中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (13): 2009-2016.doi: 10.12307/2024.173

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

异基因造血干细胞移植后短期内死亡的危险因素分析

高思雨1,姚莉红2,边志磊1,张素平1,李  丽1,范金鹏1,秦  菁1,彭英楠1,万鼎铭1   

  1. 1郑州大学第一附属医院,河南省郑州市   450052;2黄河三门峡医院,河南省三门峡市   472000
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10 接受日期:2023-06-19 出版日期:2024-05-08 发布日期:2023-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 万鼎铭,教授,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,郑州大学第一附属医院血液内科造血干细胞移植中心,河南省郑州市 450052
  • 作者简介:高思雨,女,1998年生,河南省新郑市人,汉族,郑州大学在读硕士,主要从事血液病与造血干细胞移植的基础和临床研究。 姚莉红,女,1989年生,陕西省渭南市人,汉族,主治医师,主要从事血液病的临床诊治。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目( 82170211),项目负责人:边志磊

Analysis of risk factors for short-term death after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Gao Siyu1, Yao Lihong2, Bian Zhilei1, Zhang Suping1, Li Li1, Fan Jinpeng1, Qin Jing1, Peng Yingnan1, Wan Dingming1   

  1. 1First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China; 2Yellow River Sanmenxia Hospital, Sanmenxia 472000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2023-05-10 Accepted:2023-06-19 Online:2024-05-08 Published:2023-08-28
  • Contact: Wan Dingming, Professor, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Gao Siyu, Master candidate, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China Yao Lihong, Attending physician, Yellow River Sanmenxia Hospital, Sanmenxia 472000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 82170211 (to BZL)

摘要:


文题释义:

异基因造血干细胞移植:是指对患者进行全身照射、大剂量化疗和免疫抑制剂预处理后,将健康供者的造血干细胞移植入患者体内,使之重建正常造血和免疫功能并治愈原发疾病,其中健康供者包括亲缘供者和骨髓库或脐血库的非血缘供者。
急性移植物抗宿主病:是供者来源免疫细胞攻击受者脏器造成的组织损伤,是异基因造血干细胞移植后特有和最常见的并发症。经典的急性移植物抗宿主病指发生在移植或供者淋巴细胞输注后100 d内,以斑丘疹、胃肠道症状或瘀胆型肝炎为临床表现的移植物抗宿主病;持续、复发或晚发的急性移植物抗宿主病指具有典型急性移植物抗宿主病临床表现,发生于移植或供者淋巴细胞输注100 d后。


背景:异基因造血干细胞移植是治愈各种血液病的有效甚至唯一手段,但患者移植后短期内死亡率较高。

目的:探讨影响血液病患者异基因造血干细胞移植后短期(100 d)内总体生存的危险因素,旨在降低异基因造血干细胞移植后短期(100 d)内死亡率及有效预防相关危险因素。
方法:回顾性分析于2018-01-01/2021-06-30在郑州大学第一附属医院造血干细胞移植中心行异基因造血干细胞移植的585例血液病患者的临床资料,探究影响血液病患者异基因造血干细胞移植后100 d内总体生存的危险因素。

结果与结论:共585例血液病患者行异基因造血干细胞移植,92例死于移植后100 d内,死亡率为15.7%(92/585),死亡时中位年龄为26.5岁(1-56岁),死亡病例的中位生存时间为48 d(0-97 d)。单因素分析显示,年龄≥14岁、发生急性移植物抗宿主病、Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病、细菌血流感染及耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌血流感染是影响异基因造血干细胞移植后100 d内总体生存的危险因素(P < 0.05);多因素分析显示,年龄≥14岁、发生Ⅲ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病、细菌血流感染及耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌血流感染是影响异基因造血干细胞移植后100 d内总体生存的独立危险因素,相对危险度分别为1.77(95%CI 1.047-2.991),7.926(95%CI 3.763-16.695),2.039(95%CI 1.117-3.722),3.389(95%CI 1.563-7.347)。结果表明:异基因造血干细胞移植后短期内全因死亡率较高,对于移植后短期内合并细菌血流感染、Ⅲ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病的患者需及时发现、给予有效治疗,从而改善异基因造血干细胞移植的疗效。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4342-9205 (高思雨);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-3596 (万鼎铭)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 异基因造血干细胞移植, 急性移植物抗宿主病, 血流感染, 耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌血流感染, 危险因素

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective and even the only way to cure various hematological diseases, but the short-term mortality rate is relatively high after transplantation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors affecting the overall survival of patients with hematological diseases in the short term (within 100 days) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, so as to reduce mortality and effectively prevent related risks in the short term (within 100 days) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
METHODS: Clinical data of 585 patients with hematological diseases who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The risk factors that affected overall survival within 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were explored.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 585 patients with hematologic diseases underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 92 patients died within 100 days after transplantation, with a mortality rate of 15.7% (92/585). The median age of death cases was 26.5 years old (1-56 years), and the median survival time of death cases was 48 days (0-97 days). Univariate analysis exhibited that age ≥14 years old, acute graft-versus-host disease, grade IV acute graft-versus-host disease, bacterial bloodstream infection, as well as carbapenem-resistant organism bloodstream infection, were risk factors for overall survival within 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age ≥14 years old, grades III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease, bacterial bloodstream infection, and carbapenem-resistant organism bloodstream infections were independent risk factors for overall survival (within 100 days) in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Hazard ratios were 1.77(95%CI 1.047-2.991), 7.926(95%CI 3.763-16.695), 2.039(95%CI 1.117-3.722), and 3.389(95%CI 1.563-7.347), respectively. In conclusion, all-cause mortality rate after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is relatively high in the short term. A timely diagnosis and effective treatment of bacterial bloodstream infection and acute graft-versus-host disease are essential to improving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcomes.

Key words: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, acute graft-versus-host disease, bloodstream infection, carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli, risk factor

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