中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 1863-1869.doi: 10.12307/2023.042

• 纳米生物材料 nanobiomaterials • 上一篇    下一篇

携载LXR激动剂近红外光响应性纳米粒的光热协同免疫效应

甘  甜1,王文渊1,晏殊瑾2,郝  兰3,冉海涛3,王志刚3,夏纪筑1   

  1. 1西南医科大学附属医院超声医学科,四川省泸州市  646000;2重庆医科大学附属第一医院超声科,重庆市  400010;3超声分子影像重庆市重点实验室,重庆市  400010
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-16 接受日期:2022-01-18 出版日期:2023-04-28 发布日期:2022-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 夏纪筑,博士,副主任医师,副教授,西南医科大学附属医院超声医学科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:甘甜,女,1995年生,四川省广安市人,西南医科大学附属医院在读硕士,执业医师,主要从事分子影像学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金(81501481),项目负责人:夏纪筑;四川省教育厅科研资助课题(17ZA0438),项目负责人:夏纪筑

Near infrared photoresponsive nanoparticles loaded with LXR agonists for photothermal immunotherapy

Gan Tian1, Wang Wenyuan1, Yan Shujin2, Hao Lan3, Ran Haitao3, Wang Zhigang3, Xia Jizhu1   

  1. 1Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China;2Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China; 3Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Chongqing 400010, China
  • Received:2021-11-16 Accepted:2022-01-18 Online:2023-04-28 Published:2022-07-30
  • Contact: Xia Jizhu, MD, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Gan Tian, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81501481 (to XJZ); the Scientific Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, No. 17ZA0438 (to XJZ)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨髓来源抑制性细胞:在正常情况下,是树突状细胞、巨噬细胞和粒细胞的前体,能迅速分化为成熟的树突状细胞、巨噬细胞、粒细胞,发挥正常免疫功能。在肿瘤、感染等其他病理条件下,受细胞因子的作用,这些髓系来源的前体细胞成熟受阻,停留在各个分化阶段,成为具有免疫抑制功能的骨髓来源抑制性细胞。骨髓来源抑制性细胞通过产生各种免疫抑制性分子抑制肿瘤微环境中的先天免疫和获得性免疫。
LXR激动剂:通过激活LXR/ApoE通路诱导骨髓来源抑制性细胞耗竭,增强细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的激活,引发强大的抗肿瘤免疫反应。

背景:乳腺癌严重危害着全球女性的身心健康。发展乳腺癌的早期准确诊断和高效治疗策略对于提升患者生存机会至关重要。
目的:制备携载近红外染料IR780和LXR激动剂(RGX104)的新型多功能靶向纳米粒(PLGA-IR780-RGX104),检测其基本理化性质、体外光声显像及光热联合免疫协同治疗乳腺癌的效果。
方法:①以乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物为载体,采用双乳化法制备新型多功能靶向纳米粒PLGA-IR780-RGX104,检测该纳米粒的基本理化性质及体外光声显像效果;②取对数生长期的小鼠乳腺癌细胞4T1,分5组培养:PBS组、PBS+激光照射组、PLGA-IR780-RGX104组、PLGA-RGX104+激光照射组、PLGA-IR780-RGX104+激光照射组,每组分40,50,60,70,80 mg/L 5个质量浓度,培养24 h后,采用CCK8法检测细胞存活率;③将4T1细胞与骨髓细胞在粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子的刺激下共培养于Transwell小室中,分7组处理:无4T1细胞组、PBS组、游离RGX104组、PLGA-IR780组、PLGA-IR780+激光照射组、PLGA-IR780-RGX104组、PLGA-IR780-RGX104+激光照射组,培养6 d后,采用流式细胞计数法评估各组骨髓细胞中骨髓源性抑制细胞的数量。
结果与结论:①新型多功能靶向纳米粒大小均匀、分散性好,单个纳米粒呈球形,平均粒径为275.00 nm,平均电位为-12.00 mV,IR780及RGX104的包封率分别约为93.47%和84.30%,载药量分别为4.20%和6.68%;激光照射后,纳米粒中RGX104的释放速率加快;纳米粒具有明显的光声信号,且随着纳米粒溶液质量浓度的升高,光声信号增强;②随着纳米粒溶液质量浓度的增加,PLGA-RGX104-IR780+激光照射组细胞存活率依次减低,且明显低于相同质量浓度下的其他4组(P均< 0.000 1);③PLGA-IR780-RGX104+激光照射组骨髓源性抑制细胞数量少于PBS组、PLGA-IR780+激光照射组、PLGA-IR780-RGX104组(P均< 0.000 1),与无4T1细胞组、游离RGX104组相当(P > 0.05);④结果表明,载IR780和LXR激动剂的新型多功能靶向纳米粒可用于光声显像引导下光热联合免疫协同治疗乳腺癌。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5474-3916 (甘甜)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 纳米粒, 骨髓源性抑制细胞, LXR激动剂, 免疫治疗, 光热治疗, 联合治疗, 光声成像

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Breast cancer seriously threatens the physical and mental health of women around the world. The development of early accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment strategies for breast cancer is crucial to improve the chances of survival of patients. 
OBJECTIVE: To prepare new multifunctional targeted nanoparticles (PLGA-IR780-RGX104) containing IR780 and LXR agonist (RGX104), and to explore the effect of basic physicochemical properties, photoacoustic signal in vitro, and photothermal therapy combined with immunotherapy for breast cancer. 
METHODS: (1) Using poly(lactid-co-glycolide) as carrier, new multifunctional targeted nanoparticles (PLGA-IR780-RGX104) were prepared by double emulsification method, and their physicochemical properties and effect of photoacoustic imaging in vitro were demonstrated. (2) Mouse breast cancer cells 4T1 in logarithmic growth phase were taken and cultured in five groups: PBS group, PBS+laser irradiation group, PLGA-IR780-RGX104 group, PLGA-RGX104+laser irradiation group, and PLGA-IR780-RGX104+laser irradiation group. Each group contained 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mg/L mass concentrations. After culturing for 24 hours, the cell viability was detected by Cell Count Kit-8 assay. (3) 4T1 cells and bone marrow cells were co-cultured in a Transwell chamber under the stimulation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and were divided into seven groups: 4T1 cell-free group, PBS group, free RGX104 group, PLGA-IR780 group, PLGA-IR780+laser irradiation group, PLGA-IR780-RGX104 group, and PLGA-IR780-RGX104+laser irradiation group. After 6 days of culture, flow cytometry was used to evaluate the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in bone marrow cells of each group. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The prepared new multifunctional targeting nanoparticles were uniform in dispersion and size. The individual nanoparticle was spherical. The average particle size was 275.00 nm and the average potential was -12.00 mV. The encapsulation rates of IR780 and RGX104 were 93.47% and 84.30%, respectively. The drug loading of IR780 and RGX104 was 4.20% and 6.68%, respectively. After laser irradiation, the release rate of RGX104 increased significantly. The nanoparticles exhibited an obvious photoacoustic signal, which got stronger as the concentration increased. (2) With the increase of the mass concentration of the nanoparticle solution, the cell viability in the PLGA-RGX104-IR780+laser irradiation group decreased sequentially, and was significantly lower than that in the other four groups at the same mass concentration (all P < 0.000 1). (3) The number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the PLGA-IR780-RGX104+laser irradiation group was less than that in the PBS group, PLGA-IR780+laser irradiation group, and PLGA-IR780-RGX104 group (all P < 0.000 1), and was comparable to the 4T1 cell-free group and the free RGX104 group (P > 0.05). (4) The results showed that the new multifunctional targeted nanoparticles containing IR780 and LXR agonist (RGX104) could be used in photoacoustic imaging guided photothermal therapy combined with immunotherapy of breast cancer. 

Key words: nanoparticle, myeloid-derived suppressor cell, LXR agonist, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, combination therapy, photoacoustic imaging

中图分类号: