中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 563-571.doi: 10.12307/2024.697

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路调控成骨:揭示骨骼形成和重塑的分子机制

刘淏文,乔卫平,孟志成,李凯杰,韩  暄,史鹏博   

  1. 河南中医药大学第一附属医院骨伤科一区,河南省郑州市   450000
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-12 接受日期:2023-12-27 出版日期:2025-01-28 发布日期:2024-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 乔卫平,博士,副主任医师,河南中医药大学第一附属医院骨伤科一区,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 作者简介:刘淏文,男,1998年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,硕士。

Regulation of osteogenic effects by bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway: revealing molecular mechanisms of bone formation and remodeling

Liu Haowen, Qiao Weiping, Meng Zhicheng, Li Kaijie, Han Xuan, Shi Pengbo   

  1. Zone One, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2023-10-12 Accepted:2023-12-27 Online:2025-01-28 Published:2024-06-04
  • Contact: Qiao Weiping, MD, Associate chief physician, Zone One, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Haowen, Master, Zone One, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义

骨形态发生蛋白信号通路:是一种重要的生物通路,它主要参与调控细胞的生长和分化,特别是在骨和软骨的形成过程中。骨形态发生蛋白属于转化生长因子β超家族,通过与细胞膜上的特异性受体结合来激活下游的信号转导,最终影响基因的表达,从而调控细胞的各种生物行为。
Wnt信号通路:是一种重要的生物通路,参与调控多种细胞的生物过程,包括细胞增殖、分化、迁移和凋亡等。在骨形成过程中,Wnt信号通路起着关键的调控作用。Wnt蛋白通过与细胞膜上的特异性受体以及细胞内的一系列蛋白相互作用,激活下游的信号转导,最终影响基因的表达和细胞的行为。

摘要
背景:成骨细胞是负责骨骼形成和重塑的主要细胞类型,其功能的正常发挥受到多种信号通路的精密调控,其中,骨形态发生蛋白和Wnt信号通路在成骨过程中起着关键作用。
目的:综述了骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路在调控成骨细胞功能中的作用,并分析其在不同生理和病理条件下的变化,以期进一步揭示骨骼形成和重塑的分子机制。
方法:以中文检索词“BMP信号通路,Wnt信号通路,成骨”及英文检索词“BMP signaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,osteogenesis”在中国知网、万方和PubMed数据库中检索研究原著,检索时限为各数据库建库至2023年6月的相关文献,最终筛选61篇文献进行分析总结。采用文献综述的方法,对骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路调控成骨作用的研究进行梳理和分析。
结果与结论:①骨形态发生蛋白和Wnt信号通路在成骨细胞的分化、增殖和成熟过程中发挥重要作用。骨形态发生蛋白信号通路主要通过激活Smad蛋白来调控成骨相关基因的表达,Smad蛋白被激活后进入细胞核,调控与成骨相关的基因表达,与骨形态发生蛋白不同,Wnt信号通路主要依赖于β-catenin的激活来发挥生物学效应。②不同生理和病理状态下,骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路的调控作用会受到多种因素的影响。生长因子及激素及机械应力等会在一定程度上影响骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路的活性。③骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路在调控成骨过程中与其他信号通路相互作用,共同构成复杂的调控网络。④中药和天然化合物可以通过调控信号通路来促进骨骼健康,为中药治疗骨骼疾病提供了新的可能性。⑤未来研究可进一步探讨骨形态发生蛋白/Wnt信号通路与其他信号通路的相互作用以及其在不同生理和病理条件下的变化,解析此复杂网络中的关键节点和调控机制,为骨骼相关疾病的治疗提供更精确的靶点,也为揭示骨骼形成和重塑的分子机制提供新的思路。

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5123-2465 (刘淏文);https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4625-1133 (乔卫平)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨形态发生蛋白信号通路, Wnt信号通路, 成骨, 骨骼, 基因表达, 分化, 增殖, 调控作用, 交互作用, 调控网络

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoblasts are the main cell types responsible for bone formation and remodeling, and the normal performance of their function is precisely regulated by various signaling pathways. Among them, the bone morphogenetic protein and Wnt signaling pathways play a key role in osteogenesis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the role of bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway in the regulation of osteoblast function and analyze its changes in different physiological and pathological conditions in order to further reveal the molecular mechanism of bone formation and remodeling.
METHODS: The Chinese and English search terms “BMP signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and osteogenesis” were searched in CNKI, Wanfang, and PubMed databases for original researches published from the inception to June 2023. Totally 61 articles were finally selected for analysis and summary. Using the method of the literature review, the studies of the bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway in regulating osteogenesis were sorted out and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Bone morphogenetic protein and Wnt signaling pathways play important roles in the differentiation, proliferation, and maturation of osteoblasts. Bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway mainly regulates the expression of osteogenesis-related genes through the activation of Smad protein. Smad protein enters the nucleus and regulates the expression of genes related to osteogenesis. Different Wnt signaling pathway from bone morphogenetic protein mainly depends on the activation of β-catenin to exert its biological effects. (2) The regulatory effect of bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway will be affected by many factors in different physiological and pathological states. Growth factors, hormones, and mechanical stress can affect the activity of bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway to some extent. (3) Bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway interacts with other signaling pathways in the regulation of osteogenesis, and they together constitute a complex regulatory network. (4) Chinese medicine and natural compounds can promote bone health by regulating signaling pathways, providing new possibilities for treating bone diseases. (5) Future studies can further explore the interaction of bone morphogenetic protein/Wnt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways and its changes in different physiological and pathological conditions, resolve the key nodes and regulation mechanism in the complex network, to provide more precise targets for the treatment of bone-related diseases, and also provide new ideas to reveal the molecular mechanism of bone formation and remodeling.

Key words: bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, osteogenesis, bone, gene expression, differentiation, proliferation, regulatory effect, interaction, regulatory network

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