中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (21): 3415-3420.doi: 10.12307/2022.653

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

壳聚糖生物材料支架在治疗感染性骨缺损中的应用

田宇航,刘亚东,崔宇韬,刘  贺,李少荣,王  淦,范  谊,彭传刚,吴丹凯   

  1. 吉林大学第二医院骨科,吉林省长春市  130041
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-22 接受日期:2021-05-08 出版日期:2022-07-28 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 吴丹凯,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,吉林大学第二医院骨科,吉林省长春市 130041 彭传刚,副主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,吉林大学第二医院骨科,吉林省长春市 130041
  • 作者简介:田宇航,男,1996年生,吉林省松原市人,汉族,吉林大学第二医院在读硕士,主要从事骨组织工程在治疗感染性骨缺损方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81772456),项目参与者:刘贺;吉林省卫生厅项目(2019SCTZ014),项目负责人:吴丹凯;吉林省科技厅项目(20200404140YY),项目负责人:吴丹凯

Application of chitosan biomaterial scaffold in the treatment of infectious bone defects

Tian Yuhang, Liu Yadong, Cui Yutao, Liu He, Li Shaorong, Wang Gan, Fan Yi, Peng Chuangang, Wu Dankai   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-22 Accepted:2021-05-08 Online:2022-07-28 Published:2022-01-28
  • Contact: Wu Dankai, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China Peng Chuangang, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • About author:Tian Yuhang, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81772456 (to LH); Jilin Provincial Department of Health Project, No. 2019SCTZ014 (to WDK); Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology Project, No. 20200404140YY (to WDK)

摘要:

文题释义:
壳聚糖:壳聚糖是甲壳素去乙酰化的衍生物,具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导率、生物降解性和吸附性能,被认为是治疗骨缺损的理想材料。
感染性骨缺损:是一种由急性高能量损伤和慢性感染引起的骨质短缺,由于感染性骨缺损的存在,常可造成感染性骨不连及局部功能障碍。

背景:在治疗骨缺损的过程中,将壳聚糖生物材料支架植入缺损部位可有效提高生物相容性、生物可降解性,减少不良反应的产生,为治疗骨缺损提供新的方法。
目的:介绍壳聚糖生物材料支架的最新应用进展,总结其功能,描述其在治疗感染性骨缺损中的应用,并探讨目前的研究重点和未来趋势。
方法:作者以“chitosan,scaffold,bone defect,bone tissue engineering;壳聚糖,支架,骨缺损,骨组织工程”为关键词,检索2008-2020年期间PubMed、Web of Science、Springerlink、Medline、万方、CNKI数据库中发表的相关文献。初检文章198篇,筛选后对51篇文章进行分析。
结果与结论:壳聚糖可以作为抗菌剂来治疗耐药性较强的细菌,作为骨传导性物质可以促进细胞黏附和增殖,还可以经过改性和各种生物材料结合来增强其力学性能和功能性,同时还可以作为可注射水凝胶以任何形状填充到骨缺损部位。但是强度方面依然存在不足,很难在保证抗菌活性的同时实现较好的支持作用。目前大多数研究仍侧重于和其他生物材料复合来增强其力学性能。另外,壳聚糖生物材料的应用研究大部分仍处于实验阶段,未能真正应用于临床。改进壳聚糖生物材料的制备工艺将有助于研发具有更多功能的骨修复生物材料,在不久的将来,可将壳聚糖同3D打印技术、基因工程以及医学影像学技术相结合在骨组织工程领域中为骨修复开辟新的道路。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-6531 (田宇航)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 壳聚糖, 骨缺损, 骨组织工程, 支架, 药物治疗, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  In the process of treating bone defects, chitosan biomaterial scaffolds can be prepared to implant the defect site, which can effectively improve the biocompatibility and biodegradability, reduce the generation of side effects, and provide a new method for treating bone defects.
OBJECTIVE: To introduce the latest application progress of chitosan biomaterial scaffold and its functions, describe the application in the treatment of infectious bone defects, and discuss the current research points and future trends.
METHODS: Using “chitosan, scaffold, bone defect, bone tissue engineering” as keywords, articles were retrieved on PubMed, Web of Science, Springerlink, Medline, Wanfang, and CNKI databases from 2008 to 2020. A total of 198 articles were firstly examined and 51 articles were selected for further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Chitosan can be used as an antibacterial agent to treat drug-resistant bacteria. As an osteoconductive substance, chitosan can promote cell adhesion and proliferation. Chitosan can also be modified and combined with various biological materials to enhance its mechanical properties and functionality. Simultaneously, chitosan can also be used as an injectable hydrogel to fill bone defect sites in any shape. However, there are still deficiencies in intensity, and it is difficult to achieve better supporting effect while ensuring antibacterial activity. At present, most researches still focus on combining with other biological materials to enhance their mechanical properties. In addition, most of the application research of chitosan biomaterials is still in the experimental stage, and has not been truly applied in clinical practice. Improving the preparation process of chitosan biomaterials will contribute to the research and development of bone repair biomaterials with more functions. In the near future, chitosan can be combined with 3D printing technology, genetic engineering, and medical imaging technology to open up a new path for bone repair in the field of bone tissue engineering.

Key words: chitosan, bone defect, bone tissue engineering, scaffold, medical treatment, review

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