中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (36): 5771-5776.doi: 10.12307/2021.340

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

皮质骨轨迹椎弓根系统拔出力下腰椎的有限元分析

任航宁1,居来提·买提肉孜1,帕尔哈提·热西提2,罗辉卿1   

  1. 1新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830047;2新疆医科大学第一附属医院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830047
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-27 修回日期:2021-03-04 接受日期:2021-03-24 出版日期:2021-12-28 发布日期:2021-09-17
  • 通讯作者: 居来提·买提肉孜,硕士生导师,副教授,新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830047
  • 作者简介:任航宁,男,1991年生,汉族,山东省菏泽市人,新疆大学在读硕士,主要从事骨生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(81960415),项目负责人:帕尔哈提·热西提,项目名称:腰椎改良皮质骨螺钉技术相关生物力学、3D导板设计与应用研究

Finite element analysis of lumbar vertebrae under the pull-out strength of screw in cortical bone trajectory technique

Ren Hangning1, Jurat·Matrozi1, Paerhati·Rexiti2, Luo Huiqing1   

  1. 1College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-02-27 Revised:2021-03-04 Accepted:2021-03-24 Online:2021-12-28 Published:2021-09-17
  • Contact: Jurat·Matrozi, Master’s supervisor, Associate professor, College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Ren Hangning, Master candidate, College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Regional Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960415 (to PR)

摘要:


文题释义:

腰椎皮质骨轨迹椎弓根技术:即轨迹是经腰椎皮质骨置钉的腰椎内固定方案,CBT方案。
腰椎内固定系统:由钛合金制成的螺钉、螺母、链接棒等组成的用于临床上对腰椎损伤进行复位治疗的医疗器械,内固定系统起到了对载荷进行承载的作用,能够帮助患者建立新的腰部稳定机制,保证恢复期间的基本腰部活动。腰椎内固定系统技术主要在进钉点等方面与传统椎弓根螺钉有所不同,包括皮质骨轨迹椎弓根螺钉固定(CBT)和传统轨迹椎弓根螺钉固定(TT)两种。其中CBT方案就有不少专家正在进行这一技术的研究以及尝试,该文针对CBT中的两种理论进行分析。

背景:椎弓根皮质骨螺钉内固定技术是目前临床治疗腰椎退行性疾病的主要手段,但传统皮质骨轨迹椎弓根方案置钉后螺钉存在很大的松动可能,进而引起固定失效或植骨不融合。
目的:通过有限元方法比较腰椎在改良皮质骨轨迹椎弓根螺钉与传统皮质骨轨迹椎弓根螺钉固定技术应用下,受拔出力作用时的生物力学性能。
方法:依据提取的骨质疏松症患者CT图像建立L1-L5全椎体功能单元骨质疏松人体有限元模型,模拟改良皮质骨轨迹椎弓根螺钉和传统皮质骨轨迹椎弓根螺钉两种固定方式置钉,在加载一定实际旋转拔出力状态下,测量两种方式钉道周围骨质的应力分布、最大应力值并分析其差异。

结果与结论:①相同固定方式下相同载荷状态中,两种置钉方案中椎骨的应力分布差异明显,与传统皮质骨轨迹椎弓根组比,改良皮质骨轨迹椎弓根组的应力区体积及应力集中点明显减少,能显著增加置入螺钉的稳定性;②不同的钉道带来不同骨密度,直接影响了内固定螺钉在腰椎骨内的力学性能。③L1-L5椎体形状不同、大小不同,其力学性能、表现也不相同。可见改良的皮质骨轨迹椎弓根技术相比传统皮质骨轨迹椎弓根技术具有优越性,是骨质疏松患者腰椎内固定选择中的一种优选方式。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-3153 (居来提·买提肉孜) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: ">腰椎, 皮质骨轨迹椎弓根技术, 双侧螺钉, 应力分析, 有限元

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pedicle screw fixation is the preferred surgical treatment for clinical treatment of lumbar degenerative disease currently. However, there is a great possibility of screw loosening after the traditional cortical bone trajectory pedicle screw placement scheme, which may cause fixation failure or non-fusion of bone graft.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare biomechanical properties of novel cortical bone trajectory screw and cortical bone trajectory screw in lumbar vertebrae under pull-out strength by finite element method.
METHODS:  Based on the extracted computed tomography of patients with osteoporosis, the finite element model of L1-L5 full vertebral body functional unit osteoporosis was established. The novel cortical bone trajectory screw and cortical bone trajectory screw were simulated. The stress distribution and maximum stress value of bone around the screw track of the two methods were measured and compared under a certain actual rotation pull-out strength.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the same fixation mode, the stress distribution of vertebrae in the novel cortical bone trajectory group and cortical bone trajectory group was significantly different under the same load state. Compared with cortical bone trajectory group, the volume of the stress zone and the stress concentration point were significantly reduced, which could significantly increase the stability of the inserted screw in the novel cortical bone trajectory group. (2) Different screw paths brought different bone mineral densities, which directly affected the mechanical properties of internal fixation screws in lumbar spine. (3) Different shapes and sizes of L1-L5 bone led to different mechanical properties and performance. It can be seen that the novel cortical bone trajectory technology has advantages over the cortical bone trajectory technology. The novel cortical bone trajectory technique is a preferred method for lumbar internal fixation in patients with osteoporosis.

Key words: lumbar spine, cortical bone trajectory, bilateral screw, stress analysis, finite element

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