中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (12): 1915-1921.doi: 10.12307/2022.516

• 骨与关节图像与影像 bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

超声评估胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤的敏感性和特异性

赵予辉1,高  越2,谢雁春2,顾洪闻3,李林洋3,于海龙2   

  1. 1锦州医科大学,辽宁省锦州市  121001;2北部战区总医院,辽宁省沈阳市  110016;3大连医科大学,辽宁省大连市  116044
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-28 修回日期:2021-05-08 接受日期:2021-07-06 出版日期:2022-04-28 发布日期:2021-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 于海龙,主任医师,北部战区总医院,辽宁省沈阳市 110016
  • 作者简介:赵予辉,男,1993年生,硕士,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2018年度军队后勤科研项目(CLB18J047),项目负责人:于海龙;2020年沈阳市科技计划项目(20-205-4-023),项目
    负责人:谢雁春

Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in the assessment of posterior ligament complex injury in thoracolumbar fracture

Zhao Yuhui1, Gao Yue2, Xie Yanchun2, Gu Hongwen3, Li Linyang3, Yu Hailong2   

  1. 1Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China; 2General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China; 3Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-04-28 Revised:2021-05-08 Accepted:2021-07-06 Online:2022-04-28 Published:2021-12-14
  • Contact: Yu Hailong, Chief physician, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Yuhui, Master, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Military Logistics Science Research Project in 2018, No. CLB18J047 (to YHL); Shenyang Science and Technology Planning Project in 2020, No. 20-205-4-023 (to XYC))

摘要:

文题释义:
胸腰段骨折:胸腰段具有特殊的结构和生物力学特性,从而导致脊柱骨折主要发生在胸腰段区域,常合并后方韧带复合体损伤。胸腰段骨折的治疗主要基于胸腰椎损伤分型及严重程度评分,胸腰椎损伤分型及严重程度评分≤3分保守治疗,4分保守或手术治疗,≥5分手术治疗。
后方韧带复合体:由棘上韧带、棘间韧带、黄韧带和小关节囊构成,其作用是防止脊柱发生过度屈伸、旋转、平移和牵张,当损伤后易造成脊柱不稳定,且愈合能力差,需要手术干预。后方韧带复合体状态在胸腰椎损伤分型及严重程度评分中占据了10分中的3分,准确评估后方韧带复合体的损伤情况,对胸腰段骨折的治疗至关重要。

背景:胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤是手术决策的主要考虑因素,然而X射线片和CT检查往往无法明确诊断,MRI检查不可用时无法评估后方韧带复合体损伤情况及进一步制定治疗方案。
目的:探究超声检查在胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤诊断中的敏感性和特异性。
方法:选取2019年6月至2021年1月在北部战区总医院进行治疗的胸腰段骨折患者45例,对其中符合纳入标准的40例患者的骨折节段后方韧带复合体进行超声检查和MRI检查,依据术中具体情况进行评价,比较两种检查方法诊断胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤的敏感性和特异性,并分别进行评价。
结果与结论:①术中发现胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤23例,完好17例;②超声检查发现,胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤19例,完好21例,Kappa值为0.801,敏感性为83%(19/23),特异性为100%(17/17),准确性为90%(36/40);③MRI检查发现,胸腰段骨折后方韧带复合体损伤21例,完好19例,Kappa值为0.899,敏感性为91%(21/23),特异性为100%(17/17),准确性为95%(38/40);④在超声检查中出现4例假阴性,原因如下:2例患者体质量指数> 32 kg/m2,1例患者目测类比评分> 8分,1例患者相应骨折节段皮肤擦伤;⑤提示超声检查和MRI检查在对脊柱后方韧带复合体损伤的诊断中,均具有各自的优势;MRI检查作为诊断脊柱后方韧带复合体损伤的首选检查,其优势远大于超声检查;但是超声检查具有安全性、实用性、可靠性以及便携性,且具有较高的诊断价值。
缩略语:胸腰椎损伤分型及严重程度评分:thoracolumbar injury classification system and severity score,TLICS

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-6262 (赵予辉) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 超声检查, MRI检查, 胸腰段骨折, 后方韧带复合体, 敏感性, 特异性

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The injury of posterior ligament complex in thoracolumbar fracture is the main consideration in surgical decision. However, X-ray examination and CT examination are often unable to make a definite diagnosis. When MRI examination is not available, the injury of posterior ligament complex cannot be evaluated, and the treatment plan cannot be made further.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of posterior ligament complex injury in thoracolumbar fracture.
METHODS:  Totally 45 patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from June 2019 to January 2021 were selected. The posterior ligament complexes of 40 patients who met the inclusion criteria were examined by ultrasound and MRI. According to the specific conditions during the operation, the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods in the diagnosis of posterior ligament complex injury of thoracolumbar fracture were compared and evaluated separately.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Totally 23 cases of posterior ligament complex injury and 17 cases of intact thoracolumbar fracture were found during operation. (2) Ultrasonography exhibited 19 cases of posterior ligament complex injury and 21 cases of intact thoracolumbar fracture. Kappa value was 0.801. The sensitivity was 83% (19/23). The specificity was 100% (17/17). The accuracy was 90% (36/40). (3) MRI results displayed 21 cases of posterior ligament complex injury and 19 cases of intact thoracolumbar fracture. Kappa value was 0.899. The sensitivity was 91% (21/ 23). The specificity was 100% (17/17). The accuracy was 95% (38/40). (4) Four cases were false negative in ultrasonography. The reasons were as follows: two patients with body mass index greater than 32 kg/m2, one patient with visual analogue scale score more than 8, and one patient with skin abrasion in the corresponding fracture segment. (5) It is indicated that ultrasound and MRI have their own advantages in the diagnosis of posterior ligament complex injury in thoracolumbar fracture. MRI is the first choice for the diagnosis of posterior ligament complex injury, and its advantage is far greater than that of ultrasound. However, ultrasonic examination has the advantages of safety, practicability, reliability and portability, and has high diagnostic value.

Key words: ultrasound, MRI, thoracolumbar fracture, posterior ligament complex, sensitivity, specificity

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