中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (18): 3925-3933.doi: 10.12307/2025.654

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

康复机器人训练脑性瘫痪患者:改善下肢运动功能效果的Meta分析

刘兴朝1,胡  通1,马  艳1,王  倩1,魏晓辉1,常万鹏1,于少泓2,3   

  1. 山东中医药大学,1康复医学院,3医学院,山东省济南市  250355;2山东中医药大学第二附属医院,山东省济南市  250001
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-05 接受日期:2024-07-26 出版日期:2025-06-28 发布日期:2024-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 于少泓,教授,山东中医药大学医学院,山东省济南市 250355;山东中医药大学第二附属医院,山东省济南市 250001
  • 作者简介:刘兴朝,男,2001年生,山东省德州市人,汉族,山东中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事康复医学与理疗学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省人文社会科学课题(2023-JKZX-02):卫生、教育、体育三位一体融合推进山东省儿童青少年脊柱侧弯防控路径与策略研究,项目负责人:于少泓

Efficacy of rehabilitation robots on lower limb motor function in patients with cerebral palsy: a Meta-analysis

Liu Xingzhao1, Hu Tong1, Ma Yan1, Wang Qian1, Wei Xiaohui1, Chang Wanpeng1, Yu Shaohong2, 3   

  1. 1College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China; 3College of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-05 Accepted:2024-07-26 Online:2025-06-28 Published:2024-11-29
  • Contact: Yu Shaohong, Professor, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China; College of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Liu Xingzhao, Master candidate, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Humanities and Social Sciences Subjects in Shandong Province, No. 2023-JKZX-02 (to YSH)

摘要:


文题释义:
康复机器人:一种辅助训练设备,可帮助患者进行主动或被动的运动辅助和步态康复训练。
脑性瘫痪:简称脑瘫,是由发育中的胎儿或婴幼儿脑部非进行性损伤所致的一组持续性的中枢运动和姿势发育障碍、活动受限症候群。

目的:系统评价康复机器人治疗脑性瘫痪患者下肢运动功能的临床效果,并比较不同机器人的疗效差异。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普和万方数据库,搜集从建库至2024-04-10发表的关于康复机器人治疗脑性瘫痪患者运动功能障碍的随机对照试验。主要结局指标包括肌肉力量,肌张力、平衡功能、步速、步频、步长、步行耐力、下肢运动功能、日常生活活动能力。根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》对上述指标进行编码,通过Meta分析评价临床疗效并比较不同机器人的疗效差异。由2名研究人员进行文献检索与筛选,使用Cochrane 5.1.0偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献进行质量评价。采用 RevMan 5.4软件和Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析。
结果:①最终纳入15篇文献,共512例患者,试验组260例、对照组252例。②Meta分析结果显示,与常规康复疗法相比,康复机器人可以提高身体结构和功能(SMD=0.41,95%CI:0.24-0.58,P < 0.05)、活动(SMD=0.53,95%CI:0.41-0.65,P < 0.05)和参与能力(MD=7.86,95%CI:1.54-14.18,P < 0.05)。其中,康复机器人可以改善脑性瘫痪患者下肢肌力、平衡功能、步速、步行耐力、下肢粗大运动功能和日常生活活动能力,但对步频、步长和肌张力的效果不明显。③网状Meta分析结果显示,步速:Innowalkpro > Gait trainer > Lokomat > 3DCalt;6MWT评分:Gait trainer > Lokomat > Lokohelp > Innowalkro;GMFM-88D区评分:Lokohelp > Lokomat > KidGo > Innowalkpro > 3DCalt;GMFM-88E区评分:Lokomat > Lokohelp > KidGo > 3DCalt >  Innowalkpro。
结论:基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》,康复机器人训练可以改善脑性瘫痪患者下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力。在改善步速方面,Innowalkpro机器人效果更优;在改善6MWT评分方面,Gait trainer机器人效果更优;在改善GMFM-D区评分方面,Lokohelp机器人效果更优;在改善GMFM-E区评分方面,Lokomat机器人效果更优。
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5187-9121(刘兴朝);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-4104(于少泓)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脑性瘫痪, 康复机器人, 下肢运动功能, 步行, 步态, 日常生活活动, 系统评价, 网状Meta分析, 工程化康复

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the clinical effectiveness of rehabilitation robots in treating lower limb motor dysfunction in patients with cerebral palsy, and to compare the differences in therapeutic effects among different robots.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials on rehabilitation robotics for the treatment of motor dysfunction in patients with cerebral palsy, published from database inception to April 10, 2024. The main outcome indicators included muscle strength, muscle tension, balance function, step speed, step frequency, step length, walking endurance, lower limb motor function, and activities of daily living. The above indicators were coded according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and compare the therapeutic efficacy of different rehabilitation robots. Literature search and screening were performed by two researchers, and the quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Cochrane 5.1.0 risk of bias assessment tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 16.0 software.
RESULTS: (1) Fifteen articles were finally included, involving 512 patients with 260 in the experimental group and 252 in the control group. (2) The Meta-analysis results showed that rehabilitation robots could improve body structure and function [standardized mean difference=0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24-0.58, P < 0.05], activities (standardized mean difference=0.53, 95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P < 0.05) and participation ability (mean difference=7.86, 95% CI: 1.54-14.18, P < 0.05). In particular, the rehabilitation robot improved lower limb muscle strength, balance function, step speed, walking endurance, lower limb gross motor function, and activities of daily living in patients with cerebral palsy, but showed insignificant effects on step frequency, step length, and muscle tension. 
(3) The network Meta-analysis results showed that: step speed: Innowalkpro > Gait Trainer > Lokomat > 3DCalt; 6-minute walk test score: Gait Trainer > Lokomat > Lokohelp > Innowalkro; Gross Motor Function Measure-88D score: Lokohelp > Lokomat > KidGo > Innowalkpro > 3DCalt; Gross Motor Function Measure-88E score: Lokomat > Lokohelp > KidGo > 3DCalt > Innowalkpro.
CONCLUSION: Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, rehabilitation robot training can improve the lower limb motor function and activities of daily living in patients with cerebral palsy. The Innowalkpro robot was more effective in improving step speed; the Gait trainer robot was more effective in improving 6-minute walk test scores; the Lokohelp robot was more effective in improving Gross Motor Function Measure-88D zone scores; and the Lokomat robot was more effective in improving Gross Motor Function Measure-88E zone scores.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: cerebral palsy, rehabilitation robot, lower limb motor function, walking, gait, activities of daily living, system evaluation, network Meta-analysis, engineered rehabilitation

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