu Jia-xin, M.D., Attending physician, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Key Project Plan of Medical Science of Hebei Province in 2016, No. 20160609

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
肌间隙入路:距离腰后正中线旁开3 cm左右,在最长肌和多裂肌之间存在一个天然的解剖肌间隙。在纵向切开腰背筋膜后,可以看到这个肌间隙,采用肌间隙撑开器对肌肉组织撑开后,可在此间隙内完成置入椎弓根钉、椎板减压等操作。减少了对后方肌肉韧带复合体的损伤,可最大限度的保留腰后路肌群的附着点,减少腰椎术后疼痛的发生率。
腰椎手术失败综合征:是指患者在接受腰骶椎区域手术后,局部的疼痛或下肢疼痛仍持续存在,或消失一段时间后又复发。腰椎手术失败综合征患者手术后症状明显缓解,多于半年或1年后症状再次发生甚至加重,引起腰痛或下肢放射痛。目前认为其原因与术中广泛剥离椎旁肌,减压范围过大导致骨组织缺如,硬膜大面积暴露于周围组织中都会引发瘢痕形成有关。造成术后腰背肌肉退化、萎缩,引发腰背痛甚至下肢放射痛。严重的腰椎手术失败综合征经理疗、腰背肌锻炼和药物治疗均很难取得满意疗效。
 
摘要
背景:临床上使用传统的腰后路全椎板减压植骨融合内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效确切。传统手术对内固定器械要求较高,普及化具有一定难度,并具有手术对腰背肌损伤严重的缺点。
目的:探讨微创肌间隙入路下应用万向螺钉治疗腰椎滑脱症的短期疗效与安全性。
方法:选择2015年8月至2016年8月于河北医科大学第三医院就诊、手术的96例腰椎滑脱症患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为传统手术组与微创万向螺钉组,每组48例。传统手术组行传统腰后路正中切口椎弓根螺钉置入,微创万向螺钉组行腰后路双侧微创肌间隙入路万向螺钉置入。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量等围术期指标,术后随访至6个月,记录2组患者术前、术后1 d、3 d、2周、1个月、3个月及6个月目测类比评分与Oswestry功能障碍指数,并统计术后1,3,6个月滑脱复位率、融合率以及术后并发症发生率。
结果与结论:①微创万向螺钉组围术期指标明显优于传统手术组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②微创万向螺钉组术后3 d、2周及1,3,6个月目测类比评分与Oswestry功能障碍指数均明显低于传统手术组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③微创万向螺钉组术后1,3,6个月滑脱复位率及融合率均明显高于传统手术组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④微创万向螺钉组并发症发生率为4%,明显低于传统手术组的17%,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);⑤结果提示,微创肌间隙入路下应用万向螺钉治疗腰椎滑脱症是一种安全合理的手段,可显著改善围术期指标,减轻腰椎功能障碍,缓解患者痛苦。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-5803-5618(徐佳欣)

关键词: 腰椎滑脱症, 万向螺钉, 微创肌间隙入路, 临床疗效, 安全性, 脊柱植入物, 骨科植入物

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Traditional posterior lumbar interbody fusion has been proven to be effective for the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis. The traditional surgery has a high requirement for internal fixation instruments, and it is difficult to popularize, and it has the disadvantage of serious injury to back muscles.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of polyaxial pedicle screw via minimally invasive intermuscular space approach in treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis.
METHODS: Totally 96 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis received diagnosis and surgery in Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University from August 2015 to August 2016. They were divided into traditional surgery group and minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw group by random number table, with 48 cases in each group. Traditional surgery group received midline incision pedicle screw insertion through traditional lumbar posterior approach. Minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw group received minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw insertion through bilateral posterior lumbar intermuscular approach. Operation time and intraoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. At 6 months after follow-up, Visual Analogue Scale scores and Oswestry Disability Index were recorded before surgery, 1 and 3 days, 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery between the two groups. The reduction rate of spondylolisthesis, fusion rate, and incidence of complications after surgery were analyzed 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The perioperative indexes in minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw group were significantly better than those in traditional surgery group (P < 0.05). (2) Visual Analogue Scale scores and Oswestry Disability Index were significantly lower in the minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw group than those in traditional surgery group at 3 days, 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). (3) The reduction rate and the fusion rate were significantly higher in the spondylolisthesis in minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw group than those in traditional surgery group at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). (4) The incidence was significantly lower in the minimally invasive polyaxial pedicle screw group than in the traditional surgery group (4% versus 17%; P < 0.05). (5) Results indicated that polyaxial pedicle screw via minimally invasive intermuscular space approach in treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis is safe and reasonable, which can improve perioperative indexes, reduce lumbar disability and relieve patients’ pain.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Lumbar Vertebrae, Spondylolysis, Bone Nails, Tissue Engineering

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