中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 398-405.doi: 10.12307/2023.012

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

动态加载下3种基台材料对上颌角度植入种植修复体周围骨应力的影响

王俊祥,孙江伟,白布加甫·叶力思,王钊鑫,尼加提·吐尔逊   

  1. 新疆医科大学第二附属医院口腔科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830063
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-25 接受日期:2021-12-10 出版日期:2023-01-28 发布日期:2022-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 尼加提·吐尔逊,主任医师,副教授,新疆医科大学第二附属医院口腔科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830063
  • 作者简介:王俊祥,男,1995年生,湖北省武汉市人,汉族,新疆医科大学在读硕士,主要从事口腔种植修复学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2016D01c192),课题名称:维药买朱尼对种植体周围炎龈沟液中IL-β1以及骨界面改建影响的实验研究,项目负责人:尼加提·吐尔逊

Effect of three abutment materials on bone stress around maxillary angle implant under dynamic loading

Wang Junxiang, Sun Jiangwei, Bai Bujiafu·Yellisi, Wang Zhaoxin, Nijati·Turson   

  1. Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830063, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-10-25 Accepted:2021-12-10 Online:2023-01-28 Published:2022-05-20
  • Contact: Nijati·Turson, Chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830063, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Junxiang, Master candidate, Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830063, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 2016D01c192 (to NT)

摘要:

文题释义:
种植修复体:一种以植入骨组织内的下部结构为基础来支持、固位上部牙修复体的缺牙修复方式。它包括下部的支持种植体和上部的牙修复体两部分。它采用人工材料(如金属、陶瓷等)制成种植体(一般类似牙根形态),经手术方法植入组织内(通常是上下颌)并获得骨组织牢固的固位支持,通过特殊的装置和方式连接支持上部的牙修复体。
动态加载:是指物体在运动过程中受到震动、环境等因素影响下所受的载荷,包括短时间快速作用的冲击载荷、随时间作周期性变化的周期载荷和非周期变化的随机载荷。

背景:在口腔种植修复中,上颌前牙区单颗缺失的患者缺牙区常因不同原因导致牙槽骨吸收、缺损,为了避免植骨的风险,往往采用倾斜植入种植体的方式避开牙槽骨吸收区域,并使用角度基台恢复患者正常覆合覆盖关系,不同的基台材料传递咬合力时影响力在种植体及周围骨的大小及分布。
目的:比较模拟动态加载下使用3种基台材料的种植修复体在3种植入条件下对周围骨应力峰值随时间变化关系的影响。
方法:选取1例行上颌中切牙区种植修复患者的锥形束CT资料,运用Minics软件对颌骨进行切割,运用Solidworks 2018建立种植体、颌骨、角度基台(角度分别为0°,15°,25°,基台材料分别为纯钛、氧化锆、氧化铝)、中央螺丝、二氧化锆全瓷冠等模型,装配完成,以原上颌中切牙牙根方向为植入0°角,然后分别模拟腭向倾斜15°,25°植入,种植体螺纹均无暴露,按照不同植入角度分为0°组、15°组、25°组,分别进行动态加载,加载时间为0.2 s,得出各组各材料基台种植修复体周围骨等效应力峰值随时间变化的关系。
结果与结论:①所有基台种植修复体在受咬合力时周围骨应力峰值分布一致,均位于种植体颈部骨皮质,各材料基台种植修复体周围骨应力上升幅度最快时间段均为0.025-0.05 s内,15°组骨皮质高应力值范围较0°组更大,25°组种植体骨皮质初始应力值明显高于其余两组,且加载结束后骨皮质残留较高应力值;钛基台种植修复体周围骨应力上升幅度最大,高应力值范围较为集中;②在15°组中,3种材料基台种植修复体周围骨应力峰值均位于种植体颈部,应力上升幅度钛基台种植修复体周围骨应力上升幅度较大但并不明显,高应力分布范围较为一致;25°组相较于其余两组应力高值较为集中,应力起始值高且变化幅度更大,其中氧化铝基台种植修复体周围骨应力在0-0.1 s内上升幅度最大,在0.2 s时氧化锆基台种植修复体骨等效应力峰值降为0,其余两种材料基台种植修复体周围骨内均残留较高应力;③结果提示,植入角度及基台材料的不同影响应力在种植体骨界面的分布,采用氧化锆材料基台的种植修复体各时间点骨应力均较为稳定。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-6839 (王俊祥) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 种植体, 动态加载, 角度基台, 骨应力, 修复体

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In oral implant restoration, patients with single missing maxillary anterior teeth often have alveolar bone absorption and defect due to different reasons. To avoid the risk of bone grafting, inclined implants are often used to avoid the alveolar bone absorption area. The angle abutment is used to restore the normal overcovering relationship of patients. The size and distribution of the influence of different abutment materials on the occlusal force transfer of the implant and the surrounding bone were studied.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of time on the peak value of bone stress around the implant with three abutment materials under simulated dynamic loading under three implantation conditions.  
METHODS: Cone beam CT data of a healthy adult undergoing implant restoration of maxillary central incisor were selected. Minics software was used to cut the jaw bone. Solidworks 2018 was used to establish the implant, jaw bone, and angle abutment (angle 0°, 15°, and 25°).  Base stations materials included pure titanium, zirconium dioxide, and alumina), central screw, and zirconium dioxide full porcelain crown model. Assembly was complete, for embedded in the original maxillary fang root cutting direction 0° angle, then simulated palate to tilt 15° and 25°, no implanted implant thread exposure. According to different implant angles, they were divided into 0°, 15°, and 25° groups. Dynamic loading was performed for 0.2 seconds, to obtain the time-dependent relationship between the peak value of equivalent stress of bone around the implant prosthesis of each material abutment.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All abutment implant restorations had the same peak distribution of surrounding bone stress when they were subjected to occlusal force, all of which were located in the bone cortex of the implant neck. The fastest time period for the increase of bone stress around abutment implant restorations of each material was within 0.025-0.05 seconds. The range of high stress value of cortical bone in the 15° group was larger than that in the 0° group. The initial stress value of cortical bone of implant in the 25° group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups. The residual stress value of cortical bone was higher after loading. After titanium abutment implantation, the bone stress around the prosthesis had the largest increase, and the range of high stress value was relatively concentrated. (2) In the 15° group, the peak value of bone stress around the implanted prosthesis on the abutment of the three materials was located in the neck of the implant. The increase in bone stress around the titanium abutment implanted prosthesis was relatively large but not obvious, and the distribution range of high stress was relatively consistent. Compared with the other two groups, the high stress value of the 25° group was more concentrated; the initial stress value was higher and the range of change was greater, among which the bone stress around the implanted prosthesis on the dialumina abutment increased the most within 0-0.1 seconds. At 0.2 seconds, the peak value of bone equivalent stress of zirconia abutment decreased to 0, and high residual stress remained in the bone around the implants of the other two abutments. (3) It is concluded that based on the analysis of the distribution of different influences of the implant angle and abutment material on the bone interface, the bone stress of the implants using zirconia abutment was relatively stable at all time points in the three groups.  

Key words: implant, dynamic loading, angle abutment, bone stress, restorations

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