中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (21): 3306-3311.doi: 10.12307/2022.636

• 材料力学及表面改性 material mechanics and surface modification • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印生物材料微小力学性能自动测量系统的设计

冯  辰1，2，周骥平3，许晓东1，2，姜亚妮3，史宏灿4，赵国琦1   

  1. 扬州大学，1动科学院，4医学院，江苏省扬州市  225009；2扬州工业职业技术学院，江苏省扬州市  225127；3扬州大学机械工程学院，江苏省扬州市  225127
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-02 接受日期:2021-07-16 出版日期:2022-07-28 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 周骥平，博士，教授，博士生导师，扬州大学机械工程学院，江苏省扬州市 225127
  • 作者简介:冯辰，男，1991年生，江苏省扬州市人，博士，讲师，主要从事草业机械自动化和组织工程支架研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81770018)，项目负责人：史宏灿；扬州市-扬州大学科技合作项目(SCX2017020015)，项目负责人：周骥平；扬州大学高端人才培育项目，项目负责人：周骥平；江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(21KJD460010)，项目负责人：许晓东；2021年度校级科研课题(自然科学)项目(2021xjzk018)，项目负责人：冯辰

Design of an automatic measurement system for the micro-mechanical properties of three-dimensional printing biomaterials

Feng Chen1, 2, Zhou Jiping3, Xu Xiaodong1, 2, Jiang Yani3, Shi Hongcan4, Zhao Guoqi1   

  1. 1College of Animal Science and Technology, 4Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China; 3College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China 
  • Received:2021-06-02 Accepted:2021-07-16 Online:2022-07-28 Published:2022-01-28
  • Contact: Zhou Jiping, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Feng Chen, MD, Lecturer, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81770018 (to SHC); Yangzhou City-Yangzhou University Science and Technology Cooperation Project, No. SCX2017020015 (to ZJP); the High-End Talent Cultivation Project of Yangzhou University (to ZJP); General Project of Basic Science (Natural Science) in Colleges and Universities of Jiangxi Province, No. 21KJD460010 (to XXD); School-Level Scientific Research Project (Natural Science) in 2021, No. 2021xjzk018 (to FC)

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摘要：

文题释义：
3D生物打印：是将3D打印技术应用到组织工程中，可实现具有复杂生理结构的一种制造方法，是 3D 打印技术的一个分支，通过增材制造原理将复杂的器官结构离散成一系列的二维层状结构，这种构建方法显著降低了复杂器官的构建难度，3D生物打印技术突破了传统制造技术的局限。

背景：在现有的组织工程支架评价体系中，需要在多个方面测试支架的力学强度以保证其可以满足临床应用的要求，但由于生物复合材料的力学性能测量是一个微小变形的测量，目前市面上很难有专业的测量仪器满足测试的精度要求，常用的硬度仪或拉伸实验仪也难以达到支架力学性能的要求。
目的：开发研究一款具有自动检测硬度和韧性的测试系统来检测生物支架的力学性能。
方法：研发的测试系统采用两组差动电桥分别实现应力和应变的输出，在恒定的温度、湿度及应变速度下进行不同方式的力学实验，获取材料的各项力学性能。针对复合生物材料的特殊性，通过对纳米纤维素和聚己内酯组成的生物复合材料进行设备的测试来验证该测试系统能否满足要求。
结果与结论：实验开发研究的测试系统能够准确测量生物材料支架的力学性能，将被测支架的“力-位移”加载曲线斜率作为支架的韧性/硬度的表征，能够直观反映支架力学性能的好坏，同时该测试系统的精度能够达到0.1 μm，这对3D生物打印技术运用到组织修复的建立具有理论依据和应用价值。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-4605 (冯辰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 3D生物打印, 微小变形, 差动电桥, 自动检测, 生物复合材料, 力学性能, 测试系统

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  In the existing evaluation system of tissue engineering scaffolds, it is usually necessary to test the mechanical strength of scaffolds in many aspects to ensure that they can meet the requirements of clinical application. However, because the measurement of mechanical properties of biological composite materials is a small deformation measurement, it is difficult to have professional measuring instruments on the market to meet the accuracy requirements. The commonly used hardness tester or tensile tester is difficult to meet the requirements of the mechanical properties of the scaffold.  
OBJECTIVE: To develop a device with the function of automatic detection of hardness and toughness to detect the mechanical properties of the biological scaffold.
METHODS: This test system used two sets of differential bridges to realize the output of stress and strain respectively, and mechanical tests were conducted in different ways under constant temperature, humidity and strain rate to obtain various mechanical properties of the material. Aiming at the particularity of composite biomaterials, the equipment testing of biocomposite materials composed of nanocellulose and polycaprolactone was conducted to verify whether this test system can meet the requirements.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Through experiments, the test system could accurately reflect the mechanical properties of biomaterial scaffolds. Taking the slope of the “force displacement” loading curve of the tested scaffolds as the characterization of the toughness/hardness of the scaffolds, the mechanical properties of the scaffolds could be visualized, and the accuracy of the test system could reach 0.1 μm. It has theoretical basis and application value for the establishment of three-dimensional bioprinting in tissue damage repair.

Key words: three-dimensional printing biomaterial, slight deformation, differential bridge, automatic detection, biological composite materials, mechanical property, test system

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