中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (22): 3498-3504.doi: 10.12307/2022.277

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

不同孔隙率多孔ZnO/羟基磷灰石复合材料的力学性能与生物相容性

孟增东1，朱  斌2，张亚楠1，罗丽琳3，张玉勤2   

  1. 云南省第一人民医院(昆明理工大学附属医院)，1骨科，3骨科病理科，云南省昆明市 650032；2昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院，云南省昆明市 650093
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-03 修回日期:2021-01-27 接受日期:2021-05-23 出版日期:2022-08-08 发布日期:2022-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 张玉勤，博士，教授，博士生导师，昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院，云南省昆明市 650093
  • 作者简介:孟增东，男，1971年生，云南省昆明市人，汉族，博士，主任医师，教授，主要从事生物骨缺损修复材料研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31860264)，项目负责人：孟增东；云南省应用基础研究重点项目(2019FA029)，项目负责人：孟增东

Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of porous ZnO/hydroxyapatite composites with different porosities

Meng Zengdong1, Zhu Bin2, Zhang Yanan1, Luo Lilin3, Zhang Yuqin2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, 3Department of Orthopedic Pathology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China; 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-03 Revised:2021-01-27 Accepted:2021-05-23 Online:2022-08-08 Published:2022-01-12
  • Contact: Zhang Yuqin, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, China
  • About author:Meng Zengdong, PhD, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31860264 (to MZD); the Yunnan Province Applied Basic Research Key Project, No. 2019FA029 (to MZD)

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摘要：

文题释义：
羟基磷灰石基复合材料：羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性、生物活性、骨传导性及可降解性，单一羟基磷灰石只有骨传导性，缺乏骨诱导性，将羟基磷灰石作为基体，加入活性物质制备出羟基磷灰石基复合材料，使其具备骨诱导性。
多孔材料：存在大量的孔隙结构，可以为成骨细胞提供增殖与长大所需的空间；有利于人体体液的流入，加速体液与材料间的离子交换，可以提高其降解速率；具有较大的比表面积，移植后能提高与人体体液和宿主骨组织的接触面积，加快成骨细胞的黏附及长入，提高其界面稳定性；存在通孔结构，有利于成骨细胞间的信息交流与爬行、微血管的长入及骨组织的长入。

背景：前期研究发现，在纳米羟基磷灰石中加入氧化锌并将其多孔化可明显提高磷灰石的形成能力，同时具有良好的生物相容性，但孔隙率的提高会导致力学性能的劣化。
目的：观察不同孔隙率下多孔氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合材料微观结构、孔隙特征、力学性能、体外矿化与降解性能的变化，以及在适宜孔隙率下该复合材料的细胞相容性。
方法：通过改变造孔剂(医用级碳酸氢铵)添加量来控制复合材料的孔隙率，利用放电等离子烧结技术制备不同孔隙率(42%，51%，62%)的多孔氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合材料，研究3种复合材料的微观结构、孔隙特征、力学性能、体外矿化与降解性能。将兔骨髓间充质干细胞接种于适宜孔隙率的多孔氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合材料表面，观察细胞黏附和增殖情况。
结果与结论：①扫描电镜显示，随着孔隙率的提高，复合材料的孔隙数量明显增加，通孔结构增加，表面也出现微裂纹，复合材料的孔径在0-500 μm之间；②随着孔隙率的提高，复合材料的抗压强度与弹性模量降低，抗压强度由148 MPa下降至56 MPa，弹性模量由6.5 GPa下降至3.5 GPa；③体外矿化与降解实验显示，随着孔隙率的提高，复合材料表面及孔隙结构中出现的类骨磷灰石沉积物增加，降解速率加快；④综合上述实验结果，选取孔隙率为42%的复合材料与兔骨髓间充质干细胞共培养，直接接触培养实验显示，细胞在复合材料表面与空隙内部生长黏附良好；复合材料浸提液CCK-8实验显示，随着培养时间的延长，兔骨髓间充质干细胞快速增殖；⑤结果表明，孔隙率为42%的多孔氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合材料具有良好的力学性能、降解性能与生物相容性。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7539-613X (孟增东) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 羟基磷灰石, 多孔化, 孔隙率, 力学性能, 磷灰石, 降解行为, 细胞黏附, 细胞增殖

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have found that adding zinc oxide to nano-hydroxyapatite and making it porous can significantly improve the apatite-forming ability and simultaneously have good biocompatibility, but the increase in porosity will lead to the deterioration of mechanical properties.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in the microstructure, pore characteristics, mechanical properties, in vitro mineralization and degradation properties of porous zinc oxide/hydroxyapatite composites under different porosities, as well as the cell compatibility of the composites under suitable porosity.
METHODS: The porosity of the composite material was controlled by changing the added amount of pore former (medical grade ammonium bicarbonate). Porous zinc oxide/hydroxyapatite composite materials with different porosities (42%, 51%, 62%) were prepared by spark plasma sintering technology to study the microstructure, pore characteristics, mechanical properties, in vitro mineralization and degradation properties of three kinds of composite materials. Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on the surface of porous zinc oxide/hydroxyapatite composite material with appropriate porosity, and cell adhesion and proliferation were observed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:  (1) Scanning electron microscopy showed that with the increase of porosity, the number of pores in the composite material increased significantly; the through-hole structure increased; and microcracks appeared on the surface. The pore size of the composite material was between 0-500 μm. With the increase of porosity, compressive strength and elastic modulus of the composite were reduced; the compressive strength decreased from 148 MPa to 56 MPa; the elastic modulus decreased from 6.5 GPa to 3.5 GPa. (3) In vitro degradation and mineralization experiments showed that with improved composite surface porosity, bone apatite deposition species increased, and the degradation rate was accelerated. (4) Based on the above experimental results, the composite material with the porosity of 42% was selected to be co-cultured with rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The direct contact culture experiment showed that the cells grew and adhered well on the surface of the composite material and inside the void; the composite material extract CCK-8 assay showed that with the extension of culture time, rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferated rapidly. (5) The results showed that the porous zinc oxide/hydroxyapatite composite material with the porosity of 42% had good mechanical properties, degradation properties and biocompatibility.

Key words: hydroxyapatite, porous, porosity, mechanical properties, apatites, degradation, cell adhesion, cell proliferation

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