中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (19): 3071-3077.doi: 10.12307/2022.388

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞及其外泌体在肝再生领域的应用

白佳萌1,刘光伟2,谢  露1,毛垚耀1,何惠昌1,王春景1   

  1. 1河南中医药大学第一临床医学院消化科,河南省郑州市   450000;2河南中医药大学第一附属医院消化科,河南省郑州市   450000
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-03 修回日期:2021-03-10 接受日期:2021-07-15 出版日期:2022-07-08 发布日期:2021-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘光伟,主任医师,副教授,河南中医药大学第一附属医院消化科,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 作者简介:白佳萌,女,1994年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事消化系统疾病的防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省中医药科学研究专项课题项目(2019ZYBJ04),项目负责人:刘光伟

Application of mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in liver regeneration

Bai Jiameng1, Liu Guangwei2, Xie Lu1, Mao Yaoyao1, He Huichang1, Wang Chunjing1   

  1. 1Department of Gastroenterology, First Clinical School of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2021-02-03 Revised:2021-03-10 Accepted:2021-07-15 Online:2022-07-08 Published:2021-12-29
  • Contact: Liu Guangwei, Chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Bai Jiameng, Master candidate, Department of Gastroenterology, First Clinical School of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Special Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research of Henan Province, No. 2019ZYBJ04 (to LGW)

摘要:

文题释义:
外泌体:是直径为30-150 nm的脂质双层结构囊泡,几乎所有类型的细胞都能分泌,含有DNA、RNA、mRNA、miRNA、蛋白质等,在细胞间信号传递中起着重要的作用。外泌体在介导细胞间信息传递、产生免疫耐受及组织修复再生等方面发挥作用。
肝再生:包括肝实质细胞再生和肝组织结构重建,肝细胞在再生中起重要作用,多种细胞因子和生长因子通过不同机制对其进行调控。

背景:已有许多研究表明了间充质干细胞在疾病治疗和再生医学领域具有广阔的应用前景,另外,除了间充质干细胞本身,来源于间充质干细胞的外泌体也成为研究者关注的热点,有望成为新的疾病诊疗方法。
目的:综述间充质干细胞及其外泌体在肝再生领域中的应用、挑战及前景,深入了解其发挥作用的治疗机制。
方法:以“mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs,exosomes,liver,regenerate”“间充质干细胞,外泌体,肝,再生”为检索词,检索PubMed数据库、万方数据库、CNKI数据库中发表的相关文献,通过筛选整理,排除与研究内容无关的文献、重复性研究和过早发表的文献,最终保留85篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:通过对现有的研究总结了间充质干细胞及其外泌体能够发挥肝脏保护作用并延缓疾病进展,具体机制包括减少肝细胞凋亡、调节自噬、改善炎症反应、改善氧化应激、抑制纤维化、促进血管生成等,可作为肝损伤相关疾病治疗研究的新方向。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5939-2059 (白佳萌) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 间充质干细胞, 外泌体, 肝再生, 机制, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells have broad application prospects in the field of regenerative medicine. In addition to mesenchymal stem cells themselves, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have also become the focus of researchers’ attention, which brings new ideas for the treatment of diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application, challenge and prospect of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes in the field of liver regeneration, and to further understand their therapeutic mechanism.
METHODS: With the search terms of “mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs, exosomes, liver, regenerate”, relevant articles published in PubMed database, Wanfang database and CNKI database were searched. Through screening and sorting, the articles unrelated to the research content, repetitive studies and early published articles were excluded. Finally, 85 articles were reserved for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes can play a protective role in the liver and delay the progress of the disease. The specific mechanisms include reducing hepatocyte apoptosis, regulating autophagy, improving inflammatory response, improving oxidative stress, inhibiting fibrosis, and promoting angiogenesis, which can be used as a new direction for the treatment of liver injury related diseases.

Key words: stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, liver regeneration, mechanism, review

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