中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (16): 3494-3502.doi: 10.12307/2025.437

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

疝修复补片:材料设计与应用的最新进展

陈静宇,洪  阁,郭  宁,刘天军   

  1. 1天津中医药大学,天津市   301617;2中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所天津市生物医学材料重点实验室,天津市   300192;3河北大学基础医学院,河北省保定市   071000
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-25 接受日期:2024-05-25 出版日期:2025-06-08 发布日期:2024-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 刘天军,研究员,中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所天津市生物医学材料重点实验室,天津市 300192
  • 作者简介:陈静宇,女,2001年生,河北省邢台市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事光敏抗菌材料的应用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2022-1-4041),项目负责人:刘天军;中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-052),项目负责人:洪阁

Hernia repair patch: recent advances in material design and application

Chen Jingyu, Hong Ge, Guo Ning, Liu Tianjun   

  1. 1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; 3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-25 Accepted:2024-05-25 Online:2025-06-08 Published:2024-09-06
  • Contact: Liu Tianjun, Researcher, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
  • About author:Chen Jingyu, Master, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Supported by:
    Capital Health Research & Development of Special Fund Program, No. 2022-1-4041 (to LTJ); Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, No. 2021-I2M-1-052 (to HG)

摘要:

文题释义:
疝气:是指人体器官或器官的一部分通过先天或后天形成的薄弱、缺损离开正常的解剖位置,脑、胸和腹部均会出现,以腹部疝气最为常见。
无张力疝修复手术:以人工生物材料作为补片填补人体薄弱的位置,与传统缝合方式相比该方法不会增加组织周围的张力,因此称做无张力疝修复手术。

背景:与传统的缝合方式相比,采用补片修复腹壁缺陷的无张力疝修补手术能有效减少术后疼痛和疝气复发率,已经成为近年来治疗腹疝的首选方法。
目的:归纳总结不同疝修复补片在应用过程中的优缺点。
方法:以“腹壁缺损,疝气补片,疝气治疗”为中文检索词,以“abdominal wall defect,hernia patches,hernia treatment”为英文检索词,分别检索中国知网、谷歌学术和PubMed数据库,检索时限主要为2018年1月至2024年2月,同时采用少数经典的早期文献以概述疝修复补片的发展历程,通过阅读题目和摘要进行初步筛选,排除与疝修复材料相关性较低的文献,最终纳入90篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:根据制备材料的不同可以将疝修复补片分为不可吸收人工合成补片、可吸收人工合成补片、天然高分子补片和复合补片。不可吸收补片具有较高的机械强度,有益于疝气区域的组织愈合,但体内长期存在的补片可能会引发身体的免疫反应,导致炎症和疼痛。可吸收人工合成补片与天然高分子补片具有良好的组织相容性、降解性,但机械强度不稳定。复合材料补片继承了传统不可吸收补片优良的机械性能,同时通过可吸收部分的设计降低了一些并发症发生的风险。在疝修复补片的后续研究中,科研人员应重点关注如何将新技术与复合补片结合起来,形成多功能的疝修复补片。
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4252-6307 (陈静宇) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 腹壁缺损, 疝修复补片, 聚丙烯, 抗菌补片, 疝气, 不可吸收补片, 可吸收补片, 复合补片

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Patch surgery by tension-free repair has become the first choice for treatment of abdominal hernias in recent years because of its effectiveness in reducing postoperative pain and recurrence rates compared to traditional suturing. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the advantages and disadvantages associated with the application of different hernia repair patch materials. 
METHODS: CNKI, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases were searched using Chinese and English search terms “abdominal wall defect, hernia patches, hernia treatment” for articles published from January 2018 to February 2024. A few classic early-onset articles were used to express the development of hernia repair. After preliminary screening by reading titles and abstracts, those with low relevance to hernia repair materials were excluded. Finally, 90 articles were included for summarization.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hernia repair patches can be divided into non-absorbable synthetic patches, absorbable synthetic patches, natural polymer patches, and composite patches based on different materials used. Non-absorbable patches have high mechanical strength and are beneficial for tissue healing in hernia areas, but long-term presence of patches in the body may trigger immune responses, leading to inflammation and pain. Absorbable synthetic patches and natural polymer patches have good tissue compatibility and degradability, but their mechanical strength is unstable. Composite material patches inherit the excellent mechanical properties of traditional non-absorbable patches and reduce the risk of complications through the design of absorbable parts. In subsequent studies of hernia repair patch materials, researchers should focus on how to combine novel technologies with composite patches to form multifunctionalized hernia repair materials.


Key words: abdominal wall defect, hernia repair patch, polypropylene, antibacterial patch, hernia, non-absorbable patch, absorbable patch, composite patch

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