中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (13): 2124-2132.doi: 10.12307/2023.260

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    

系统评价踝上截骨治疗非对称性踝关节炎的优势

商  炜,付攀峰,亢  哲,祝少博   

  1. 武汉大学中南医院创伤与显微骨科,湖北省武汉市   430071
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-11 接受日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2023-05-08 发布日期:2022-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 祝少博,博士,主任医师,武汉大学中南医院创伤与显微骨科,湖北省武汉市 430071
  • 作者简介:商炜,男,1995 年生,湖北省黄冈市人,汉族,在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨科专业研究。

Advantage of supramalleolar osteotomy for asymmetric ankle arthritis: a system evaluation

Shang Wei, Fu Panfeng, Kang Zhe, Zhu Shaobo   

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2022-02-11 Accepted:2022-04-18 Online:2023-05-08 Published:2022-08-12
  • Contact: Zhu Shaobo, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Shang Wei, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
踝上截骨手术:是一种保留关节的外科手术,该手术的主要目的是将内侧应力集中转移到外侧完整的关节软骨,以重新分配步行时的关节负荷。多项研究表明,踝关节畸形会导致踝关节载荷分布不均,最终导致关节软骨变性。由于外侧关节软骨是完整的,因此关节牺牲手术,如全踝关节置换手术或踝关节融合手术并不是最合适的治疗方法。踝上截骨手术在功能和疼痛缓解方面是非常有前景的。对于踝关节骨非对称性踝关节炎患者,可以进行踝上截骨手术来调整踝关节,以促进不对称损伤软骨的再生。
非对称性踝关节炎:伴有足外翻或内翻畸形,下肢力线不良,胫距关节有一定的活动度,是踝关节截骨术的主要指征。

目的:对于伴有内外翻畸形的非对称性踝关节炎,踝上截骨手术可以矫正负重力线、重塑关节的协调性、调节踝关节内的压力。系统评价踝上截骨术对非对称性踝关节炎的临床疗效。
方法:应用计算机检索万方数据库、中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed、EMbase、Medline等数据库,收集踝上截骨手术治疗非对称性踝关节炎的随机对照试验(RCT)与非随机对照试验,文献发表时间为各数据库建库至2021-12-30。严格按制定纳入和排除标准筛选符合纳入标准的文献,提取数据资料,采用Stata 12.0软件对数据进行Meta分析。
结果:共纳入14项研究,总共884例患者,其中内翻畸形患者546例,外翻畸形患者338例;Meta分析结果显示:①884例患者术后的美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分、目测类比评分、距骨倾斜角、胫骨侧位关节面角及Takakura等级评分均优于术前(P < 0.05),手术前后的胫骨远端关节面角比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②内翻组术后的AOFAS踝与后足评分、目测类比评分、距骨倾斜角、胫骨侧位关节面角及Takakura等级评分均优于术前(P < 0.05),外翻组术后的AOFAS踝与后足评分、目测类比评分、胫骨远端关节面角及Takakura等级评分均优于术前(P < 0.05);③内翻组与外翻组间术后的AOFAS踝与后足评分、可视化目测类比评分、胫骨侧位关节面角比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),胫骨远端关节面角、距骨倾斜角、Takakura等级评分比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。
结论:踝上截骨手术治疗非对称性踝关节炎在AOFAS踝与后足评分、胫骨远端关节面角、Takakura等级评分方面上有所改善,对内翻畸形的胫骨侧位关节面角、距骨倾斜角有所改善,对外翻畸形的胫骨侧位关节面角、距骨倾斜角无明显改善,是否需要联合腓骨截骨处理还缺乏更多的亚组研究证据支持。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2753-8479 (商炜)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 踝关节炎, 踝上截骨术, 内翻畸形, 外翻畸形, 系统评价

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: For asymmetric ankle arthritis with varus and valgus deformity, supramalleolar osteotomy can correct the negative gravity line, restore the coordination of the joint, and regulate the pressure in the ankle joint. This study was designed to evaluate supramalleolar osteotomy in treating asymmetric ankle arthritis by evidence-based medicine.  
METHODS: Databases of Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, EMbase and Medline were searched from their establishment to December 30, 2021 to collect the randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials about supramalleolar osteotomy for the treatment of the asymmetric ankle arthritis. The established inclusion and exclusion criteria were strictly followed to screen articles that met the inclusion criteria and extract data. Data were meta-analyzed using Stata 12.0 software.
RESULTS:  A total of 14 studies (884 patients) were included. Among them, there were 546 patients with varus deformity and 338 patients with valgus deformity. Meta-analysis results showed: (1) in 884 patients, American Foot and Ankle Surgeons ankle and hindfoot score, visual analogue scale pain score, talus inclination angle, tibial lateral articular surface angle, and Takakura rank score were better after operation than those before operation (P < 0.05). The distal tibial articular surface angle was not significantly different before and after operation (P > 0.05). (2) American Foot and Ankle Surgeons ankle and hindfoot score, visual analogue scale pain score, talus inclination angle, tibial lateral articular surface angle, and Takakura rank were better after operation than those before operation in the varus group (P < 0.05). American Foot and Ankle Surgeons ankle and hindfoot score, visual analogue scale pain score, distal tibial articular surface angle, and Takakura rank were better after operation than those before operation in the valgus group (P < 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in American Foot and Ankle Surgeons ankle and hindfoot score, visual analogue scale pain score, and tibial lateral articular surface angle between the varus group and the valgus group after surgery (P > 0.05), but there were significant differences in distal tibial articular surface angle, talus inclination angle, and Takakura rank (P < 0.05).  
CONCLUSION: The American Foot and Ankle Surgeons ankle and hindfoot score, distal tibial articular surface angle, and Takakura rank were improved by supramalleolar osteotomy in the treatment of asymmetric ankle arthritis. The tibial lateral articular surface angle and talus inclination angle for varus deformity were improved. There is no significant improvement in tibial lateral articular surface angle and talus inclination angle for valgus deformity. The need for combined fibular osteotomy is still lack of more subgroup evidence to support.

Key words: ankle arthritis, supramalleolar osteotomy, varus deformity, valgus deformity, meta-analysis

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