中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (13): 2071-2075.doi: 10.12307/2023.275

• 骨与关节图像与影像 bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

MRI评价成人前交叉韧带损伤与髌骨高位及股骨滑车发育不良的关系

曾维鹏,林坚平,周  钢,毛汉儒   

  1. 海南省人民医院(海南医学院附属海南医院)关节外科,海南省海口市   570100
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-23 接受日期:2022-05-06 出版日期:2023-05-08 发布日期:2022-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 曾维鹏,主治医师,海南省人民医院(海南医学院附属海南医院)关节外科,海南省海口市 570100
  • 作者简介:曾维鹏,男,1985年生,海南省海口市人,汉族,2011年海南医学院毕业,主治医师,主要从事关节外科和运动医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2017112),项目负责人:林坚平

Correlation of anterior cruciate ligament injury with patella alta and femoral trochlear dysplasia in adults evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging

Zeng Weipeng, Lin Jianping, Zhou Gang, Mao Hanru   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital (Hainan Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College), Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • Received:2022-02-23 Accepted:2022-05-06 Online:2023-05-08 Published:2022-08-12
  • Contact: Zeng Weipeng, Attending physician, Department of Joint Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital (Hainan Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College), Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • About author:Zeng Weipeng, Attending physician, Department of Joint Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital (Hainan Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College), Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Research & Development Program of Hainan Province, No. ZDYF2017112 (to LJP)

摘要:

文题释义:
前交叉韧带:又称前十字韧带,位于膝关节内,连接股骨与胫骨,主要作用是限制胫骨向前过度移位,它与膝关节内其他结构共同作用来维持膝关节的稳定性,使人体能完成各种复杂和高难度的下肢动作。解剖和生物力学特点决定了前十字韧带在人群分布、损伤机制及合并损伤等方面,显现出与其他膝关节损伤不同的疾病特征。
高位髌骨:是指髌骨位于股骨滑车窝上方较高水平,常因髌腱过长引起,其判断标准可根据Insall-Salvati 指数,即髌腱长度/髌骨长度,当Insall-Salvati 指数> 1.2,则可诊断为髌骨高位。

背景:前交叉韧带损伤是年轻人群中常见的运动伤,膝关节的解剖学因素可能与其损伤相关,但很少有学者采用MRI评估前交叉韧带损伤与髌骨高位及股骨滑车发育不良之间的关系。
目的:探究成人前交叉韧带损伤是否与髌骨高位和滑车发育不良之间的相关性。
方法:选择2017年8月至2021年8月海南省人民医院(海南医学院附属海南医院)关节外科收治的90例完全性前交叉韧带撕裂成年患者(病例组)进行回顾性分析;根据年龄和性别匹配91例因膝关节疼痛就诊的患者作为对照组。根据膝关节 MRI 图像,测量髌腱和髌骨长度,并计算Insall-Salvati指数(ISI值)。根据Dejour分型将股骨滑车发育不良分为A、B、C或D型。
结果与结论:①两组髌骨长度差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),但髌腱长度和 ISI值差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②相比对照组,病例组患者的髌腱较长(P < 0.05), ISI值较大(P < 0.05);③病例组股骨滑车发育不良率(14%)显著高于对照组(4%),差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④在病例组13例股骨滑车发育不良患者中,A型9例,B型2例,C型1例,D型1例;⑤提示相比前交叉韧带正常人群,前交叉韧带损伤患者具有较长的髌腱长度、较高的ISI值和股骨滑车发育不良率;因此临床中医生应该关注这些变异可能是前交叉韧带撕裂的危险因素,并提醒患有髌骨高位和股骨滑车发育不良人群在运动中更容易损伤前交叉韧带。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-0514 (曾维鹏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 前交叉韧带, 前交叉韧带撕裂, 髌骨高位, 滑车发育不良, 磁共振成像

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament injury is a common sports injury in young people. Anatomical factors of the knee joint may be related to its injury, but few scholars have used MRI to evaluate the relationship of anterior cruciate ligament injury with patella alta and femoral trochlear dysplasia.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore whether there is a correlation of anterior cruciate ligament injury with patella alta and femoral trochlear dysplasia in adults.
METHODS:  From August 2017 to August 2021, 90 adult patients (case group) with complete anterior cruciate ligament tear were retrospectively analyzed. According to age and gender, 91 patients with knee pain were matched as the control group. The length of the patellar tendon and patella was measured and the Insall-Salvati index was calculated according to the MRI image of the knee. According to Dejour classification, the femoral trochlear dysplasia was classified into types A, B, C or D.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in patellar length between the two groups (P > 0.05), but there was statistically significant difference in the length of patellar tendon and Insall-Salvati index (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, patients in the case group had a longer length of patellar tendon (P < 0.05) and higher Insall-Salvati index (P < 0.05). (3) The rate of femoral trochlear dysplasia in the case group (14%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (4%, P < 0.05). (4) Among the 13 patients with trochlear dysplasia in the case group, 9 were type A, 2 were type B, 1 was type C, and 1 was type D. (5) It is concluded that compared with healthy people, patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury have longer length of patellar tendon, higher Insall-Salvati index and higher rate of trochlear dysplasia. Therefore, in clinical practice, doctors should pay attention to these variants that may be risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament tears, and remind people with patella alta and trochlear dysplasia that they are more likely to damage the anterior cruciate ligament during exercise.

Key words: anterior cruciate ligament, anterior cruciate ligament tear, patella alta, trochlear dysplasia, magnetic resonance imaging

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